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Question
- Studies of human adaptation focus on the capacity of humans to adapt, or adjust to their material environment, biologically and culturally.
Answer
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Related questions
Q:
In order to frame objective hypotheses that are as free of cultural bias as possible, anthropologists typically develop them through _______________. a. library research
b. research within the confines of a laboratory
c. fieldwork
d. surveys
e. well-developed questionnaires
Q:
Globalization is driven by _______________. a. technological innovations
b. higher communication costs
c. faster knowledge transfers
d. all of the above
e. a and c only
Q:
By comparing housework in different cultures, the ethnologist learns that _______________. a. food foragers spend less time on household tasks than Westerners do
b. food foragers spend more time on household tasks than Westerners do
c. Westerners spend the least amount of time on household tasks as compared with other societies
d. there are no differences in the amount of time spent on household tasks between food foragers and industrialized Western societies
e. food foragers do not do housework
Q:
Clyde Snow is an anthropologist who _______________. a. studied the Zapotec of Mexico
b. went to Truk and studied drinking behavior
c. used forensic evidence to investigate "disappearances" in Argentina
d. advised the U.S. government about how to implement the New Deal
e. found out that a questionnaire administered to rural Peruvians wasn"t accurate in what it implied about their behavior
Q:
An ethnologist can be described as someone who _______________. a. studies female behavior
b. studies cultures of the past
c. develops a theory of culture by comparing many specific cultures
d. studies primitive cultures
e. studies urban-industrial societies
Q:
A "culture-bound" theory is _______________. a. a prediction that is bound to be fulfilled in a particular culture
b. a theory developed by a cultural anthropologist rather than a physical anthropologist
c. a theory developed by a sociologist rather than a cultural anthropologist
d. a theory based on assumptions common to a particular culture rather than deriving from comparisons of many different cultures
e. a theory based on comparison of cultures
Q:
Cultural anthropology is the study of patterns of human behavior. These standards _______________. a. are biologically inherited
b. operate only when people are unconscious
c. can be studied only by sociologists
d. focus on humans as culture producing and re-producing creatures
e. are inherited and are studied initially by physical anthropologists
Q:
Cross-cultural research that allows the anthropologist to develop theories that help explain why certain important differences or similarities occur between groups is known as _______________. a. ethnography
b. biography
c. ethnology
d. ethnohistory
e. ethnoarchaeology
Q:
Which of the following are broad research interests of physical anthropologists? a. descriptive ethnography and culture-bound theory
b. fingerprinting and study of hair loss
c. biological variation in human populations and evolution of human characteristics
d. primate population variation and the reconstruction of the material remains of culture
e. the study of the origins of language and what causes language change
Q:
Which of the following are not primates? a. Asian and African apes
b. tarsiers
c. monkeys
d. lemurs and lorises
e. all of the above are primates
Q:
Your textbook states that marriage has always been between one man and one woman and that only heterosexual relations are natural.
Q:
According to the author, the first responsibility of the anthropologist is to the people studied.
Q:
"Truth" in science can be said to be a matter of varying degrees of probability.
Q:
While ethnography is the in-depth study of a single culture, ethnology is the comparative study of culture.
Q:
One way that culture is preserved and shared is by language.
Q:
Far from being the biological reality it is thought to be, the concept of race emerged in the _______________ century as a device for justifying the dominance of Europeans and their descendants over Africans, Native Americans, and other "people of color." a. 20th
b. 19th
c. 16th
d. 18th
e. 7th
Q:
Recent studies have shown that the unusual degree of separation of mother and infant in Western societies has important consequences. Which of the following are not consequences of the rather long degree of mother/infant separation in Western societies? a. decreases in the length of infant feeding
b. prevention of early ovulation after childbirth
c. increase in physical abuse of child
d. increases in crying
e. decreases in physical stimulation
Q:
In their fight against HIV/AIDS, traditional Zulu healers offer all of the following except: . a way to ensure mental well-being
b. sensitivity to the needs for balance between the individual and the community
c. culturally appropriate health care
d. the latest technological advances in disease treatment
e. health care tailored to meet the needs of the patient
Q:
This woman anthropologist was hired by the Bureau of American Ethnology in 1888, making her one of the first women in the U.S. to receive a full-time position in science. . Margaret Mead
b. Ruth Benedict
c. Matilda Cox Stevenson
d. Laura Nader
e. Martha Knack
Q:
_______________ is the pioneering American anthropologist who did work among the Zuni and founded the Women's Anthropological Society in 1885.
a. Margaret Mead
b. Ruth Benedict
c. Martha Knack
d. Margaret Lyneis
e. Matilda Cox Stevenson
Q:
Which of the following questions would cross-cultural research be suited to answer? a. What is the relationship between child-rearing practices (e.g., whether and for how long a child sleeps with its mother) and the occurrence and intensity of rites of passage?
b. Are attitudes about authority reflected in a society's religious beliefs?
c. What was the rate and process of permanent settlement among Tibetan pastoral nomads after the Chinese invaded Tibet?
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c
Q:
In 1948, anthropologists discovered that aborigines in Arnhem Land were able to sustain themselves well on an average workday of _______________. a. approximately 8 hours
b. more than 10 hours
c. less than 6 hours
d. less than 2 hours
e. 10-12 hours
Q:
The end product of anthropological research is _______________. a. culture-bound theories
b. a set of scientific facts
c. a clear understanding of the advantages of adaptation
d. a broad hypothesis about human beliefs, behavior and biology
e. a single case study that tests a theory
Q:
Which of the following exemplifies the concept of a "hypothesis"? The light bulb failed to light because _______________. a. the filament was broken
b. the power to the building was off
c. it was not screwed in tightly
d. it was poorly made
e. all of these
Q:
The work of medical anthropologists sheds light on the connections between _______________ both globally and locally. a. human migration and the maintenance of health
b. culture and personality
c. mental and physical health
d. human health and political and economic forces
e. HMOs and political and economic forces
Q:
An archaeologist has a research project involving the analysis of an old campsite of a people who relied primarily on foraging for wild foods about 500,000 years ago. This project would be considered _______________. a. Arctic b. prehistoric
c. futuristic
d. historical
e. culture-bound
Q:
Although human beings always have been interested in other human beings, anthropology has emerged as a tradition of scientific inquiry over the last _______________. a. 10,000 years
b. 700 years
c. 150 years
d. 50 years
e. 30 years
Q:
Answer Options
a. physical anthropology
b. cultural anthropology
c. linguistics
d. archaeology
1) Ethnography ______
2) Primatology ______
3) Molecular Anthropology ______
4) Cultural Resource Management ______
5) Forensic Anthropology ______
6) Ethnology ______
Q:
Because their differences are distributed independently, humans cannot be classified into races having any biological validity.
Q:
Nowhere in the world have anthropologist documented same-sex marriages. In all human societies such unions are deemed inappropriate under any circumstances.