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Question
Define theory and hypothesis. Illustrate your answer with an example.
Answer
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Related questions
Q:
The _____ consists of links between a social setting in which an individual does not have an active role and the individual's immediate context.
A.
microsystem
B.
mesosystem
C.
exosystem
D.
Q:
A recent television documentary concluded that, from birth, girls are more nurturing than are boys. Daniel agrees with this because he believes nurturing is an evolutionary trait passed on through the generations, because females needed to be more nurturing to aid the survival of the species. Daniels view reflects the _____ perspective of development.
A.
ideological
B.
clinical
C.
ethological
D.
Q:
Bandura's most recent model of learning and development includes three elements: behavior, environment, and:
A.
person/cognition.
B.
culture.
C.
education level.
D.
Q:
Amir is 18 months old. According to Piagets theory, he is in which of the following stages of cognitive development?
A.
Preoperational
B.
Sensorimotor
C.
Formal operational
D.
Q:
Jessica, 16, is in the process of deciding what she wants to study in college. She wants to be an engineer one day and a painter the next day. Erik Erikson would say Jessica is in the _____ stage of development.
A.
intimacy versus isolation
B.
identity versus identity confusion
C.
initiative versus guilt
D.
Q:
Edwin was a neglected child in his infancy. Now, at 31 years of age, he is highly cynical about the world and feels that no one can be relied upon. Whenever he is in a relationship with a woman, he has tremendous feelings of suspicion toward his partner, and these feelings eventually lead to the breakup of the relationship. According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, this is a good indication that Edwin did not successfully resolve the _____ stage of development, which in turn is causing him to experience _____ in his current developmental stage.
A.
identity versus identity confusion; stagnation
B.
trust versus mistrust; isolation
C.
autonomy versus shame and doubt; confusion
D.
Q:
McKenzie, age 2, wants to do everything on her own. Her mother punishes her when she attempts to pour her own milk or tries to answer the phone. Erikson would say that McKenzie is likely to develop a sense of:
A.
inferiority.
B.
autonomy.
C.
stagnation.
D.
Q:
Dr. Drew is a scientist interested in the effects of music on cognitive development. Which of the following describes the sequence he should go through?
A.
Collect data, conceptualize a process or problem to be studied, analyze data, and draw conclusions.
B.
Conceptualize a process or problem to be studied, collect data, analyze data, and draw conclusions.
C.
Collect data, analyze data, conceptualize a process or problem to be studied, and draw conclusions.
D.
Q:
The _____ issue involves the degree to which early traits and characteristics persist through life or alter.
A.
growth-decline
B.
stability-change
C.
traits-characteristics
D.
Q:
In predicting an adult woman's behavior, it may be more important to know that she is the mother of a 3-year-old child than to know whether she is 20 or 30 years old. This reflects the concept of:
A.
chronological age.
B.
social age.
C.
psychological age.
D.
Q:
Sharon is a 30-year-old stay-at-home mother to a toddler. Life-span developmentalists would consider her to be:
A.
in the second age of prime adulthood.
B.
transitioning from early adulthood to middle adulthood.
C.
a middle-aged woman.
D.
Q:
_____ has the longest span of any period of development and the number of people in this age group has been increasing dramatically.
A.
Middle and late childhood
B.
Adolescence
C.
Middle adulthood
D.
Q:
Travis spends a great deal of time working and trying to establish his career. He is also wondering if he should move in with his girlfriend and about their long-term prospects. Travis is most likely in the _____ period of development.
A.
late adolescence
B.
early adulthood
C.
middle adulthood
D.
Q:
_____ is a time of establishing personal and economic independence, career development, and, for many, selecting a mate, learning to live with someone in an intimate way, starting a family, and rearing children.
A.
Early adulthood
B.
Late adolescence
C.
Middle adulthood
D.
Q:
Joey has shot up in height over the past year, has developed a deeper voice, and is starting to grow facial hair. He is preoccupied with the pursuit of independence and identity and is spending more time with friends and less with family. Which of the following periods of development is Joey in?
A.
Middle childhood
B.
Adolescence
C.
Early adulthood
D.
Q:
Mary is three years-old, and in preschool. Identify the development period that Mary is currently in.
A.
Infancy
B.
Early childhood
C.
Middle childhood
D.
Q:
The _____ period is the time from conception to birth.
A.
perinatal
B.
prenatal
C.
neonatal
D.
Q:
_____ processes refer to changes in the individual's thought, intelligence, and language.
A.
Cognitive
B.
Biological
C.
Socioemotional
D.
Q:
_____ is(are) a national government's course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citizens.
A.
Social policy
B.
Generational policy
C.
Cultural legislation
D.
Q:
_____ encompasses the behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a particular group of people that are passed on from generation to generation.
A.
Culture
B.
Genotype
C.
Phenotype
D.
Q:
Influences that generally affect a generation (for example, the effect of the Vietnam war on the baby boomers) are considered _____ influences.A.nonnormative multidirectionalB.normative age-gradedC.nonnormative age-gradedD.normative history-graded
Q:
"You can't teach an old dog new tricks". This old saying refutes Paul Baltes' life-span perspective that views development as being:A.plastic.B.multidisciplinary.C.lifelong.D.contextual.
Q:
If you subscribe to Paul Baltes' perspective of life-span development, which of the following statements would you NOT agree with?A.Development is lifelongB.Development is unidirectionalC.Development is plasticD.Development is contextual
Q:
The life expectancy in the United States is currently:A.60 years.B.78 years.C.85 years.D.53 years.
Q:
On your first day of class, Professor Red-Elk claims that for too long we have focused on the development of young children, especially infants. She argues that the development of adults and elderly people is just as important. This professor is articulating a(n) _____ approach.A.evolutionaryB.constructivistC.normativeD.life-span
Q:
What is a complex molecule, with a double helix shape, that contains genetic information?
Q:
What is the psychological perspective that emphasizes the importance of adaptation, reproduction, and "survival of the fittest" in shaping human behavior?
Evolutionary psychology
Q:
Name the theorist who published On the Origin of Species, in 1859, that outlined his/her theory of natural selection.
Q:
Brad is an athletic boy who is on every sport team in school. Stephen loves math and is part of his school's math club. These instances reflect _____ correlations that occur when children seek out environments that they find compatible and stimulating.
A.
passive genotype-environment
B.
evocative genotype-environment
C.
active (niche-picking) genotype-environment
D.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding the differences between outcomes for adopted and nonadopted children?
A.
Nonadopted children are likely to experience more school-related problems than adopted children.
B.
Children who are adopted very early in their lives are more likely to have positive outcomes than children adopted later in life.
C.
Adoptees were no more likely to be using mental health services than their nonadopted counterparts.
D.