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Question
The phrase affirmative action first appeared in an executive order issued by President ________.a. John F. Kennedy
b. Lyndon B. Johnson
c. Richard Nixon
d. Gerald Ford
Answer
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Related questions
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What is the relationship between education and prejudice?
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Discuss racial profiling with appropriate examples.
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Describe the concept of stereotypes. Explain with examples why are some traits assigned more often than others.
Q:
Which of the following states that intergroup interaction between people of equal status in harmonious circumstances causes them to become less prejudiced and to abandon previously held stereotypes?
a. the contact hypothesis
b. the self-fulfilling prophecy
c. the anomie theory of deviance
d. the exploitation theory of race relations
Q:
Asking people their willingness to interact with or be employed with people of different racial and ethnic backgrounds measures their level of ________.
a. discrimination
b. stereotyping
c. social distance
d. scapegoating
Q:
An important aspect of color-blind racism is ________.
a. the use of racially positive principles to reinforce the racially equal status quo
b. the recognition that race is rarely invoked in public debates on social issues
c. the overt expression of notions of racial inferiority
d. the emphasis on recognizing patterns of groups being disadvantaged
Q:
Jared, a White American, is a high school student at Dream Valley High. He is close friends with Chris, an African American. Jared often invites Chris to his house for celebration of family functions. Jared's parents are accepting of Chris. Which of the following theories of prejudice can explain the racial tolerance of Jared and his parents?
a. authoritarian personality theory
b. scapegoating theory
c. normative approach
d. exploitation approach
Q:
Which of the following approaches explains how racism can stigmatize a group as inferior so that the victimization of that group can be justified?
a. contact hypothesis
b. self-fulfilling prophecy
c. normative approach
d. exploitation theory
Q:
The ________ suggests that, rather than accepting guilt for some failure, a person transfers the responsibility for failure to a vulnerable group.
a. exploitation theory
b. scapegoating theory
c. normative approach
d. authoritarian personality theory
Q:
When asked to comment on their "Whiteness," White people most likely see themselves ________.
a. stigmatized as racist
b. racially tolerant
c. ethnically diverse
d. pioneers of reverse discrimination
Q:
________ is defined as a negative attitude toward an entire category of people.
a. Prejudice
b. Ethnocentrism
c. Pluralism
d. Panethnicity
Q:
________ refers to the rights or immunities granted as a particular benefit or favor for being White.
Q:
The Bogardus scale was conceptualized to measure ________ empirically.
a. social distance
b. racial bias
c. gender inequality
d. economic disparity
Q:
Which of the following statements is true of people with authoritarian personality?
a. They are unlikely to be prejudiced.
b. They disregard conventional values.
c. They are concerned with power and toughness.
d. They are aggressive toward people who conform to norms.
Q:
Explain the concept of self-fulfilling prophecy with appropriate examples.
Q:
Pluralism implies that ________.
a. diverse groups in a society work toward adopting one homogeneous culture
b. the society aims at eliminating ethnic boundaries
c. various groups in a society have mutual respect for one another's cultures
d. subordinate groups need to embrace the dominant group's culture
Q:
Which of the following terms refers to the physical separation of two groups of people in terms of residence, workplace, and social functions?
a. assimilation
b. amalgamation
c. segregation
d. pluralism
Q:
Which of the following theoretical perspectives emphasizes how the parts of society are structured to maintain its stability?
a. conflict perspective
b. functionalist perspective
c. macro-sociological perspective
d. labeling perspective
Q:
________ is the ratio of a person's mental age to his or her chronological age, multiplied by 100, with 100 representing average intelligence and higher scores representing greater intelligence.
a. Emotional intelligence appraisal
b. Malleability of intelligence
c. Intelligence quotient
d. Spiritual intelligence
Q:
The cultural traits that make groups distinctive usually originate from their ________.
a. religious faiths
b. physical attributes
c. preferences
d. homelands
Q:
________ are set apart from others because of their national origin or distinctive cultural patterns.
a. Gender groups
b. Ethnic groups
c. Racial groups
d. Formal groups
Q:
Which of the following sentences best represents the sociological concept of minority?
a. a group that experiences a narrowing of life's opportunities
b. a group that consists less than 50 percent of the population
c. a condition defined exclusively in terms of physical traits
d. a condition that does not have negative effects in a democracy
Q:
What is brain drain? How has it impacted the United States and other countries?
Q:
Which of the following people could be considered an asylee?
a. Martha, a prospective immigrant attempting to enter the United States for economic gains
b. Samuel, a travel writer who has visited the United States many times and wants to settle there permanently
c. Laura, a foreigner in the United States fearing conversion to her husband's religion in her home country
d. James, a convict escaping from prison in a democratic nation
Q:
Refugee status is often granted to people fleeing from ________.
a. political persecution
b. poverty
c. religious commendation
d. an epidemic
Q:
According to the spectrum of intergroup relations, the presence of transnationals is an example of ________.
a. pluralism
b. assimilation
c. extermination
d. secession
Q:
Which of the following most accurately exemplifies a transnational?
a. Diego, of Mexican origin, lives in the United States and frequently hosts and visits his relatives from Mexico.
b. Rose, of Cuban origin, reached the United States on a boat and was adopted by an American family.
c. Abdul, of Iraqi origin, lives outside his war-torn country for fear of harm should he return to Iraq.
d. Lily, of Chinese origin, is married to a White American for forty years and has four children with him and seven grandchildren.
Q:
Immigrants who sustain multiple social relationships that link their societies of origin and settlement are called ________.
a. xenophobes
b. refugees
c. transnationals
d. asylees
Q:
What was affirmative action as a social program intended to accomplish? Has it been successful?
Q:
How does institutional discrimination differ from individual discrimination? Provide three examples of institutional discrimination.