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Question
The use of smokeless tobaccoa. carries about the same risks for lung cancer as does cigarette smoking.
b. carries about the same risks for heart disease as does cigarette smoking.
c. is similar to cigarette smoking in terms of onset, patterns of use, social influences, and attempts to quit.
d. is similar to cigarette smoking in terms of gender and age of users.
Answer
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Related questions
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Discuss the disadvantages and advantages of placebos.
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When the placebo treatment is described in a hidden manner, placebos can lead to fewer symptoms and better quality of life when compared to no treatment.
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For a treatment to be considered effective, the treatment must show an equal rate of effectiveness when compared to a placebo.
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We are designing a new instrument to measure happiness. If we ask participants to complete the same instrument of happiness over several days, we are testing this new instruments' ______________.
a. external validity
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Research has found that lung cancer increases with number of cigarettes smoked. This finding
a. indicates a negative relationship between smoking and lung cancer.
b. indicates a positive relationship between smoking and lung cancer.
c. proves that smoking causes lung cancer.
d. suggest that cancer prone personalities are more likely to begin smoking.
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Natural experiments in epidemiology are most similar to what kind of psychology study?
a. experimental
b. ex post facto
c. correlational
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Q:
A study that begins with a group of participants who already have a disease is most likely to be
a. a retrospective study.
b. a prospective study.
c. a correlational study.
d. an experimental study.
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In an experimental design that investigates the effects of a low carbohydrate diet on weight loss, diet would be
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b. the dependent variable.
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Q:
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a. Longitudinal studies are a comparison of two separate groups.
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Small correlations, for example 0.08 or 0.10,
a. may be statistically significant.
b. cannot be statistically significant.
c. indicate cause and effect between the two correlated variables.
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Q:
One of the challenges of conducting health research is that it is impossible, and unethical, to manipulate certain variables, such as sexual behaviors or smoking. The research design that examines differences between groups without manipulating these groups is:
a. experimental
b. ex post facto
c. random assignment
d. longitudinal
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One of the advantages of conducting a longitudinal study is that longitudinal studies can _____________________.
a. be completed quickly.
b. help identify developmental trends and patterns.
c. determine causality.
d. be completed with relatively few researchers.
Q:
There is a ____________ correlation between physical age and physical health, such that as age increases, physical health decreases.
a. positive
b. negative
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Which of these "sugar pills" is likely to have the greatest positive effect?
a. white pills rather than colored pills
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Q:
Health is generally defined as an absence of disease.
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Health psychology is best defined as the scientific study of those behaviors related to
a. the adoption of the sick role for persons who believe themselves to be ill.
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Behavioral medicine assumes
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Presently, physicians and health psychologists are most likely to agree that psychosomatic illnesses are
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b. all in the head of the person with the illness.
c. diseases linked to a complex of biological, psychological, and social factors.
d. flow from unconscious factors and are a means of reducing anxiety.
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Health psychologists are most likely to see health
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b. from a biopsychosocial viewpoint.
c. as the absence of illness.
d. as a single dimensional condition.
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During the past 30 years, death rate from heart disease in the United States has declined. At the same time,
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c. life expectancy has decreased.
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Q:
Which of these has been a major health trend in the U.S. since 1900?
a. Cost of medical care has risen faster than inflation.
b. Health has been more frequently defined as the absence of illness.
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d. The biomedical model has been accepted by most psychologists.
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a. all participants showed signs of having a cold.
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a. European Americans
b. Hispanic Americans
c. African Americans
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a. unintentional injuries, cancer, and heart disease.
b. suicide, homicide, and HIV infection.
c. HIV infection, heart disease, and pneumonia.
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All of the following are factors in life expectancy EXCEPT:
a. age
b. education
c. ethnicity
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_________ diseases are a class of diseases that consist of heart disease, cancer, and stroke.
a. Infectious
b. Chronic
c. Unintentional
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a. sick role behavior.
b. illness behavior.
c. psychotic behavior.
d. health-seeking behavior.