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Question
Alcohol consumption increases the NADH/NAD+ ratiothat is, alcohol metabolism results in an increase of NADH and a depletion of NAD+. In terms of changes in enzyme activities, describe how alcohol consumption via the change in the NADH/NAD+ ratio decreases the oxidation of carbohydrates.Answer
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Related questions
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Describe the process by which vitamin B12 is digested and absorbed.
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For each vitamin listed below, indicate: (1) the active form of the vitamin, (2) the general function for the vitamin, and (3) an example of the general function (this could be a specific reaction or simply indicate a pathway/ process where it occurs). An example is provided; as you can see, your answers do not need to be long!Vitamins: Biotin, pantothenate, riboflavin, vitamin B6, thiamin, vitamin C, folateExample: Niacin(1) NAD(H) or NADP(H)(2) Oxidation-reduction reactions(3) TCA Cycle reaction or"¦.
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Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If the statement is false, explain why it is false.
Circulating concentrations of a vitamin typically reflect diet, whereas intracellular (e.g., RBCs, leukocytes) concentrations reflect body pools.
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Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If the statement is false, explain why it is false.
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Which of the following vitamins has a Tolerable Upper Intake Level established?
a. thiamin
b. riboflavin
c. vitamin B6
d. vitamin B12
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The normal digestion and absorption of cobalamin requires adequate protein digestion in the stomach; the presence of 2 nonenzymatic proteins: _____; and a receptor located in the _____.
a. R binders and hydrochloric acid, colon
b. pepsin and hydrochloric acid, ileum
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d. R protein and intrinsic factor, duodenum
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What amount of supplemental folic acid is recommended daily for women of childbearing age in the United States?
a. 200 ug DFE
b. 400 ug DFE
c. 600 ug DFE
d. 800 ug DFE
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Tetrahydrofolate is vitally important for dividing cells during growth and cancer and knowledge of this need is used in cancer treatment by giving the drug methotrexate to inhibit the enzyme _____.
a. folylpolyglutamate synthetase
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Synthesis of coenzyme A starts with the phosphorylation of which vitamin?
a. pyridoxal phosphate
b. pantothenic acid
c. vitamin E
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Erythrocyte transketolase activity is an assay to assess the status of:
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Describe how the effects of anorexia nervosa are similar to the effects of starvation.
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c. 137 lb
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The present diet of the student in question #25 provides 2500 kcal per day. This diet:
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b. needs to be increased by 300 kcal.
c. would cause about 1 lb per week weight loss.
d. would cause weight gain of about 0.5 lb per week.
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c. provide a disclaimer on the label stating that "this statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration"
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Which ultratrace element is not required by humans in its ionic form, but is a necessary component of the coenzyme form of a vitamin?
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b. boron
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Toxicity of which element results in green tongue, diarrhea, and GI cramps?
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a. nickel
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c. vanadium
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Which ultratrace element, in pharmacological quantities, mimics the action of insulin?
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c. nickel
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Which ultratrace element affects the composition, structure, and strength of bones as well as cell membrane stability and inflammation?
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Which of the following groups of foods are richest in boron, providing 1.0 to 4.5 mg/100 g?
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b. pork, beef, and poultry
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What two minerals can cause damage to cells when in their free ion forms?
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b. zinc and molybdenum
c. iodine and manganese
d. zinc and copper
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