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Question
A generalization of the minimum-hop criterion is ________ routing.Answer
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Related questions
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A) transmitter
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A) single mode and the multimode
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The transmission media that are used to convey information can be classified as guided or unguided.
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A means of transmitting analog signals without regard to their content is ________ transmission.
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The simplest sort of signal is a ________ signal, in which the same signal pattern repeats over time.
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________ is generated by terminals. computers, and other data processing equipment and then converted into digital voltage pulses for transmissions.
A) Voice
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A(n) ________ signal is a continuously varying electromagnetic wave that may be propagated over a variety of media, depending on spectrum. Examples are wire media and fiber optic cable.
A) digital
B) periodic
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A guided transmission medium is ________ if it provides a direct link between two devices and those are the only two devices sharing the medium.
A) multipoint
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Delay distortion occurs because the velocity of propagation of a signal through a guided medium varies with frequency.
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An analog signal can be transmitted only a limited distance before attenuation, noise, and other impairments endanger the integrityof the data.
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A familiar example of analog data is audio, which, in the form of acoustic sound waves, can be perceived directly by human beings.
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It is necessary to impose a layer of control in each communicating device that provides functions such as flow control, error detection, and error control.
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A) parallel
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C) analog
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A ________ error can occur in the presence of white noise when a slight random deterioration of the signal to noise ratio is sufficient to confuse the receiver's decision of a single bit.
A) burst
B) idle
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________ is one of the most fundamental requirements in the transmission of a stream of bits from one device to another.
A) Standardization
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The ratio of data bits to total bits is called the code rate .
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In an __________ , there is a cluster of bits in which a number of errors occur, although not necessarily all of the bits in the cluster suffer an error.
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Forward error correction schemes are frequently used in __________ transmission, where retransmission schemes are highly inefficient and error rates may be high.
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The ________ is a measure of how much additional bandwidth is required to carry data at the same data rate as without the code.
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In the differential ________ scheme a binary 0 is represented by sending a signal burst of the same phase as the previous signal burst sent. A binary 1 is represented by sending a signal burst of opposite phase to the preceding one.
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Multiple signals, each at a different position on the spectrum, sharing the same transmission medium, is known as frequency division ________.
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In ________ the phase of the carrier signal is shifted to represent data.
A) MFSK
B) ASK
C) FSK
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Because of their simplicity and relatively low frequency response characteristics, ________ codes are commonly used for digital magnetic recording.
A) NRZ
B) AMI
C) VSES
D) B8ZS