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Question
How would you connect the concepts of the overproduction of synaptic connections and their subsequent retraction, or pruning, with the nature-versus-nurture issue?
Nearly twice as many synaptic connections are made as will ever be used. The connections that are used become strengthened and survive, while the unused ones are replaced by other pathways or disappear. In the language of neuroscience, these connections will be "pruned". For example, the more babies engage in physical activity or use language, the more those pathways will be strengthened. This indicates that while brain development is initially a product of genes (or nature), in time, the environment (or nurture) will also partly determine the course of brain development. Thus, both heredity and environment are thought to influence the timing and course of synaptic overproduction and subsequent retraction.
Answer
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