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Question
There are no signs of "vertical" social hierarchy in the aceramic Neolithic: larger communities were probably made up of a number of lineages with their own leaders rather than one central authority.Answer
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Related questions
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At the end of the last Ice Age, the population of the world may have numbered:
a) no more than 1000 people
b) perhaps only a few million
c) between 15 and 20 million
d) none " modern humans had become extinct
e) an unknown number because we have no means of even estimating it
Q:
Potlatch is a competive ceremony accompanied by a feast, in which many items were distributed and destroyed to enhance the prestige of the individual giving the feast.
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It is clear that the Mississippian societies of the American Midwest and South East had completely different and separate belief systems: the iconography on artifacts from different sites is not comparable.
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Characteristic features of historic period groups on the Plains, such as the Mandan and Arikara, were that:
a) they lived in permanent villages consisting of large, earth-covered structures
b) they grew crops, including maize
c) they participated in annual bison hunts
d) their villages were politically and socially autonomous
e) all of the above
Q:
__________ are residential groups that cooperate in basic economic activities and retain control over land, surplus, and other resources by restricting sharing to members.
a) States
b) Households
c) Moieties
d) Pueblos
e) Mound centers
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One of the hallmarks of Hohokam society in the American Southwest was the use of __________ to increase agricultural output.
a) cow manure
b) pesticides
c) irrigation
d) terraces
e) all of the above
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"Amazonian Dark Earths" (ADE) is a term used to describe a particular dark colored style of pottery decoration found in the Central Amazon.
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Large sedentary communities, expansive settlements encircled by massive earthworks, have been found within the Amazon rainforest.
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Archaeologists are unsure whether Moche sites represent a centrally organized state or a series of loosely confederated principalities. However, all Moche sites clearly display a shared:
a) king as recorded on the Lord of Sipn king list
b) hatred of their rivals, the Nazca
c) origin in the earlier Inca culture
d) writing system
e) ideology, as seen through the iconography on Moche artifacts
Q:
The principal deity of Chavn de Huntar is now called __________; this deity is seen depicted throughout the Andes for over a millennium at sites such as Tiwanaku.
a) Quetzalcoatl
b) The Lord of Sipn
c) The Gateway God
d) Chavinl
e) The Staff God
Q:
The idea that marine resources sustained population growth and that the infrastructure of fishing on the Peruvian coast eventually inspired the adoption of agriculture is called:
a) the Single State Theory
b) the Sea Peoples expansion
c) the Maritime Hypothesis
d) the Monocausal Theory
e) agropastoralism
Q:
The Aztec capital of Tenochtitln was:
a) an elaborate cliff-dwelling set in the side of a ravine
b) an urban island, reclaimed from a lake, and crisscrossed by canals
c) a beautiful deep-jungle urban center located on a high plateau in Peru
d) a tiny, unimpressive place which displayed little technological skill or urban planning
e) was located on the site of what is now Guatemala City
Q:
Each major Late Classic Maya city would have had a central precinct dominated by ___________, which would have served as temples or the palatial residences of lords.
a) man-made caves
b) pyramids
c) natural wells known as cenotes
d) ceiba tree trunks arranged in a square
e) an agora and a stoa
Q:
The city of __________, located in the Basin of Mexico, was the largest city in the New World: it covered up to 8 square miles and housed up to 80,000 people.
a) Teotihuacn
b) Chichn Itz
c) Tikal
d) Monte Albn
e) San Lorenzo
Q:
Which of the following statements correctly characterizes the use of metal in Mesoamerica:
a) metal was used primarily for utilitarian objects such as tools and was rarely used for ritual objects
b) metal was mined and worked extensively in Mesoamerica and Mesoamerican metalwork is found throughout South America
c) metal was rarely used and, when it was, it was for ritual objects and not tools
d) the people of ancient Mesoamerica had no exposure to any metal whatsoever
e) the people of Mesoamerica were the first to develop platinum and steel
Q:
This Preclassic culture, whose modern name is derived from a 16th-century Aztec term, is known for the production of colossal stone heads.
a) the Maya
b) the Olmec
c) the Toltec
d) the Nahua
e) the Inca
Q:
The use of __________ is sometimes considered to be a good marker for the onset of an agricultural way of life in Mesoamerica and its appearance marks the start of the Preclassic period.
a) gold
b) stone
c) pottery
d) bronze
e) cotton
Q:
By far the most important crop to the cultures of Mesoamerica was:
a) maize
b) potatoes
c) squash
d) rice
e) beans
Q:
The Asuka Enlightenment in Japan began around ad 600 and was inspired by cultural contact with:
a) Vietnam
b) China
c) Europe
d) Arab traders
e) Egypt
Q:
Which of the following was a characteristic of centralized administration during the Han Dynasty:
a) a standing army
b) a central mint
c) broadly based taxation
d) systemized selection for civil service positions
e) all of the above
Q:
Jin, Wei, and Yan were all:
a) early historians who recorded information about the Shang
b) the sites of battles between the Shang and the Changjiang
c) Zhou states
d) the primary deities of early Korea
e) Ming Dynasty emperors
Q:
The shapes of some jade figures, such as coiled dragons, animal masks, and turtles, which are found in Hongshan culture art are:
a) a hint at contact with Europe
b) appear to have no iconographic antecedents or successors
c) also seen in later Shang and Zhou art
d) hint at contact with South America
e) were imposed on the populace by Japan
Q:
The Han emperors focused almost exclusively on earthly pleasures because Chinese religion at the time had no concept of an afterlife. As a result their tombs are small with almost no grave goods.
Q:
Compelling insights into the social and political histories of the early states of East and Southeast Asia have come from:
a) archaeological investigations
b) Chinese records
c) the writings of the Phoenicians
d) all of the above
e) a and b only
Q:
One feature of most proto-urban sites that have been located in the Indus Valley and in the Baluchistan uplands is the use of wheel-formed pottery.
Q:
The "Cemetery H" or Late Harappan phase is characterized by:
a) an intensification of the use of the Indus script
b) an end to the integrated urban traits associated with the Indus civilization
c) building works constructed on a grand and organized scale
d) the introduction of urban planning to Indus sites
e) elaborate tombs filled with large amounts of elite grave goods
Q:
Although many researchers, starting with John Marshall in the 1920s, have asserted that the Indus civilization was inherently peaceful, the presence of __________ may indicate that Indus cities experienced as much violence as their Southwest Asian neighbors.
a) representations of war and warriors in Indus art
b) weapons as grave goods
c) battle hymns recorded in the Indus script
d) graves filled with bodies who were clearly killed in battle
e) massive mud-brick city walls
Q:
Both Mohenjo-daro and Harappa had a pre-eminent __________ to the west of the site and a residential town to the east.
a) naval port
b) underground temple
c) inland sea
d) citadel mound
e) a naturally formed sacred well
Q:
G. R. Sharma characterized the settlement patterns of the South Asian Mesolithic as being evidence of transhumance: people moved around throughout the year to utilize different regional resources. Another term for transhumance is:
a) seasonal mobility
b) broad-spectrum strategy
c) intensification
d) peer-polity interaction
e) exchange
Q:
At the Mesolithic sites of the Ganges Plain a reliance on plants as a source of food can be inferred from:
a) a paucity of stone blades and a large number of grinding implements
b) texts that detail indigenous recipes
c) field systems preserved in a bog
d) the knowledge that the people of India are often vegetarians
e) a lack of animals in the region