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Question
Under the "New Equal Protection," the courts have used the Equal Protection Clause to scrutinize closely any law or practice that discriminates among groups in their enjoyment ofa. fundamental rights.
b. private clubs.
c. government benefits.
d. tax exemptions.
Answer
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Related questions
Q:
Primary responsibility for implementing the requirements of Brown v. Board of Education was assigned to
a. state governors.
b. state appellate courts.
c. federal district judges.
d. federal court of appeals judges.
Q:
In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1950), the Supreme Court disallowed an attempt by the University of Oklahoma
a. to segregate a black graduate student from his white colleagues.
b. to create a separate law school for blacks.
c. to require blacks to attend law schools in other states.
d. to close down a law school reserved to blacks only.
Q:
Also known as the _______________________, the Civil Rights Act of 1870 made it a federal crime to conspire to "injure, oppress, threaten, or intimidate any citizen in the free exercise of any right or privilege secured to him by the Constitution or laws of the United States."
a. Jim Crow Law
b. Black Code
c. Ku Klux Klan Act
d. Reconstruction Act
Q:
In the wake of the Civil War, many of the Southern states had adopted the so-called __________, which denied basic economic rights to former slaves.
a. Jim Crow Laws
b. Grandfather Clauses
c. Black Codes
d. None of the above is true.
Q:
Shortly before the Fourteenth Amendment was ratified, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 which, among other things, protected the right of African Americans to
a. inherit, own, and convey property.
b. utilize privately owned places of public accommodation.
c. vote in state elections.
d. All of the above are true.
Q:
In_____________, the Court struck down an ordinance that limited the occupancy of residences to members of single families.
a. Belle Terre v. Boraas (1974)
b. Doe v. Commonwealth's Attorney (1976)
c. Moore v. City of East Cleveland (1977)
d. None of the above is true.
Q:
In ______________, the Supreme Court struck down an ordinance that limited the occupancy of residences to members of single families. However, the ordinance defined "family" in such a way as to prohibit a grandmother from cohabiting with her two grandsons.
a. In re Quinlan (1976)
b. Doe v. Commonwealth's Attorney (1976)
c. Moore v. City of East Cleveland (1977)
d. None of the above is true.
Q:
In ______________, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court permitted the guardian of an elderly, retarded man to assert his ward's right of privacy and refuse chemotherapy treatment for the elderly man's leukemia.
a. Superintendent of Belchertown State School v. Saikewicz (1977)
b. Guardianship of Andrew Barry (1984)
c. Rust v. Sullivan (1991)
d. None of the above is true.
Q:
In ____________, the Supreme Court upheld a federal regulation that barred birth control clinics that received federal funds from providing information about abortion services to their clients.
a. Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1989)
b. Rust v. Sullivan (1991)
c. Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992)
d. Gonzales v. Carhart (2007)
Q:
Classical _____________ hold that individuals must often be protected against their own vices, and defends the embodiment of traditional morality in the law.
a. conservatism
b. liberalism
c. libertarianism
d. none of the above
Q:
In Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992) the Supreme Court struck down a state requirement that a married woman seeking an abortion must
a. wait 24 hours after giving written consent before undergoing the procedure.
b. notify her spouse of her intentions.
c. undergo counseling.
d. obtain her spouse's permission.
Q:
In ruling on the constitutionality of state regulations of abortion, the Supreme Court today is most likely to apply the
a. "trimester" framework.
b. "undue burden" test.
c. "compelling state interest."
d. "bad tendency" test.
Q:
In Roe v. Wade Justice Blackmun stated that the word "person" in the Constitution applied
a. to the fetus at the point of viability.
b. after the first trimester of pregnancy.
c. after the second trimester of pregnancy.
d. postnatally.
Q:
In___________, the Supreme Court reaffirmed this longstanding distaste for "dragnet" searches when it invalidated a five-hour search of a Communist Party headquarters resulting in the seizure of some 5,000 items.
a.Stanford v. Texas (1965)
b. Coolidge v. New Hampshire (1971)
c. Brinegar v. United States (1949)
d. Illinois v. Gates (1983)
Q:
In___________, the Supreme Court invalidated a warrant that was issued by the state's attorney general, a law enforcement officer, rather than by a judge or magistrate.
a.Stanford v. Texas (1965)
b. Coolidge v. New Hampshire (1971)
c. Brinegar v. United States (1949)
d. Illinois v. Gates (1983)
Q:
The fundamental requirement imposed by the ______ Amendment is that searches and seizures must be "reasonable."
a. Third
b. Fourth
c. Fifth
d. Sixth
Q:
In Illinois v. Gates (1983), the Supreme Court abandoned the rigorous Aguilar-Spinelli test in favor of a _______________ test that made it easier for police officers to get search warrants.
a. reasonable person
b. reasonable suspicion
c. good-faith
d. totality of circumstances
Q:
In Nebraska Press Association v. Stuart (1976), the Supreme Court invalidated a ___________ imposed by a trial judge to safeguard the rights of a man accused of a brutal mass murder.
a. change of venue
b. secret trial
c. pretrial release order
d. gag order
Q:
According to Justice Harlan's concurrence in Katz v. United States (1967), the protections of the Fourth Amendment extend to any place or thing in which an individual has a
a. specific property interest.
b. reasonable expectation of privacy.
c. subjective desire to remain private.
d. None of the above.
Q:
The Supreme Court has adopted _____________ metaphor of a "wall of separation between church and state" as capturing the essential meaning of the Establishment Clause.
a. James Madison's
b. Thomas Jefferson's
c. Alexander Hamilton's
d. None of the above is true.
Q:
In ______________, the Supreme Court upheld a child labor law that prohibited boys under the age of 12 and girls under the age of 18 from selling newspapers on the street against an attack based on the Free Exercise Clause.
a. Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)
b. Minnesota v. Hershberger (1990)
c. Meyer v. Nebraska (1923)
d. Prince v. Massachusetts (1944)
Q:
Which of the following members of the Supreme Court was most clearly identified with the view that governmental policies should accommodate religious practices?
a. Hugo Black
b. Robert Jackson
c. William Brennan
d. Warren Burger
Q:
Which of the following has been held by the Supreme Court to violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment?
a. The provision of legislative chaplains at state expense
b. The public display of a city-owned crche
c. A crche prominently displayed on the grand staircase inside a county courthouse
d. An arrangement featuring a Christmas tree and a Hanukkah Menora placed just outside a city-county building
Q:
The "__________" theory articulated in Everson v. Board of Education (1947) has, for the most part, been maintained by the Supreme Court.
a. strict neutrality
b. cultural diversity
c. child benefit
d. None of the above is true.
Q:
In Zorach v. Clauson (1952), Justice ________________ wrote: "We are a people whose institutions presuppose a Supreme Being."
a. William O. Douglas
b. Robert Jackson
c. Felix Frankfurter
d. Hugo Black
Q:
The phrase "a wall of separation between church and state" can be traced to the writings of _______________.
a. Thomas Paine
b. Thomas Jefferson
c. Henry David Thoreau
d. John Adams
Q:
"Live Free or Die" is the state motto of ________________.
a. Massachusetts
b. Rhode Island
c. Vermont
d. New Hampshire
Q:
Which Justice authored the Court's opinion in R.A.V. v. St. Paul (1992)?
a. William Rehnquist
b. Sandra Day O"Connor
c. John Paul Stevens
d. Antonin Scalia
Q:
In ___________, the Court upheld a state law that explicitly adopted the bad tendency test by criminalizing publications "having a tendency to encourage or incite the commission of any crime, breach of the peace or act of violence."
a. Patterson v Colorado (1907)
b.Fox v. Washington (1915)
c. Schenck v. United States (1919)
d. None of the above
Q:
In _________________, the Supreme Court upheld a Florida court's injunction that prohibited antiabortion protesters from coming within a 36-foot buffer zone around the entrances to an abortion clinic.
a. Adderley v. Florida (1966)
b. Schenck v. Pro-Choice Network (1997)
c. Madsen v. Women's Health Center (1994)
d. None of the above is true.