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Question
Continents are, on average, about 2 km higher than sea level.Answer
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Cleavage is related to the internal structure of a mineral.
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A mineral can be composed entirely of one element.
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A) coal
B) ice
C) helium gas
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A naturally occurring concentration of one or more metallic minerals that can be extracted economically is a(n) ________.
A) reserve
B) ore
C) resource
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A) luster
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What does the tendency of micas to produce thin cleavage flakes suggest about its crystal structure?
A) The crystal structure is characterized by complex polymerized mats that form a sheetlike structure.
B) The structure is characterized by rings that form an interlocking network, forming planar sheets.
C) The structure is produced by flow in the igneous rock, aligning glass layers within the crystal structure.
D) The atoms are arranged in orderly arrangements that form strongly bonded sheets separated by weak bonds between the sheets.
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Use the Periodic table below to answer the following questions: When electrons are shared amongst all atoms, the resulting bond is a(n) ________ bond.
A) covalent
B) ionic
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Use the Periodic table below to answer the following questions: Element 20, Ca, has what chemical property?
A) It behaves as a metal ion, giving up two electrons to form a +2 ion.
B) It tends to form covalent bonds and an ion with a charge of +1.
C) It behaves as a nonmetal, accepting electrons to form an ion with charge -2.
D) It tends to be inert, and thus is dispersed throughout the crust.
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Which electrons are responsible for most chemical bonding?
A) outer electron shell because these electrons can be readily exchanged with adjacent atoms
B) innermost electron shell because the electrons can be transferred to the nucleus
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D) Any electron can exchange with adjacent atoms to form a bond; there is no preference.
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Internally, the earth consists of spherical shells with different compositions and densities.
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Which of the following is not a system?
A) the biosphere
B) soil, plants, rock, soil organisms, and animals
C) the study of minerals
D) the Pacific Ocean and the west coast of North America
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What is the source of the energy that powers the Earth system?
A) the Sun
B) heat from Earth's interior
C) both A and B
D) none of the above
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B) positive feedback mechanisms
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B) oceanic ridges
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Shield areas in continental interiors are characterized by ________.
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B) flat areas that include rocks older than 1 billion years old
C) flat river valleys that cut through older mountain ranges
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Flat, stable areas of continental crust tend to be located ________.
A) along coastlines
B) near desert regions
C) in the interior of continents
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A major cause of the differences in elevation between ocean basins and continents is ________.
A) viscosity
B) temperature
C) density
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The Andes Mountains in South America are formed by ________.
A) subduction
B) sea floor spreading
C) back-arc contraction
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Which of the following layers in the earth has the highest density?
A) Lithosphere
B) Asthenosphere
C) Lower mantle
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Oceanic crust is generated at ________.
A) hot spots on the sea floor, like Iceland
B) spreading ridges
C) convergent plate margins
D) transform plate margins