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Question
Prior to the field methods employed by Augustus H.L.F. Pitt-Rivers and Flinders Petrie, archaeological fieldwork was not generally systematic or rigorous.Answer
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Related questions
Q:
Most movies depict archaeologists as __________.
A) musty old men in libraries
B) mercenaries and romantic heroes
C) politically aware
D) forensic experts
E) scientists
Q:
It was easy to determine the modern Native American descendants of Kennewick Man.
Q:
What was the immediate danger to the site at Fort Hall?
A) The Snake River was encroaching on the site
B) It was going to be wiped out by a housing development
C) SHPO needed it for a training ground
D) The local Native American tribe wanted to remove it, to reclaim the land for ritual purposes
E) The site was drying out
Q:
Mitigation can entail __________.
A) avoiding the site
B) simple recordation
C) full data recovery
D) all of the above
Q:
The UNESCO convention of 1970 __________.
A) was convened to address the international problem of illegal import, export, and transfer of artifacts
B) had the power to enforce its resolutions
C) made it illegal to sell copies of antiquities
D) concluded that there was no illegal international trade in antiquities
E) legalized the sale of common antiquities
Q:
When making decisions regarding mitigation, archaeologists consider __________.
A) only the area with the densest concentration of artifacts
B) all land area that might be affected by a project
C) only the area that contains human remains
D) only those areas with obvious surface artifacts
E) only those areas deemed historically unique
Q:
The two steps of an inventory are __________.
A) survey and data entry
B) recordation and mitigation
C) flotation and excavation
D) none of the above
Q:
Human activities that threaten archaeological sites and other cultural resources include __________.
A) looting
B) constructing housing
C) off-road recreation
D) all of the above
Q:
Laws to protect archaeological resources in the United States have been in existence since the early 1900s.
Q:
Anyone interested in the field of archaeology could become a member of the Register of Professional Archaeologists.
Q:
The National Register is administered by the National Park Service.
Q:
Public education and outreach is one of the ethical responsibilities of the professional archaeologist.
Q:
The ARPA of 1979 protects archaeological resources on public lands.
Q:
The market for illegal antiquities is primarily collectors in Third World countries.
Q:
__________ attempts to explain cultural change as the result of direct selective processes on the variation of artifact types and frequencies, resulting in the change of those types and frequencies over time.
A) Diffusionism
B) Systems theory
C) Evolutionary archaeology
D) A diachronic approach
E) Synchronic theory
Q:
__________ states that as conditions change, the way a particular cultural subsystem operates may change also, disrupting the equilibrium and necessitating changes in the other subsystems, to reach a new equilibrium.
A) Diffusionism
B) Evolutionary archaeology
C) Innovation theory
D) Synchronic theory
E) Systems theory
Q:
All of the following were buried by a volcanic eruption except __________.
A) Puerto Escondito
B) Pompeii
C) Herculaneum
D) Ceren
Q:
Research on __________ has led to new theories about migrations into the New World.
A) skeletons
B) linguistics
C) ceramics
D) lithics
E) blood groupings
Q:
Archaeologists universally accept the application of strict biological models of selection to the study of past cultures.
Q:
Evolutionary archaeologists believe that cultural traits are subjected to selective pressures.
Q:
Small-scale, non-stratified societies with foraging as their primary subsistence, and informal leadership are called __________.
A) bands
B) tribes
C) chiefdoms
D) states
E) polities
Q:
Which of the following is an example of an ancient site built with significant astronomical alignments?
A) Egyptian pyramids
B) Maya palaces
C) Stonehenge
D) all of the above
Q:
The study of past ways of thought as inferred from material remains is called __________.
A) ecological archaeology
B) social archaeology
C) cognitive archaeology
D) processual archaeology
E) post-processual archaeology
Q:
Cosmology and philosophy are based on religious beliefs, and rarely take into account empirical knowledge.
Q:
There is evidence that some Palaeolithic rock art may be calendrical in nature.
Q:
Traditional African art is easier to interpret than that of other cultures.
Q:
The earliest known intentional burials are Neanderthal, dating from the middle Palaeolithic.
Q:
The large-scale production of domesticated plants, often using animal labor or equipment such as plows is called __________.
A) intensive agriculture
B) pastoralism
C) horticulture
D) foraging
E) industrialism
Q:
Specialists who study faunal remains are called __________.
A) osteoarchaeologists
B) palynologists
C) palaeobotanists
D) zooarchaeologists
E) none of the above
Q:
All of the following are examples of botanical remains except __________.
A) wood
B) chitin
C) charcoal
D) pollen
E) seeds