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Question
In a biological sense, what is adaptation?Answer
Will varyRelated questions
Q:
Which of the following is not associated with the development of food production?
a. Measles
b. Tuberculosis
c. Influenza
d. Low populations
e. Malnutrition
Q:
Our digestive systems are well adapted to being
a. hunter gatherers
b. pizza eaters
c. couch potatoes
d. farmers
e. scientists
Q:
At the global level, the biggest environmental problem we currently face concerns
a. multicropping different crops in a single agricultural plot
b. diseases attacking domesticated fowl and mammals
c. increasing population growth among developing countries
d. climate change
e. so-called "environmentally friendly" but destructive technological approaches to meeting food demands
Q:
By the year 1800, the Industrial Revolution was well under way and there were about __________persons per square mile; two centuries later there were __________persons per square mile.
a. 250; 500
b. 30; 10
c. 7; 24
d. 10; 1000
e. 18; 105
Q:
Bioarchaeological studies have shown that overall health quality
a. declined with the development of agriculture.
b. improved with the development of agriculture.
c. declined in great part due to the lack of mosquito control.
d. improved with the lifestyles related to domesticated animals.
e. among farmers was better than among hunter-gatherers.
Q:
What role did marine resource exploitation have in the emergence of political complexity in South America?
Q:
What is a state? What characteristics set it apart from other forms of social organization?
Q:
The Ubaid period represents the initial settlement of the Tigris and Euphrates floodplain.
Q:
The large temple complexes found at Sechin Alto and other related sites in Peru likely served as:
a. local "corporate" centers
b. local market centers
c. regional ceremonial and market centers
d. shrines for large numbers of local populations
e. education centers
Q:
Which Mesoamerican group filled the vacuum caused by the decline of Teotihuacn?
a. Inca
b. Toltecs
c. Aztecs
d. Maya
e. Olmec
Q:
Most of the content of most early Sumerian writing does not concern
a. administrative records
b. economic issues
c. legal accounts
d. mythic narratives
e. matters typical of complex bureaucratic societies
Q:
The ziggurat, is typically associated with which ancient civilization?
a. Sumerian
b. Egyptian
c. Qin dynasty
d. Indus Valley
e. Mayan
Q:
Which of the following best describes the nature of Sumerian political organization?
a. large, loosely organized confederations of allied cities
b. autonomous city-states with smaller satellite communities and associated cropland
c. a single empire based in Uruk city
d. two independent societies located along the Upper and Lower Euphrates
e. large urban centers and autonomous rural farming communities
Q:
Modern day Iraq is better known to archaeologists studying Old World civilizations as a part of the region of
a. India
b. China
c. Mesopotamia
d. Europe
e. Egypt
Q:
What common factor does Bruce Trigger propose all early civilizations share?
a. comparable periods of environmental change
b. the presence of increasingly limited access to information
c. the need to manage increasingly complex societies through political and administrative institutions
d. all early civilizations emerged in the same basic type of environment
e. less top-down management
Q:
Discuss the development of domestication in the Old World. What domesticates are developed, and what seem to be the underlying motivations for the shift from a hunting and gathering lifestyle to one based on food production?
Q:
What challenges are present in tracing Africa's Neolithic past?
Q:
What features define a cultural theory of domestication? Provide an example to illustrate your answer.
Q:
Macrofossils do not typically survive even where macrofossils can.
Q:
Environmental explanations of domestication typically propose that some change altered a population's ability to feed its members.
Q:
Which statement(s) best describe the nature of domestication and cultivation in the southwest United States?
a. When compared to eastern North America it represents an independent center of domestication.
b. It did not include crops such as maize and beans.
c. The earliest domesticates included barley.
d. Reliance on domesticated products failed to support increased populations.
e. One regional tradition developed as a result.
Q:
Which of the following does NOT represent a New World domesticate?
a. maize
b. barley
c. potatoes
d. peanuts
e. quinoa
Q:
The switch from hunting and gathering to agriculture in Egypt has been explained as the result of
a. diffusion from the Near East
b. increasing sedentism
c. population nucleation along the Nile due to reduced rainfall
d. the lack of sufficient animal resources
e. profuse pastures across the region
Q:
Domestication may be evident in what aspect of archaeological herd demography?
a. an abundance of young males
b. the predominance of prime-age females
c. equal distribution of males and females
d. equal distribution of all age and sex classes
e. primarily older males and juvenile females
Q:
A cultigen is defined as
a. a domesticated plant under human control
b. an animal species which is dependent on humans
c. a wild plant which is predisposed to domestication
d. the symbiotic relationship between humans and plants
e. a society which raises domesticated plants
Q:
What factor would not have likely influenced or predisposed wild grass seeds to unconscious modification by gatherers?
a. seeds tend to exhibit a great deal of genetic variability
b. seeds occur in dense stands
c. seeds exhibit quick reproductive rates
d. rachis normally becomes dry and brittle, enabling the seed to break away easily
e. seeds from genetic variants end up in the gathering basket less often
Q:
Which of the following is NOT evidence that supports the Bering Land Bridge model for the peopling of the New World?
A. the age estimates for the earliest humans in North and South America
B. close geographic proximity of northeastern Asia and northwestern North America
C. presence of the Beringia "land bridge; during the late Pleistocene
D. the documented Pleistocene migration of animals along this route
E. the linguistic and genetic similarities of Asian and Native American populations
Q:
Which theory for the settlement of the New World relies on a passage using canoes, rafts, or forms of water transport?
a. North Atlantic Ice-Edge Corridor
b. Pacific Coastal Route
c. Bering Land Bridge
d. Australia Connection
e. Asian Land-Sea Bridge
Q:
Before hominins made stone tools, they probably
a. used sticks or other perishable materials
b. had weapons made of metal
c. made tools from ivory
d. used pottery
e. took tools from other nonhuman primates
Q:
What is ethnoarchaeology and its value to the overall understanding of the archaeological record?