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Question
Because they were not allowed to use physical punishment to control the prisoners in the Stanford Prison Experiment, the guards began to rely ona. positive reinforcement.
b. negative reinforcement.
c. humiliation and degradation.
d. a 12-step program.
Answer
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Related questions
Q:
In the Johari Window, the part of yourself that is known by you but not by others is the _______ area.
a. open
b. hidden
c. blind
d. unknown
Q:
Regardless of whether you are an individualist or a collectivist, when using social comparison to evaluate yourself objectively, it is important to compare yourself to others who
a. know you.
b. are better than you.
c. who are similar than you.
d. are unknown to you.
Q:
According to Hughes and Demo (1989), African Americans who report having faced racial discrimination
a. have lower self-efficacy beliefs.
b. have the same self-efficacy beliefs as those who haven"t faced racial discrimination.
c. have higher self-efficacy beliefs from overcoming adversity.
d. perform better in school.
Q:
The extent to which we believe we are capable of achieving our goals is known as
a. self-concept.
b. self-esteem.
c. possible self.
d. self-efficacy.
Q:
Which of the following strategies can best influence self-esteem?
a. Giving constant compliments regardless of performance
b. Providing honest feedback and specific skills development
c. Providing ego boosters
d. Criticizing negative performance
Q:
Sociometer theory suggests that
a. each relationship has its own sociometer.
b. multiple relationships share the same sociometer.
c. relationships seem uniformly positive or uniformly negative.
d. sociometers are unrelated to self-esteem.
Q:
Since Nathan was a child, he has always considered himself a terrific singer. Parents and friends have reinforced his perceptions. After trying out for a national singing contest, the judges emphatically said NO! Which of the following concepts best explains why Nathan has a hard time believing the truth?
a. The self
b. Self-verification
c. Self-concept
d. Culture
Q:
To explain the high power distance in France, as compared to other European countries, one can examine its
a. climate.
b. economy.
c. enduring history of aristocracy.
d. decrease in technological advances.
Q:
In high power distance cultures power is seen as __________, whereas in low power distance cultures, power is seen as
a. evil; justified.
b. deserving; evil.
c. deserving; arbitrary.
d. arbitrary; evil.
Q:
Darren had his first lemonade stand at six; his first dog washing job at 10 and his first lawn service company at 12. More than likely Darren lives in a(n) _____________ culture.
a. individualistic
b. collectivistic
c. feminine
d. low power distance
Q:
The value of independence in individualistic cultures also influences elderly adults by
a. increasing the likelihood that an adult child would take care of his or her elderly parents.
b. increasing the likelihood that elderly individuals will move into convalescent homes, rather have adult children take care of them.
c. decreasing the likelihood that adults will reach older adulthood.
d. increasing the likelihood that adult children will quit full-time employment to care for elderly parents.
Q:
Sandra turned down her dream job interview at a Fortune 500 accounting firm to be at her niece's baptism. Choosing family over one's personal success is more reflective of someone in the _________ culture.
a. individualistic
b. high power distance
c. masculine
d. collectivistic
Q:
Rita is in her early 20s and rents a small apartment near town. Because she is Hispanic, many of her friends assume she lives with her immediate and extended family. This is an example of a(n)
a. value.
b. attitude.
c. stereotype.
d. comparison.
Q:
Most cross-cultural researchers believe that a specific culture's values are often related to the natural resources available in a certain geographic region. For example,
a. when there are few natural resources, people may work more competitively.
b. when there are many natural resources, people become less interdependent.
c. when there are many natural resources, people become less independent.
d. when there are few natural resources, people become more interdependent.
Q:
Marcus likes taking his Great Dane, Brutus, to the dog park. Although the community value is leashing all dogs, Marcus interprets this value as only applicable to those owners with dangerous dogs. Therefore, Brutus walks leash-free. Another name for his interpretation of the value is a(n)
a. attitude.
b. perception.
c. value.
d. expectation of the situation.
Q:
Understanding human relations begins informally as early as
a. childhood.
b. adolescence.
c. college age.
d. young adulthood.
Q:
Sandra believes in speaking directly when working on a task with another student; Satoko believes in politely hinting her meaning to help the listener make a connection. This difference can best be described as a difference in
a. cultural norms.
b. power distance.
c. masculinity-femininity.
d. psychology.
Q:
You have $75 to spend and want to increase your chances of landing a terrific job upon completing college. According to the 2003 employer survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, the best way to apply that money to your job search is to
a. take a class on rsum writing.
b. buy a new suit.
c. take a class on interpersonal communication skills.
d. take a computer class to improve keyboarding.
Q:
Jessica and Marshall, a married couple in their 30s, agreed to participate in a study conducted by John Gottman. After reviewing their taped interactions, he announced that based on _______________, they could look forward to a successful marriage.
a. how they looked at each other
b. their patterns of communication with one another
c. their similar values
d. their complementary viewpoints
Q:
Susan has a difficult time trusting her partner and spends much of her time engaging in obsessive, desperate, and possessive behaviors. This love style is known as
a. storge.
b. pragma.
c. mania.
d. agape.
Q:
When we respond to friends supportively and in a way that signals open-mindedness and interest, we are using a(n) _________ response.
a. evaluative
b. descriptive
c. certainty
d. provisional
Q:
Jackie didn"t do well on her first human relations exam and called her mom with her concerns. Her mom responded, "You should have studied more." Jackie responded defensively because her mother used ___________ language.
a. evaluative
b. descriptive
c. certainty
d. provisional
Q:
Compared to European Americans, African Americans use the __________ conflict strategy more often.
a. agreeing
b. assuming
c. dominating
d. accommodating
Q:
Morgan is reliable, dependable, and always on hand when her friends need her. Rarely has she ever failed to follow through with a commitment. Morgan is high in
a. extraversion.
b. neuroticism.
c. agreeableness.
d. conscientiousness.
Q:
Nancy has a hard time interacting with others, and the interactions she has are usually negative. Based on this information, Nancy is probably high in
a. extraversion.
b. neuroticism.
c. agreeableness.
d. conscientiousness.
Q:
Susan is frustrated her roommate refuses to clean up after herself. Rather than confront her directly, she chooses instead to hide her roommate's keys. This is an example of ___________ behavior.
a. compromise
b. passive-aggressive
c. accommodating
d. avoiding
Q:
The compromising style of conflict is advantageous to those involved in that
a. each party gains some satisfaction.
b. one member of the party gains satisfaction while the other loses.
c. neither party wins.
d. each person gets all of what they want.
Q:
Compared to dominators, compromisers are more likely to value
a. a win.
b. success.
c. conflict.
d. harmony.
Q:
The only time the dominating conflict style may be helpful is in a _____________by a(n)
a. personal relationship; stonewaller.
b. work environment; subordinate.
c. personal relationship; avoider.
d. work environment; legitimate authority.
Q:
Zach's conflict style often includes threats and nonverbal behaviors, such as stonewalling. His style is also known as
a. compromising.
b. dominating.
c. accommodating.
d. justifying.