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Question
The theory of specific deterrence holds that criminal sanctions should be so powerful that known criminals will never repeat their criminal acts. Critique this theory. What evidence exists to support specific deterrence?Answer
Answers will vary.Related questions
Q:
By definition, terrorism can never be perpetrated by an existing government.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Earth Liberation Front is an example of an eco-terrorism group.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Redistributive terrorism is directed at people or groups who oppose the terrorists' political ideology or whom the terrorists define as "outsiders" who must be destroyed.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Independent-type political crimes benefit only the perpetrators participating in the misdeeds.
a. True
b. False
Q:
First degree murder is defined as having been committed with premeditation and_____ .
Q:
The terms terrorist, revolutionary, insurgent, and guerilla are often confused and misunderstood. Define and discuss these terms.
Q:
Given the description of the event, T. J. Lane would likely have been charged with what crime?a. second-degree murder b. first-degree murderc. voluntary manslaughterd. involuntary manslaughter
Q:
The abusive childhood experience, which may have been a key factor in Breivik's later development of aggression,would have most likely stemmed from which of the following?a. The death wishes his mother directed to him. b. Violent television showsc. A culture of gun violence in Norwayd. An instinctual need for Breivik to express violence
Q:
Anders Behring Breivak murdered 77 people in a youth camp outside of Oslo, Norway. He did so, he claimed, in order to prevent Muslims from taking over Europe. A jury found him guilty of murder and the court sentenced him to the maximum allowable penalty- 21 years in prison. Investigators found that Breivak's mother, Wenche Behring, had "sexualized" him beginning when he was four years of age and frequently wished him dead out of a psychotic fear he would grow up to be a violent and dangerous adult.Which of the following would not be a likely reason psychologists would use to to explain Anders Breivik's murder spree?a. Abusive childhood b. Substance abusec. Ineffective families d. Personal traits
Q:
According to the alienation view of terrorist motivation, terrorists are relatively "ordinary" people who believe that a suicide mission willa. fulfill their call to Jihad.b. publicly exhibit their hatred of infidels. c. guarantee their afterlife.d. cleanse them of the corruption of the modern world.
Q:
In 2007, the FBI recorded 7,700 hate crime incidents that involved 9,500 victims. Most of these hate crime incidents were motivated bya. sexual orientation b. ethnicityc. religion d. race
Q:
Wright and Decker found that most armed robberies are motivated by a pressing need for a. excitementb. power c. cashd. control
Q:
One type of interpersonal violence is child abuse. Which age group suffers the highest rate of child abuse victimization?a. children in the age group of birth to one year old b. children in the age group of two to four years old c. children in the age group of six to eight years oldd. children in the age group of ten to twelve years old
Q:
childhood experiences may be a key factor in the later development of relationship aggression. a. Abusiveb. Boring c. Indigentd. Traditional
Q:
A rape that involves people who are in some form of courting relationship is called a date rape. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Acts that vent rage, anger, or frustration are known as expressive violence. a. Trueb. False
Q:
When insurgents use violence, it is designed to inspire support and gain converts while at the same time destroying
the government's ability to resist.
a. True
b. False
Q:
_____are life events that alter the development of a criminal career.
Q:
What is problem behavior syndrome and how is it linked to criminality?
Q:
Which of the three causal theories of white-collar crime best explains the sub-prime mortgage scandal and why?
Q:
Identify and discuss the three major areas of enterprise crime.
Q:
According to the textbook, the crime discussed in the preface would be a a. blue-collar crimeb. white-collar crimec. crime against humanity d. green-crime
Q:
Officials at BP and the company itself faced heavy fines, as well as civil and criminal suits. This type of legal and financial jeopardy is an example of what type of control?a. deterrence b. compliance c. inducementd. plea bargaining
Q:
Green-collar crime can take may different forms. The fact that human lives were lost when the platform exploded makes the event which form of green-crime?a. worker safety b. illegal dumping c. biotoxicd. illegal polluting
Q:
On March 12, 2009, financier Bernard Madoff pled guilty to an 11-count criminal complaint, charging him with violating the antifraud provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. At his hearing, Madoff admitted that he had defrauded thousands of investors in the nation's most elaborate financial crime. On June 29, 2009, Madoff was sentenced to 150 years in prison, a life sentence. Madoff's Ponzi scheme has been estimated to have cost clients some $65 billion, maybe the largest criminal conspiracy in history.The type of crime Madoff perpetrated was a(n)a. swindleb. embezzlementc. client fraudd. corporate crime
Q:
Why do most state jurisdictions punish burglary as a felony?
a. Because, historically, a "man's home is his castle."
b. Because, legally, one's home is afforded greater protection under the U.S. Constitution.
c. Because, unlike an auto, an individual's home is considered a permanent belonging.
d. Because the potential for harm to the occupants is so significant.
Q:
_____thieves are opportunistic amateurs who steal because of situational inducements. a. Occasionalb. Booster c. Naived. Systemic
Q:
Pharmacists have been known to alter prescriptions or substitute low-cost generic drugs for more expensive name brands. This is an example of which category of white-collar crime?a. professional chiseling b. churningc. employee fraudd. influence peddling
Q:
A pyramid scheme is one type of____ whereby people use their institutional or business position to trick others out of their money.a. corporate crimeb. white-collar fraud c. financial chiseling d. employee fraud
Q:
_____involves illegal activities of people and institutions whose acknowledged purpose is profit through legitimate business transactions.a. Organized crime b. Enterprise crimec. White-collar crime d. Cyber crime