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Questions
Q:
Facebook has approximately what fraction of the world's population as customers?A. one-halfB. one-thirdC. one-quarterD. one-fifthE. one-seventh
Q:
When shopping on the Internet, most consumers assume their personal information is confidential. Subscribers to America Online (AOL) were upset when AOL proposed giving member information to its partners without telling them. This is related most directly to consumers' right toA. be heard.B. be treated courteously.C. safety.D. happiness.E. be informed.
Q:
A Pressure-Assist Flushing System for toilets, which uses air and water pressure to ensure a powerful flush, can burst inside toilet tanks, releasing stored pressure, according to the Consumer Product Safety Commission. It was recently recalled following 14 reports of injuries. This action protected consumers' right toA. safety.B. be informed.C. be heard.D. choose.E. be treated courteously.
Q:
Cosco, the world's largest children's products company, recently sold a high chair that could be used as an infant feeding seat, a youth chair, a play chair, a booster chair, and when reclined, an infant bed for $49. The prototypes had been tested by Cosco employees who had small children, but this was the only product testing performed. Once sold, several children were injured and some died as a result of using the chair. Cosco was charged with being unconcerned about consumers' right toA. choose.B. be informed.C. be treated courteously.D. safety.E. happiness.
Q:
The Consumer Bill of Rights refers to a law thatA. codified the ethics of exchange between manufacturers, distributors, and suppliers, including the right to be paid.B. codified the ethics of exchange between manufacturers, distributors, and suppliers, including the rights to safe working conditions, fair pay, and collaborative decision making.C. codified the ethics of exchange between buyers and sellers, including the rights to safety, to be informed, to choose, and to be heard.D. guaranteed consumers the right to be compensated through replacement, repair, or reimbursement for products that fail to perform as promised by the manufacturer.E. guaranteed consumers the rights that are enumerated in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
Q:
In the private purchase of a used car, __________ places the burden on the buyer to make sure the car is worth the price, so it is advisable to take the car first to a mechanic. Once the transaction is complete the buyer will not receive a warranty or return option from the seller.A. modus operandiB. caveat emptorC. de facto marketingD. u00c4u2021est la vieE. anguis in herba
Q:
Caveat emptor refers toA. the legal concept of "u02dclet the buyer beware,' which was pervasive in the American business culture prior to the 1960s.B. the marketing concept of "u02dcbe first or be last,' implying that the first company to the marketplace wins.C. the Latin term meaning that "u02dcall is fair in love and war,' an attitude that was held by most marketers prior to the 1990s.D. the legal concept of "u02dcsuch is life,' which created many illegal as well as legal but unethical business practices during the 1980s.E. the Latin phrase meaning "u02dcempty promises,' which was a charge placed upon many firms during the period after WWII when products failed to meet their marketing claims.
Q:
The Latin phrase caveat emptor is a legal concept that translates asA. Cash on delivery.B. Let the buyer beware.C. Let's make a deal.D. Be informed.E. Such is life.
Q:
Ethical exchanges between sellers and buyers should result inA. the seller making a profit at the expense of the buyer.B. the buyer getting the product for the best price at the expense of the seller.C. both parties to the exchange being better off after a transaction.D. the seller offering buyers its products and services at cost, especially during a period of recession.E. the buyer forming a strategic alliance with the seller.
Q:
As the use of the Internet grows around the world, related practices and laws are evolving. One important issue is opt-in versus opt-out. In general, European websites have opt-in policies while U.S. websites have opt-out policies. Opt-in means customers must ask to be involved in data collection and marketing while opt-out companies automatically include customers in data collection unless the customer specifically asks not to be included. Europeans believe it is unethical to invade someone's privacy. Americans are not nearly as protective of their right to privacy. What ethical factor is illustrated by this example?A. industry practicesB. social legislationC. societal culture and normsD. changes it international lawE. organizational culture and expectations
Q:
Copyrights, trademarks, and patents are viewed as intellectual property. In the U.S., unauthorized use, reproduction, or distribution of intellectual property is illegal. Yet in China, copying enjoys a long tradition and does not carry a stigma. For example, copying a masterpiece was historically considered an art form in its own right. The difference between the countries shows that __________ affect(s) the perception of ethical behavior held in each.A. business cultureB. industry practicesC. corporate cultureD. corporate expectationsE. societal culture and norms
Q:
Culture serves as a socializing force that dictates what is morally right and just, which means that moral standardsA. are relative to particular societies.B. must be universal in order for cross-cultural marketing to be effective.C. are fluid and very easy to change.D. are cyclical so it is important to change with the times.E. are concrete; something is either right or wrong.
Q:
Culture serves as a socializing force thatA. reflects the will of the largest or most powerful minority.B. is determined by the largest generational group at a given point in time.C. becomes the basis of all legislation - federal, state, and local - in societies around the world.D. expresses the diverse backgrounds of a nation's subcultures.E. dictates what is morally right and just.
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Culture refers toA. the set of values, ideas, and attitudes that are learned and shared among members of a group.B. the music, art, theater, etc. that reflects the values of an entire nation.C. the learned behaviors of a specific racial, ethnic, or religious group based on commonly shared ethical principles and protected by laws.D. the combination of beliefs and behaviors accepted as correct regardless of a person's age, sex, race, or religion.E. the set of values, ideas, attitudes, and norms of behavior that is learned and shared among the members of an organization.
Q:
Ethics refers to theA. religious tenets of a country or ethnic region that shape its culture.B. social norms of a nation, community, or family.C. values and standards of society that are enforceable in the courts.D. moral principles and values that govern the actions and decisions of an individual or group.E. universal laws of man that go beyond individual or a group's beliefs of nations or religions.
Q:
Better Business Bureau (BBB) Accredited Business LogoWhen a firm or business displays the Better Business Bureau (BBB) Accredited Business logo (see logo above) on its store window or website, it assures consumers thatA. the company's products comply with current safety standards set by the Consumer Product Safety Commission.B. it is a member of a voluntary alliance of companies whose goal is to help maintain fair business practices.C. the firm has met the standards for qualification as a green marketing firm.D. the firm takes a proactive stance on diversity in the workplace.E. the company incorporates sustainable business practices.
Q:
The Better Business BureauA. is the best-known federal agency involved in monitoring self-regulation of competing businesses.B. has a great deal of legal power to force a company to comply with its regulations.C. cannot be involved with Internet commerce.D. is a voluntary alliance of companies whose goal is to help maintain fair practices.E. is the agency that oversees advertising that runs on television programs.
Q:
One of the problems associated with self-regulation isA. the lack of a written code of ethics by firms in the industry.B. the intrusive enforcement by the FTC.C. the opportunity corporate for espionage by competitors.D. the absence of an industry association with persuasive power.E. noncompliance by members.
Q:
Self-regulation refers toA. governmental guidelines that suggests what is legal and ethical and what is not.B. a self-imposed set of rules set by a specific industry watchdog group that dictates legal and ethical behaviors.C. an alternative to government control where an industry attempts to police itself.D. voluntary compliance to governmental rules and regulations set for a specific industry.E. a set of rules created and enforced by the FTC to which all members of an industry voluntarily agree to comply.
Q:
Generics Photo
In the Generics photo above, the manufacturers of these products are concerned that their brand names will become generic. The legislation most likely to address this issue is the __________.
A. Sherman Antitrust Act
B. Patent Act
C. Clayton Act
D. Lanham Act
E. The FTC Act
Q:
3M Post-it Flag+ Highlighter TrademarkThe __________ provides for registration of a company's trademark, such as the 3M Post-it Flag+ Highlighter Trademark above. Note the registered trademark symbol shown in the Post-it Brand logo.A. Patent ActB. Clayton ActC. Sherman Antitrust ActD. Lanham ActE. The FTC Act
Q:
The popular cupcake chain Sprinkles, which first launched in Southern California in 2005, recently settled a trademark infringement lawsuit against a Connecticut bakery that was calling itself Pink Sprinkles. The latter was forced to change its name to Pink Cupcake Shack because it was apparently violating provisions of theA. Consumer Product Safety Act.B. Consumer Bill of Rights.C. Lanham Act.D. Sherman Antitrust Act.E. CAN-SPAM Act.
Q:
The Lanham Act cannot protect the rights to a trademark ifA. the company is accused of violating the Sherman Antitrust Act.B. the product patent is less than 17 years old.C. the word, name, or symbol has become generic.D. the statute of limitations has run out.E. the government refuses to enforce violations.
Q:
The two major purposes for any trademark statute are toA. (1) protect the investment of energy, time, and money that the owner of a trademark has invested in the development of the product and (2) guarantee the owner of the trademark complete rights to his work for the duration of the owner's lifetime.B. (1) protect the inventor's individual rights and (2) provide the company with the maximum profits possible.C. protect the rights of the inventor both here and abroad.D. (1) protect the public so they will get the product it wants and asks for and (2) protect the government so it will be able to collect its fair share of taxes from the revenues generated.E. (1) protect the firm selling the trademarked product and (2) protect the consumer buying the product.
Q:
Recent legislation like the Telephone Consumer Protection Act and the Controlling the Assault of Non-solicited Pornography and Marketing (CAN-SPAM) Act are reforms that areA. promotion-related.B. price-related.C. distribution-related.D. self-regulated.E. product-related.
Q:
Which of the following is an action the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) can take to require a company to spend money to rectify previous misleading ads with revised information?A. corrective advertisingB. a cease and desist orderC. an advertising injunctionD. a truth in advertising orderE. comparative advertising
Q:
Which of the following legislative actions created a government entity to monitor business practices and stop unfair ones like misleading promotions?A. Robinson-Patman ActB. Consumer Product Safety ActC. Lanham ActD. Federal Trade Commission ActE. Fair Packaging and Labeling Act
Q:
Which of these laws came about as a response to the 1960s grassroots movement known as consumerism?A. Robinson-Patman ActB. Clayton ActC. Digital Millennium Copyright ActD. FTC ActE. Consumer Product Safety Act
Q:
Consumerism refers toA. a movement of conspicuous consumption that began when the World War II ended.B. conducting business in a way that protects the natural environment while making economic progress.C. a collaborative effort between buyers and sellers to create an exchange where each benefit.D. the recognition of the need for organizations to improve the state of people, the planet, and profit simultaneously if they are to achieve sustainable, long-term growth.E. the grassroots movement started in the 1960s to increase the influence, power, and rights of consumers in dealing with institutions.
Q:
All of the following federal laws are designed to protect consumers EXCEPT:A. Consumer Product Safety Act.B. FTC Act of 1914.C. Nutritional Labeling and Education Act.D. Digital Millennium Copyright Act.E. Child Protection Act.
Q:
In 1998, President Clinton signed the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, whichA. limits access of children to online material considered to be inappropriate or harmful.B. improves protection of copyrighted digital products.C. allows the government to collect taxes if printed materials are sold online.D. prevents the pirating of digital products that do not have a registered trademark.E. allows anyone with access to a computer to publish original materials online and seek remuneration (pay).
Q:
The purpose of copyright law is toA. provide incentives for increased competition.B. give inventors of new and novel products the right to exclude others from making, using, or selling products that infringe the patented invention.C. level the playing field between inventors who work for large corporations and those who work on their own.D. guarantee the quality and safety of any product produced or distributed in the United States.E. give an author of a literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic work the exclusive right to print, perform, or otherwise copy that work.
Q:
The purpose of patent law is toA. provide incentives for increased competition and lower prices by limiting the granting of patents.B. give an author of a literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic work the exclusive right to print, perform, or otherwise copy that work.C. give inventors of new and novel products the right to exclude others from making, using, or selling products that infringe the patented invention.D. guarantee the quality and safety of any product produced or distributed in the United States.E. level the playing field between inventors who work for large corporations and those who work on their own.
Q:
Which of the following laws has the purpose of protecting competition?A. Lanham ActB. Federal Trade Commission ActC. Fair Trade ActD. Unfair Practices ActE. Robinson-Patman Act
Q:
Twenty years after the Clayton Act, the growth of grocery store chains led many to fear that retail chains presented a threat to smaller, independent retailers. The federal government enacted the __________ to make it unlawful to discriminate in prices charged to different purchasers of the same product, where the effect may substantially lessen competition or help to create a monopoly.A. Fair Trade ActB. Clayton ActC. Lanham ActD. Robinson-Patman ActE. Unfair Practices Act
Q:
The purpose of the Robinson-Patman Act is toA. outlaw price discrimination for purchasers of the same product.B. encourage pure competition.C. protect inventors from having their intellectual property stolen.D. repeal the Sherman Antitrust Act.E. provide incentives for interstate commerce.
Q:
Which of the following laws has the purpose of protecting competition?A. Prevention and Enforcement ActB. Clayton ActC. Federal Trade Commission ActD. Fair Trade ActE. Unfair Practices Act
Q:
The purpose of the Clayton Act is toA. provide incentives for interstate commerce.B. forbid actions that are likely to lessen competition, although no actual harm has yet occurred.C. exact compensation from firms found guilty of violating fair trade practices.D. repeal provisions of the Sherman Antitrust Act that stifled innovation.E. strengthen the Robinson-Patman Act.
Q:
Visa and MasterCard have recently been accused of violating antitrust laws by placing restrictions on the prices these independent ATM operators can charge customers using other networks such as STAR or TransFund. Legislation that prohibits price-fixing is an example of __________ forces that affect the marketing environment.A. economicB. ecologicalC. technologicalD. regulatoryE. social
Q:
An Arizona cardiac surgery practice agreed to pay the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) a $100,000 settlement following an investigation of potential violations of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Privacy and Security Rules. The practice poste clinical and surgical appointments for its patients on an Internet-based calendar that was publicly accessible, which drew complaints for failing to protect health information of consumers. HIPAA rules are an example __________ forces in the marketing environment.A. economicB. ecologicalC. technologicalD. socialE. regulatory
Q:
Regulation refers toA. the restrictions that state and federal laws place on business with regard to the conduct of its activities.B. constraints placed on businesses for activities that are legal but unethical.C. society's values and standards that are enforceable in the courts.D. requirements concerning which customers a firm may serve or not serve.E. the moral principles and values that govern the actions and decisions of an individual or group.
Q:
Small businesses account for __________ of the gross domestic product (GDP).A. 21 percentB. 32 percentC. 44 percentD. 68 percentE. 82 percent
Q:
Small businesses employ __________ of all private sector employees.A. one quarterB. one thirdC. halfD. three quartersE. nearly all
Q:
Concern that Microsoft's 86 percent share of the PC operating system market was a __________ that limited consumers' Internet access to its Internet Explorer browser instead of offering them a choice of browser led to lawsuits and consent decrees from the U.S. Justice Department and investigations and fines from the European Union.A. pure competitionB. an oligopolyC. monopolistic competitionD. a pure monopolyE. a megopoly
Q:
In many geographic areas, there is only a single provider for gas and electric service for businesses and consumers. However, the government regulates that firm to ensure price protection for the buyer. This is an example ofA. pure competition.B. a pure monopoly.C. an oligopoly.D. monopolistic competition.E. a megopoly.
Q:
Since __________ is typically regulated by the state or federal government, marketing plays a relatively small role in this setting.A. pure competitionB. a pure monopolyC. an oligopolyD. monopolistic competitionE. a megopoly
Q:
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has designated just nine credit-rating agencies as "nationally recognized statistical rating organizations" (NRSROs), which include Moody's, Standard & Poor's, and Fitch Ratings. These agencies provide opinions on the creditworthiness of other entities and the financial obligations issued by them. Because so few companies can compete in it, the credit-rating industry would be considered a(n)A. mega monopoly.B. oligopoly.C. pure competition.D. monopolistic competition.E. monopoly.
Q:
In 2012, the four major retailers of online music include the iTunes, Spotify, Amazon, and Google Music. In terms of the form of competition, this industry is an example of a(n) __________.A. monopolyB. mega monopolyC. pure competitionD. oligopolyE. monopolistic competition
Q:
According to a recent Federal Communications Commission report, AT&T, Verizon, Sprint-Nextel, and T-Mobile control 93 percent of the subscribers in the U.S. wireless mobile phone market. Which form of competition characterizes this market?A. pure competitionB. limited competitionC. a monopolyD. an oligopolyE. monopolistic competition
Q:
During the holiday shopping season, many catalog retailers offer buyers price reductions, coupons, two-for-one deals, and/or free delivery. This is because these catalog retailers operate in a(n) __________ environment.A. pure competitionB. oligopolyC. monopolistic competitionD. monopolyE. marginal competition
Q:
The use of coupons is a frequently used marketing tactic for which form of competition?A. pure competitionB. cross-market competitionC. an oligopolyD. a monopolyE. monopolistic competition
Q:
The form of competition in which many sellers compete with substitutable products within a price range is calledA. pure competition.B. cross-market competition.C. an oligopoly.D. monopolistic competition.E. a monopoly.
Q:
__________ is the form of competition where distribution is the only element of the marketing mix that exerts much of an impact on the firm.A. Cross-market competitionB. Limited competitionC. Pure competitionD. Monopolistic competitionE. A monopoly
Q:
Agribusinesses that sell commodity products like wheat, rice, and grain are often in a(n) __________ position with their competitors.A. limited competitionB. pure competitionC. oligopolistic competitionD. monopolistic competitionE. monopolistic
Q:
A situation analysis refers toA. taking stock of where the firm or product has been recently, where it is now, and where it is headed in terms of the organization's marketing plans and the external forces and trends affecting it.B. an appraisal of an organization's cash flow and financial ratios to access its health and the potential for new investment.C. the process of continually acquiring information on events occurring outside the organization to identify and interpret potential trends.D. a technique that managers use to quantify performance measures and growth targets to analyze its clients' strategic business units as though they were separate investments.E. the process where a firm searches for growth opportunities from among current and new markets as well as current and new products.
Q:
Which of the following statements regarding Ben & Jerry's is most accurate?A. Ben & Jerry's is owned by Unilever, the market leader in the global ice cream industry.B. Ben & Jerry's is a privately owned ice cream producer.C. Ben & Jerry's prides itself on offering more ice cream flavors than its competitors.D. Ben and Jerry are not real people; the names were a clever reference to Tom and Jerry cartoon characters in order to capitalize on childhood nostalgia.E. Ben & Jerry's has only been in business for twenty years and is already the industry leader in premium ice cream.
Q:
Ben & Jerry's has earned B-Corp certification from B-Lab, which means it hasA. reached the goal of generating enough revenue to be a completely nonprofit organization.B. a sustainable financial basis of profitable growth, increasing value for our stakeholders and expanding opportunities for development and career growth for our employees.C. the goal of making profits for selected charitable organizations such as Fair Trade.D. been recognized for its efforts to use the power of business to solve social and environmental problems.E. been instrumental in expanding into international markets by developing dairies for developing nations.
Q:
Ben & Jerry's social entrepreneurship effort is known asA. ISO 9000, promoting the quality concept through its commitment to making the finest ice cream from the best ingredients.B. Sight Life, giving its stakeholders the greatest possible input into company marketing decisions.C. Regeneration Nation, generating enough revenue for the firm to be a completely nonprofit organization.D. Give and Go, donating 10% of its net profits to local charitable causes and an additional 5% to support producers that practice sustainable farming.E. Partnershops, enabling community nonprofits to operate Scoop Shops that help employ at-risk youth and young adults to better their lives.
Q:
Step 1 in the planning phase of the strategic marketing process involves __________.A. establishing the budgetB. developing the marketing programC. setting goalsD. auditing the marketing planE. conducting a situation (SWOT) analysis
Q:
Ben & Jerry's mission to improve humanity is linked to various organizational and marketing strategies, one of which isA. using milk and cream obtained from Caring Dairy, a cooperative that guarantees it suppliers are bovine growth hormone free.B. the intent of making modest profits without sacrificing high product quality standards.C. ingredients that are all completely organic and are available only in Vermont to ensure freshness and contribute to the local economy.D. a commitment to donating a percentage of profits to Teach for America.E. ingredients that come exclusively from developed countries promoting Fair Trade practices.
Q:
The initial step in the strategic marketing process is to begin planning by conducting aA. business portfolio analysis.B. market-product analysis and setting goals.C. marketing program.D. situation (SWOT) analysis.E. diversification analysis.
Q:
The key steps of planning, implementation, and evaluation are part of (the)A. gap analysis.B. strategic marketing process.C. situational analysis.D. synergy analysis.E. diversification analysis.
Q:
Within the strategic marketing process, the __________ is the result of the planning phase that proceeds to the implementation phase where it is carried out.A. marketing tacticsB. business planC. product protocolD. marketing planE. marketing strategy
Q:
The strategic marketing processA. involves taking stock of where the firm or product has been recently, where it is now, and where it is headed in terms of the organization's marketing plans and the external forces and trends affecting it.B. is a technique to quantify performance measures and growth targets to analyze its clients' strategic business units (SBUs) as though they were a collection of separate investments.C. describes an organization's appraisal of its internal strengths and weaknesses and its external opportunities and threats.D. is an approach whereby an organization allocates its marketing mix resources to reach its target markets.E. seeks opportunities by finding the optimum balance between marketing efficiencies versus R&D-manufacturing efficiencies.
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If Ben & Jerry's sold a line of new "Get the Dough Out of Politics" T-shirts targeted to college students in Latvia, it would be using a __________ strategy.A. product developmentB. market developmentC. market penetrationD. diversificationE. market saturation
Q:
Which of the marketing strategies for expanding sales revenue below presents the most risk for an organization?A. product developmentB. product-market evolutionC. market developmentD. market penetrationE. diversification
Q:
Diversification refers to the marketing strategy ofA. increasing sales of current products in current markets.B. selling current products to new markets.C. selling new products to new markets.D. selling new products to current markets.E. selling the same brands in both current and new markets.
Q:
In a BCG growth-share matrix, a relative market share of 10x at the left end of the scale on its horizontal axis means that the SBU has 10 times the share of its largest competitor, whereas a relative market share of 0.1x at the right end of the scale on its horizontal axis means thatA. the SBU has only 10 percent of the share of its average competitor.B. the SBU has 100 percent of the share of its largest competitor.C. the growth rate between the SBU and the next largest competitor is actually identical.D. the SBU has only 10 percent of the share of its largest competitor.E. the industry growth rate is declining.