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Question
A researcher computes a .95 confidence interval for an experimental group to be 3.0 B 7.0, and computes a .95 confidence interval for a control group to be 0.0 B 4.0. Based on these confidence intervals, the researcher can state that
A. the results for the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable are inconclusive.
B. the independent variable definitely influenced participants' scores on the dependent variable because the confidence interval for the experimental group is higher than that that of the control group.
C. the independent variable definitely did not affect participants' scores because the confidence interval for the control group includes zero.
D. the population value for the experimental group is .95.
Answer
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Related questions
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The value of the F-statistic in a single-factor experiment is determined by dividing the Between-Group Mean Square by the
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Q:
Assume that the results of an F-test for a single-factor experiment are reported as: F(2, 42) = 7.30, p = .01. On the basis of this information we may conclude that there were _______ independent groups in this experiment.
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Q:
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Q:
One threat to the internal validity of research that affects both true experiments and quasi-experiments is
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A. an experiment done to address a specific question raised by a specific company.
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Q:
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Q:
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Q:
Which of the following is not a source of bias in case studies?
A. testing clinical innovations
B. socially desirable responses in a client's report of his or her behaviors
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Q:
The major difficulty with the case study method as a basis for drawing cause-and-effect conclusions is that
A. coding of the results cannot be done reliably and validly.
B. the simultaneous use of several treatments and failure to control extraneous variables prevent causal inference.
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D. biases of the researcher must dominate the interpretation of the results.
Q:
Case studies have been used successfully to study individuals with brain disorders and individuals with exceptional memory abilities. These studies illustrate the use of the case study method to
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Q:
Suppose the following data were observed for an individual who sought treatment for kleptomania. Using a single-case experiment, the psychologist used "covert sensitization" to treat the stealing behavior across a number of different situations (e.g., stealing at the grocery store, drug store, discount store). Covert sensitization was applied systematically to each situation. The psychologist concluded that the treatment was very effective for reducing kleptomania.
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Q:
(p. 292-294, 297) Identify a methodological problem specific to the ABAB design and a methodological problem specific to the multiple-baseline designs.
Q:
(p. 290, 297-299) Describe an advantage and a disadvantage of single-case experimental designs relative to multiple-groups designs.
Q:
When each level of one independent variable is combined with each level of a second independent variable, the combination of these two variables is called
A. a complete design.
B. counterbalanced combination.
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D. factorial combination.
Q:
(p. 244-245, 247) A researcher examined whether interrogators who expect a suspect to be guilty, rather than innocent, use more persuasive interrogation techniques. The researcher created a laboratory situation in which students were randomly assigned to actually commit a crime or not commit a crime by following a set of instructions given to them. This is referred to as "Suspect Status." Before student interrogators interviewed a suspect, they were randomly assigned to conditions that led them to believe the suspect was guilty or innocent of the crime. This is referred to as "Interrogator Expectation." Independent observers rated the effort used by interrogators to obtain a confession using a 1-10 rating scale (higher scores indicate greater effort). Suppose the researcher observed the following means for each group:
Q:
(p. 244-245, 247) A researcher was interested in the effects of arousal and personality on individuals' GRE test performance. The personality variable he examined was individuals' level of introversion-extraversion. Based on questionnaire responses, each participant was classified as an "extravert" or an "introvert." The researcher manipulated arousal level by giving caffeine to participants prior to administering a practice GRE test. Participants were randomly assigned to a high-caffeine condition, a medium-caffeine condition, or the no-caffeine condition. All participants then completed a version of the quantitative portion of the GRE.
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Q:
A researcher conducts a study to determine if the variable of test anxiety influences performance on two types of GRE tests, the verbal and quantitative tests. He uses a questionnaire to assess individuals' test anxiety and classifies participants as high test anxious (n = 40) or low test anxious (n = 40). He is also interested in knowing whether high or low test-anxious individuals' performance is different for the computerized version of the two tests compared to the paper-and-pencil version of the tests. Within each anxiety group, he randomly assigns participants to either the computer version or the paper version of the GRE tests. Participants then complete both the verbal and quantitative tests of the GRE in the test version they've been assigned (computer or paper). Thus, each participant has two scores, a Verbal score and a Quantitative score.
Assume the following results were observed for the mean Verbal scores (we'll ignore Quantitative scores):
Based on these findings, the researcher claims that Test Version, computer vs. paper, does not affect individuals' average performance. What information is the researcher using to make this claim? Is this claim justified?
Q:
When an independent variable such as task difficulty has been shown to interact with a second independent variable such as age, the generality (i.e., ability to generalize the findings) of the effect of the task difficulty variable is
A. complete.
B. unaffected.
C. limited.
D. increased.