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Question
Read the following scenario and answer the questions below.The United States consumes 25% of the world's petroleum. To reduce this number, the United States wants to replace transportation-related petroleum with alternative fuels. Europe and Canada followed later. For diesel vehicles, biodiesel made from vegetable oil or animal fat is an economical alternative to petroleum"‘based fuels. It is safe, biodegradable, nontoxic, and has the highest energy balance of any liquid fuel. Unlike unrefined oils that can be burned directly as fuels, biodiesel can be used in conventional diesel engines without engine modification. It reduces wear without compromising performance because of its high lubricity. It is renewable and emits far less air pollution when combusted as compared to petrodiesel. The raw material used to produce biodiesel exists in billions of gallons of vegetable oil used by restaurants each year, as well as in crops. Processing biodiesel yields an added benefit; its by"‘product, glycerine, is used to make soap. Although biodiesel burns well in pure form (B100), commonly it is blended with petrodiesel in mixtures such as B20 and B5, which reduce toxic air pollution proportional to their biodiesel content. Biodiesel is currently available at more than 2000 filling stations in Germany, and is the preferred fuel in Europe. In the United States, there are more than 600 filing stations that sell biodiesel. Demand is increasing on account of tax incentives as well as the increased price and decreased availability of petrodiesel. For example, Ontario has eliminated the 14-cent-per-litre provincial tax on biodiesel. France is currently the country where biodiesel is used the most. There, it is being used in home heating as well as in vehicles. In the United States, more than 600 domestic fleets use biodiesel, including the U.S. military, NASA, Yellowstone National Park, and local governments. In Vancouver, the Biodiesel Cooperative enables its members to purchase biodiesel. Toronto Hydro uses biodiesel in its fleets, Socit de transport de Montral (STM) and Saskatoon Transit Services are testing both B20 and B5 in their city buses. Musicians Neil Young, Bonnie Raitt, and Willie Nelson fuel their tour buses with biodiesel. Nelson sells his own brand, BioWillie Biodiesel, at many truck stops in the United States. Because biodiesel can be manufactured locally in Canada and the United States, fuel transportation costs are low, and dependence on foreign petroleum and the need for domestic oil exploration and development of sensitive wildlife areas, such as the North Shore of Alaska and the Yukon can be reduced when biodiesel is used as an alternative fuel.
Compared to other uses of biomass, biodiesel represents one of the best environmental alternatives to fossil fuels because it ________.
A) can be manufactured without the development of additional cropland agriculture
B) requires less processing than other forms of biomass
C) is the only form of biomass that reduces fossil fuel use
D) is the only form of biomass that is renewable
E) is the most available
Answer
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