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Question
One of the ways that Just-In-Time (or JIT) influences quality is that by reducing inventory, bad quality is exposed.
Answer
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Related questions
Q:
Identify JIT scheduling tactics.
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What is a kanban?
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What three things does the Toyota Production System (TPS) emphasize?
Q:
__________ is any deviation from the optimum process that delivers perfect product on time, every time.
Q:
A university has several technicians in the repair station to care for the computers in the student labs. This system is most likely
A) single channel, limited queue system
B) single channel, limited population system
C) multi-channel, limited queue system
D) multi-channel, limited population system
E) none of the above
Q:
A university has only one technician in the repair station to care for the computers in the student labs. This system is most likely
A) a single channel, limited queue system
B) a single channel, limited population system
C) a multi-channel, limited queue system
D) a multi-channel, limited population system
E) none of the above
Q:
The sign at the bank that reads "Wait here for the first available teller" suggests the use of a __________ waiting line system.
A) dynamic-channel
B) random-channel
C) single channel
D) multi-channel
E) multiple line
Q:
The source population is considered to be either __________ in its size.
A) finite or infinite
B) fixed or variable
C) known or unknown
D) random or scheduled
E) small or large
Q:
The common measures of a queuing system's performance include
A) probability that the service facility will be idle, average queue length, probability that the waiting time will exceed a specified duration
B) average time each customer spends in the system, probability that the service system will be idle, average time each customer spends in the queue
C) average queue length, maximum time a customer may spend in the queue, the utilization factor for the system
D) average time each customer spends in the system, maximum queue length, probability of a specific number of customers in the system
E) none of the above
Q:
The cost of waiting decreases as the service level increases.
Q:
If the service time within a queuing system is constant, the service rate can be easily described by a negative exponential distribution.
Q:
A hospital emergency room always follows a first-in, first-served queue discipline in the interest of fairness.
Q:
A manufacturer of semiconductor "wafers" has been attempting to convert its operations to practices more in keeping with JIT principles. The firm is now paying much more attention to the transit time between one processing stage and the next. The plant has a somewhat haphazard pattern of machine locations, partly because the machines were purchased and installed at different times, partly from a shortage of floor space, and partly from previous experiments with work cells. The bottom line is this: there are four machines that perform a certain processing phase, and three machines that perform the next phase. All units of a large class of wafers go through these two phases. The table below displays the transit time, in minutes, from each machine of the first phase to each machine of the second. Machine 3 is not really 100 minutes away from machine B; the company has prohibited that combination because of quality problems associated with that specific pairing. Supply and demand quantities are in wafers processed per week. Develop a transit time minimizing solution for this firm. What is the total transit time of this solution? Which machines are fully utilized? Which machines have some capacity unused or requirements unfilled? Was the prohibition on the 3-B combination honored?
Q:
In formulating a transportation problem, you discover that one of the route combinations is forbidden by contract, or prohibited by law, or ruled out by company policy. How would you indicate the cost of that cell in preparing the problem to be solved?
Q:
The larger a transportation problem (that is, as the problem has more rows and more columns), the smaller the fraction of all possible routes that will be filled in a solved problem. Explain.
Q:
What purpose does the northwest-corner rule serve?
Q:
What is transportation modeling?
Q:
Suppose the solution for a transportation model fills 5 cells with quantities to be shipped. Which of the following combinations of sources and destinations would be degenerate?
A) 2 sources, 4 destinations
B) 3 sources, 3 destinations
C) 4 sources, 2 destinations
D) 5 sources, 1 destination
E) None of the above are degenerate.
Q:
Total demand for a transportation model is 15 while total supply is 20. Which of the following should be included?
A) a dummy source of 20 units
B) a dummy destination of 5 units
C) a dummy source of 5 units
D) a dummy destination of 20 units
E) none of the above
Q:
A transportation problem has improvement indices of 5, 4, 0, and -3. Which of the following is always true?
A) The transportation model is at its ideal solution.
B) The transportation model is at a feasible solution.
C) The total cost saved by changing one unit on the route with an improvement index of 5 would be $5.
D) The transportation matrix has four empty squares.
E) Both B and D
Q:
Consider the transportation problem and its initial solution in the table below. What is the improvement index for the empty cell Source 1 Destination 3? A) 0
B) -14
C) -23
D) -70
E) 115
Q:
In a minimization problem, a positive improvement index in a cell indicates that
A) the solution is optimal
B) the total cost will increase if units are reallocated to that cell
C) there is degeneracy
D) the total cost will decrease if units are reallocated to that cell
E) the problem has no feasible solution
Q:
"Quality Is Free," meaning that the costs of poor quality have been understated, is the work of
A) W. Edwards Deming
B) Joseph M. Juran
C) Philip B. Crosby
D) Crosby, Stills, and Nash
E) Armand Feigenbaum
Q:
Quality can improve profitability by reducing costs. Which of the following is not an aspect of reduced costs by quality improvements?
A) flexible pricing
B) increased productivity
C) lower rework and scrap costs
D) lower warranty costs
E) All of the above are aspects of reduced costs by quality improvements.
Q:
Continuous improvement is based on the philosophy that every aspect of an operation can be improved.
Q:
Quality is mostly the business of the quality control staff, not ordinary employees.
Q:
Learning curves can be applied to a variety of purposes internal to a firm, including
A) labor forecasting
B) scheduling
C) establishing costs
D) establishing budgets
E) all of these
Q:
The arithmetic approach (or successive doubling approach) to learning curve calculations allows us to determine the hours required for any unit.