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Q: What is a demographic transition? What are its four stages? State why each stage is important and what the consequence is for population growth. Do all countries go through the demographic transition?

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Q: What three-factor model is used for representing the impact on the environment? What is a fourth factor that could be added to this model? Give a simple explanation for each factor and describe what it means in terms of human impacts on the environment.

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Q: Why did China institute a population control policy? How is it enforced? Why is it controversial?

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Q: Urbanization drives TFR down.

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Q: Malthus was responsible for ________. A) the book The Population Bomb, which described the disastrous effects of human population growth B) the idea that, without social strictures, the increase in the human population would lead to famine and war C) the concept that human population growth would lead to greater industry and prosperity through education D) instituting fertilizer use for agriculture E) the political stance that the environment was important in its own right

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Q: The most accurate terms describing the trend over the past 50 years in resource use for human energy and agricultural systems are ________. A) increasing and unsustainable B) decreasing and sustainable C) steady state and sustainable D) from unsustainable to sustainable E) rapidly increasing, moving from unsustainable to sustainable

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Q: According to the IPAT model, the introduction of industrialized fisheries that use big trawlers, satellite navigation, and sonars to locate the fish ________. A) increases environmental impact B) decreases environmental impact C) increases population D) increases sensitivity E) decreases sensitivity

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Q: If global fertility rates remain at 2010 levels, the United Nations predicts that the world population will be approximately ________ billion in 2050. A) 11 B) 9 C) 7 D) 8 E) 6

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Q: The transitional stage in Frank Notestein's demographic model is initiated by ________. A) government intervention B) the increased use of contraceptives C) epidemics D) industrialization E) resource depletion

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Q: Currently, the highest TFRs are in ________. A) Africa B) Asia C) Latin America D) Oceania E) Europe (including Russia)

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Q: If there is ________, population growth rates will increase. A) increased immigration B) increased emigration C) decreased immigration D) increased urbanization E) increased industrialization

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Q: The application of population ecology principles to the study of statistical change in human populations is the focus of the social science of ________.

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Q: Explain demographic fatigue.

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Q: Briefly explain how the status of women affects population growth.

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Q: Global warming has been hypothesized to cause many plants to flower earlier in the year. If in response to this bees search for food earlier, this would represent ________ within the community. A) facilitation B) succession C) coevolution D) climax E) extirpation

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Q: Intense hurricanes that may result from global warming can directly lead to ________ within communities. A) primary succession B) secondary succession C) coevolution D) climax E) facilitation

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Q: Keystone species are most often found at lower trophic levels.

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Q: Desert and tundra both ________. A) have lithosols B) have wide temperature between day and night C) lack insects D) have relatively low precipitation E) lack shrubs

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Q: Gazelles grazing on grass in savannah are ________. A) producers B) primary consumers C) secondary consumers D) detritivores E) decomposers

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Q: Orchids require tree limbs for support, but do not harm the trees. This demonstrates ________. A) facilitation B) commensalism C) amensalism D) mutualism E) allelopathy

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Q: The relationship between flowering plants and caterpillars is best described as ________.

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Q: Briefly explain the restoration of Garry oak-associated ecosystems at Chatterton Hill Park in Victoria, British Columbia.

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Q: Figure 5.1Use Figure 5.1 to answer the following questions.Refer to Figure 5.1. What does the diagram illustrate?A) Biomes at the highest altitudes are similar to biomes near the equator.B) Biomes at the highest altitudes are similar to biomes near the poles.C) Rules regarding climate and biomes do not apply to mountainous regions.D) Increasing altitudes demonstrate the stages of succession.E) Mountain ranges contain all of Earth's biomes.

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Q: What do the world views of indigenous people, such as the Mirrar, American Transcendentalists, and Deep Ecologists have in common?

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Q: Briefly explain deep ecology.

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Q: Briefly explain how over human history the scope of who and what humans are ethically concerned about has changed. How are these changes linked with the historical trends in our economy and culture?

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Q: Toronto's greenbelt, created by the government of Ontario, is a means of ________. A) developing more golf courses in the region B) containing urban development while protecting natural or agricultural lands in the area C) ensuring greenery within and around the City of Toronto D) replanting trees where vacant lots were once located E) restoring Toronto's closed landfill sites by covering them with soil and replanting with trees

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Q: Curitiba, Brazil, has shown us that ________. A) unregulated urban sprawl produces severe air pollution B) a walkable city centre and an expanded bus system can solve a large city's traffic congestion C) once roads are widened, traffic congestion decreases D) prohibition of motorized vehicles in urban areas reduces pollution and saves energy E) traffic flows smoothly once pedestrians and bicycles are eliminated

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Q: What is a downside of establishing urban growth boundaries (UGB)?

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Q: The reason why many cities have established an urban growth boundary (UGB) is ________.

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