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Question
Each of the following statements violates at least one of the criteria for effective supporting materials. Explain the flaw (or flaws) in each statement.
a. According to the Department of Health and Human Services, last year there were 6,157,246 students enrolled in American colleges and universities. For the first time in American history, women outnumbered men on campus52 percent to 48 percent. Moreover, a recent magazine reports that 35 percent of all college students are now over the age of thirty.
b. A random poll taken recently in Washington, D.C., showed that 78 percent of those interviewed opposed term limitations on U.S. senators and representatives. Clearly, then, the American people oppose such limitations.
c. In the words of one observer, As we enter the new millennium, the American public school system is just not working as it should. For example, in 1979 national test scores in English, math, and science were all lower than in 1969. As further evidence, test scores in the local school district declined by 10 percent during the 1980s.
Answer
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Related questions
Q:
As your textbook explains, if you want to persuade a skeptical audience, you need to
a. organize the speech in Monroes motivated sequence.
b. urge the audience to take immediate action.
c. circulate an audience-analysis questionnaire.
d. answer the reasons for the audiences skepticism.
e. focus your speech on questions of practicality.
Q:
According to your textbook, you should think of your persuasive speech as
a. essentially the same as a commemorative speech.
b. a kind of mental dialogue with the audience.
c. less challenging than speaking to inform.
d. all of the above.
e. b and c only.
Q:
According to your textbook, persuasive speakers have an ethical obligation to
a. learn about all sides of an issue.
b. use visual aids when discussing practicality.
c. present their evidence fairly and accurately.
d. all of the above.
e. a and c only.
Q:
According to your textbook, persuasive speakers have an ethical obligation to
a. make sure their goals are ethically sound.
b. learn about all sides of an issue.
c. present their evidence fairly and accurately.
d. all of the above.
e. a and b only.
Q:
T F Monroes motivated sequence is most appropriate for persuasive speeches on questions of value.
Q:
T F The burden of proof rests with the persuasive speaker who advocates change.
Q:
T F When you give a persuasive speech on a question of policy, you can seek either passive agreement or immediate action from your audience.
Q:
T F Questions of policy inevitably incorporate questions of fact.
Q:
T F To persuade my audience that cloning human beings is morally unjustifiable is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of value.
Q:
T F Once you go beyond arguing right or wrong to arguing that something should or should not be done, you are moving from a question of opinion to a question of value.
Q:
T F To persuade my audience that Lee Harvey Oswald was the sole assassin of President John F. Kennedy is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of fact.
Q:
T F Persuasion is a psychological process in which listeners engage in a mental dialogue with the speaker.
Q:
Identify and explain the three basic issues of persuasive speeches on questions of policy. What determines how much attention you should give to each issue in a specific speech?
Q:
What does it mean to say that audiences engage in a mental dialogue with the speaker as they listen to a persuasive speech? What implications does this mental dialogue have for a speaker who seeks to persuade skeptical listeners?
Q:
Why is speaking to persuade more difficult than speaking to inform?
Q:
The following set of main points for a persuasive speech on a question of policy follows which pattern of organization?
I. Installing filtering software on computers in homes, schools, and public libraries is a more effective way of controlling childrens access to Internet pornography than is parental monitoring.
II. Installing filtering software on computers in homes, schools, and public libraries is a more effective way of controlling childrens access to Internet pornography than are government regulations.
a. need-plan-practicality
b. Monroes motivated sequence
c. problem-cause-solution
d. comparative advantages
e. relative solutions
Q:
Which of the following statements is most clearly directed at the practicality issue in a persuasive speech on a question of policy?
a. My solution has three major steps.
b. We can no longer ignore the seriousness of the problem.
c. There are three ways to judge the morality of capital punishment.
d. If my plan is adopted, it will be less expensive than the current system.
e. If the government knew what it was doing, we wouldnt be in this mess.
Q:
In a speech seeking to persuade her audience to support the citys ban on unlimited drink specials at local bars, Darlene used examples and statistics to demonstrate the seriousness of binge drinking as a problem on college campuses. Which of the three basic issues of persuasive speeches on questions of policy did Darlene address in this part of her speech?
a. need
b. fact
c. action
d. value
e. plan
Q:
To persuade my audience that more-stringent privacy safeguards should be required of social networking sites is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of
a. attitude.
b. policy.
c. value.
d. opinion.
e. fact.
Q:
To persuade my audience that prostitution should be legalized is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of
a. value.
b. policy.
c. opinion.
d. fact.
e. attitude.
Q:
To persuade my audience that cable companies should not be allowed to own TV stations and networks is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of
a. policy.
b. opinion.
c. attitude.
d. fact.
e. value.
Q:
To persuade my audience to take a class that will teach them CPR is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of
a. fact.
b. attitude.
c. value.
d. policy.
e. opinion.
Q:
To persuade my audience that it is morally wrong to deny public services to illegal immigrants is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of
a. policy.
b. fact.
c. opinion.
d. attitude.
e. value.
Q:
According to your textbook, To persuade my audience that doctor-assisted suicide is morally acceptable is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of
a. fact.
b. policy.
c. judgment.
d. health.
e. value.
Q:
As your textbook explains, whenever you give a persuasive speech on a question of value, you need to
a. concentrate on convincing listeners who already share your view.
b. organize the speech according to Monroes motivated sequence.
c. conclude your speech by urging the audience to take immediate action.
d. deal with all three basic issues of need, plan, and practicality.
e. justify your value judgment against a set of standards or criteria.
Q:
Explain why informative speakers should be wary of overestimating their audiences knowledge about the topic. What steps should a speaker take when preparing an informative speech to make sure the speech does not go over the heads of the audience?
Q:
What are the four types of informative speeches discussed in your textbook? Give an example of an effective specific purpose statement for each type.
Q:
If you were giving an informative speech about the major stages in building the Great Wall of China, you would probably organize your speech in _______________ order.
Q:
According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of
fallacy?
Almost every state in the U.S. has laws permitting citizens to carry concealed weapons. The popularity of these laws shows that allowing people to carry concealed weapons is good public policy.
a. false cause
b. red herring
c. invalid analogy
d. slippery slope
e. bandwagon
Q:
According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of
fallacy?
The best-tasting cola is obviously Coke. More people buy Coke than any other brand.
a. bandwagon
b. appeal to loyalty
c. invalid syllogism
d. appeal to tradition
e. either-or