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Question
Someone once remarked that a Holocaust survivor was hardly likely to be a confirmed cultural relativist. How is cultural relativism related to moral relativism? That is, can we think about the Nazis, or similar movements, in relativistic terms? Is there a role in anthropology for a universalistic conception of human rights?Answer
Will varyRelated questions
Q:
Why is it important to understand the structural power of a country?
Q:
Discuss the impact of ethnocentrism in pluralistic societies on our world today. Use specific examples to illustrate your points.
Q:
What types of pollution affect our world today, and why are they such a serious health concern?
Q:
Describe the three primary types of migration that occur.
Q:
What is a multicultural society? What are its primary characteristics?
Q:
Experts predict that global warming will result in higher levels of structural violence.
Q:
According to the World Watch Institute in Washington, D.C., more than 1.1 billion people in the world are now overweight or even obese.
Q:
The change from subsistence farming to cash crops leads to economic improvement in the countries that make this change.
Q:
The Gini Index is used by the United Nations as a way of calculating income disparity throughout the world.
Q:
Almost 7% of the world's population lives outside its country of birth.
Q:
Applied anthropologist Paul Farmer is associated with all of the following except:
a. he formed the medical group Partners in Health in Haiti.
b. he established a clinic in Haiti to help deal with infectious disease.
c. he focused his health work in Haiti on AIDS and tuberculosis.
d. he works also in Jamaica to treat refugees from war-torn areas of Central America.
e. he maintains an active practice in infectious diseases in the United States.
Q:
The demand by "developed" countries for such items as coffee, tea, chocolate, bananas, and beef has led to
a. pushing subsistence farmers off their land to make way for huge farms and ranches that specialize in cash crops.
b. an increase in food supplies in "underdeveloped" nations.
c. a return of urban workers to the land where work is now available for them.
d. a decrease in the use of pesticides, herbicides, and artificial fertilizers.
e. a narrowing of the economic gap between rich and poor in world society today.
Q:
The change from subsistence farming to cash crops
a. enables farmers to enlarge their holdings and feed their families more effectively.
b. results in the relocation of subsistence farmers to urban areas or to lands ecologically unfit for farming.
c. leads to the decline of multinational corporations.
d. supports cultural pluralism.
e. leads to revitalization.
Q:
On the Gini Index, which country rates currently at the highest level of disparity?
a. Sweden
b. United States
c. China
d. Egypt
e. Senegal
Q:
Of the nearly $1.55 trillion spent on arms worldwide, the United States is responsible for spending what percentage?
a. 21
b. 44
c. 51
d. 63
e. 96
Q:
Coercive power that is backed up by economic and military force is called
a. structural violence.
b. imposed force.
c. coercion.
d. hard power.
e. soft power.
Q:
If a farmer leaves his land behind and comes to the city to seek work, this is classified as which type of migration?
a. External
b. Internal
c. Interstate
d. Civil
e. National
Q:
In the United States, there are _____ different ethnic groups within its borders (in addition to hundreds of federally recognized American Indians).
a. 1,118
b. 406
c. 237
d. 120
e. 76
Q:
Pluralistic societies have a tendency to fragment along the lines of which type of differences?
a. Culinary
b. Linguistic
c. Institutional
d. Kinship
e. Economic
Q:
Many people see the worldwide spread of fast food giants as a sign of
a. excellent economic growth in third-world countries.
b. a coming epidemic of worldwide obesity.
c. homogeneous global culture.
d. a growth in cultural misunderstandings.
e. worldwide cheap food availability.
Q:
Why has it been suggested that it would be impossible for most peoples of the world to achieve something resembling a middle-class standard of living comparable to that of many people in the Western world in the near future?
Q:
In what ways can the rising tide of Islamic fundamentalism in the Middle East and other areas of the world be seen as revitalization movements? Are there other terms from the chapter that could apply to this phenomenon? What might anthropologists contribute to our understanding of such movements?
Q:
What is cultural loss? What role has cultural loss played between your generation and that of your parents and grandparents? Provide examples and discuss.
Q:
Discuss and evaluate each of the mechanisms involved in cultural change.
Q:
In what ways is "progress" a relative concept for anthropologists?
Q:
Using the Smi as an example, explain how indigenous peoples have made accommodation to some forms of modernization.
Q:
Distinguish between a revolution and a rebellion or insurgency.
Q:
A typical policy associated with ethnocide is to outlaw a cultural group's language.
Q:
Whose work on river management and resettlement policies in West Africa has opened the ability of applied anthropologists to contribute to decision-making regarding international development projects?
a. Carol Jenkins
b. Margaret Mead
c. Darrell Posey
d. Rich Markins
e. Michael Horowitz
Q:
The burden of modernization in developing countries falls mostly on
a. non-governmental agencies.
b. men.
c. women.
d. entrepreneurs.
e. foreign governments.