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Question
The pressurized cabin of an airplane flying at high altitude is an example of a(n)
A. genetic adaptation.
B. long-term physiological adaptation.
C. short-term physiological adaptation.
D. cultural adaptation.
E. archaeological adaptation.
Answer
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Related questions
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C. "The world system was established primarily through European colonialism."
D. "The standard of living in the world system tends to be higher for populations living in core nations."
E. "Nations may change their positions in the world system."
Q:
Which of these statements about world-system theory is NOT true?
A. "Wallerstein wrote about the world-system theory."
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Public-interest anthropologists should not participate in making policy decisions.
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In his comparison of rural and urban communities, Redfield found that cultural innovations spread from urban areas to rural ones.
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A. have only limited chances of succeeding.
B. are the most successful kind of development scheme.
C. have never taken place.
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A. fueled the general expansion of the American educational system, including academic anthropology.
B. promoted renewed interest in applied anthropology during the 1950s and 1960s.
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Describe the difference between assimilationism and multiculturalism. Identify how these concepts affect minority ethnic groups.
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Define the term minority group and its position in the social-political hierarchy. Provide at least three different examples.
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The basic social units typically found in foraging societies are
A. band and clan.
B. lineage and nuclear family.
C. extended family and clan.
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Q:
Fiscal systems include the judges, laws, and courts that resolve conflicts.
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States are complex systems of sociopolitical organization that aim to control and administer everything from conflict resolution to fiscal systems to population movements.
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In chiefdoms, individuals were ranked according to seniority, but everyone was believed to have descended from a common set of ancestors.
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________ is NOT typical of state societies.
A. A primarily foraging-based subsistence strategy
B. Class stratification
C. The fixing of state boundaries
D. Intensive agriculture
E. Fiscal support
Q:
According to Weber, the basis of social status is
A. wealth.
B. age.
C. prestige.
D. intelligence.
E. power.
Q:
The primary difference between a village head and a "big man" is that
A. a big man can enforce his decisions.
B. a big man has supporters in multiple villages.
C. a village head is a band leader, while a big man is a tribal leader.
D. a big man's high status is ascribed, while a village head's high status is achieved.
E. village head is a permanent political office, while big man is a temporary position.
Q:
In foraging bands, the leaders
A. retain their power by maintaining strong ties with the commoner class.
B. inherit privileged access to strategic resources.
C. maintain control by conquering foreign territories.
D. have no means of forcing people to follow their decisions.
E. are the dominant males in the largest, most powerful descent groups.
Q:
A "big man" is a
A. person who holds a permanent political office.
B. hereditary ruler.
C. person of influence and prestige.
D. leader who avoids excessive displays of generosity.
E. leader who has tremendous power because he is regarded as divine.
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For much of human history, people lived in societies characterized by a ________ sociopolitical organization.
A. band
B. tribe
C. chiefdom
D. state
E. complex chiefdom
Q:
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A. cultivation.
B. swiddening.
C. fallowing.
D. symbiosis.
E. transhumance.
Q:
Shifting cultivation
A. typically involves the use of draft animals.
B. cannot support permanent villages.
C. requires irrigation.
D. requires cultivators to let exhausted plots of land lie fallow for several years.
E. relies extensively on chemical fertilizers.
Q:
Describe how economic specialization in industrial nations differs from specialization in nonindustrial societies.