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Question
A) Provide an informal analysis of the following passage; or
B) in analyzing the passage, do the following:
a. Identify the causal hypothesis at issue.
b. Identify what kind of study it is.
c. Describe the control and experimental groups.
d. State the difference in effect (or cause) between control and experimental groups.
e. Identify any problems in either the study or the report of it, including but not necessarily limited to uncontrolled variables.
f. State the conclusion you think is warranted by the report.
Does learning how to program a computer help first graders to think? Douglas H. Clements and Dominic F. Gullo of Kent State University randomly assigned eighteen first graders from a middle-class, Midwestern school system into two computer groups. The first group programmed an Apple II computer, using the computer language Logo, during two forty-minute sessions a week for twelve weeks. The other group received computer-based lessons in arithmetic and reading for the same time period. It was found that the children who programmed increased their scores on a creativity test in which they had to devise and draw pictures under time restraints and became better at identifying instances when they had not been given enough information to complete a simple task or understand how a magic trick is performed. However, a number of other tests provided no evidence that the programming experience can improve overall thinking abilities.
The investigation was reported in the Journal of Educational Psychology.
Adapted from Science News
Answer
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