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Question
What happened to the effective spread on trades when the SEC allowed the minimum tick size to move from one-eighth of a dollar to one-sixteenth of a dollar in 1997 and from one-sixteenth of a dollar to one cent in 2001?A. The effective spread increased in 1997 but decreased in 2001.
B. The effective spread increased in both cases.
C. The effective spread decreased in 1997 but increased in 2001.
D. The effective spread decreased in both cases.
Answer
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Related questions
Q:
A worker plans to retire in 30 years. He hopes to receive $65,000 per year in retirement income. If inflation is forecast at 2.5% per year, what annual income should he plan to receive in the first year of retirement in order to maintain the purchasing power on $65,000?A. $65,000B. $76,159C. $98,398D. $136,342
Q:
An insurance company plans to sell annuities to investors. Based on actuarial calculations, an investor has a 20-year life span, and she wants a $50,000-per-year annuity, payable at the end of each year. If the insurance company uses a 3% assumed investment rate, how much should the annuity cost?A. $696,928B. $743,874C. $833,552D. $953.982
Q:
Assume the risk-free interest rate is 10% and is equal to the fund's benchmark, the portfolio's net asset value is $100, and the fund's standard deviation is 20%. Also assume a time horizon of 1 year. What is the Black-Scholes value of the call option on the management incentive fee?A. $6.67B. $8.18C. $9.74D. $10.22
Q:
In planning for retirement, an investor decides she will save $2,000 every year for 25 years. At a 7% return on her investment, how much money will she have at the end of 25 years?A. $119,015B. $125,316C. $126,498D. $128,420
Q:
The yield to maturity of a 10-year zero-coupon bond with a par value of $1,000 and a market price of $625 is _____.A. 4.8%B. 6.1%C. .%D. 10.4%
Q:
One year U.S. interest rates are 7%, and European interest rates are 5%. The spot euro direct exchange rate quote is 1.30 and the 1-year forward rate direct quote is 1.25. If you can borrow either $1 million or €1 million to start with, what would be your dollar profits from interest arbitrage based on these data?A. $60,384B. $42,973C. $68,422D. $78,500
Q:
WEBS differ from mutual funds in that:
I. WEBS can be shorted.
II. WEBS trade continuously on the AMEX.
III. WEBS are passively managed.
A. II only
B. II and III only
C. I and III only
D. I, II, and III
Q:
The major participants who directly purchase securities in the capital markets of other countries are predominantly ____________.
A. large institutional investors
B. individual investors
C. government agencies
D. central banks
Q:
In the PRS financial risk ratings, the United States rates poorly because of the U.S. ________.
I. Large budget deficit
II. Large trade deficit
III. Large amount of total debt
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. I and III only
D. I, II, and III
Q:
The yen-per-dollar spot rate is 104. The yen-per-dollar forward rate is 107. If the U.S. risk-free rate is 2.4%, what is the likely yen risk-free rate?
A. 1.24%
B. 2.35%
C. 3.98%
D. 5.35%
Q:
The risk-free rate in the United States is 4%, and the risk-free rate in Japan is 1.2%. If the spot rate of yen to dollars is 105, what is the likely yen-per-dollar forward rate?
A. 101
B. 102
C. 105
D. 108
Q:
Passive investors with well-diversified international portfolios _________.
A. can safely ignore all political risk in emerging markets
B. can expect very large diversification gains from their international investing
C. do not need to be concerned with hedging exposure to foreign currencies
D. can expect returns to be better than the EAFE on a consistent basis
Q:
Suppose that U.S. equity markets represent about 35% of total global equity markets and that the typical U.S. investor has about 95% of her portfolio invested only in U.S. equities. This is an example of _________.
A. home-country bias
B. excessive diversification
C. active management
D. passive management
Q:
Which one of the following country risks includes the possibility of expropriation of assets, changes in tax policy, and restrictions on foreign exchange transactions?
A. default risk
B. foreign exchange risk
C. market risk
D. political risk
Q:
EAFE stands for _______.
A. Equity and Foreign Exchange
B. Europe, Australasia, Far East
C. Europe, Asian, Foreign Exchange
D. Europe, American, Far East
Q:
An investor would want to __________ to exploit an expected fall in interest rates.
A. sell S&P 500 Index futures
B. sell Treasury-bond futures
C. buy Treasury-bond futures
D. buy wheat futures
Q:
You are currently long in a futures contract. You instruct a broker to enter the short side of a futures contract to close your position. This is called __________.
A. a cross-hedge
B. a reversing trade
C. a speculation
D. marking to market
Q:
Which one of the following exploits differences between actual future prices and their theoretically correct parity values?
A. index arbitrage
B. marking to market
C. reversing trades
D. settlement transactions
Q:
The current stock price of KMW is $27, the risk-free rate of return is 4%, and the standard deviation is 30%. What is the price of a 63-day call option with an exercise price of $25?A.$2.50B.$2.65C.$2.89D.$3.12
Q:
The option smirk in the Black-Scholes option model indicates that __________.
A. implied volatility changes unpredictably as the exercise price rises
B. stock prices may fall by a larger amount than the model assumes
C. stock prices evolve continuously in today's actively traded markets
D. stocks with lower exercise prices are more likely to pay dividends
Q:
The time value of a call option is likely to decline most rapidly ________ days before expiration?
A. 10
B. 30
C. 60
D. 90
Q:
A call option on Juniper Corp. stock with an exercise price of $75 and an expiration date 1 year from now is worth $3 today. A put option on Juniper Corp. stock with an exercise price of $75 and an expiration date 1 year from now is worth $2.50 today. The risk-free rate of return is 8%, and Juniper Corp. pays no dividends. The stock should be worth __________
today.
A. $69.73
B. $71.69
C. $73.12
D. $77.25
Q:
You are considering purchasing a put option on a stock with a current price of $33. The exercise price is $35, and the price of the corresponding call option is $2.25. According to the put-call parity theorem, if the risk-free rate of interest is 4% and there are 90 days until expiration, the value of the put should be ____________.
A. $2.25
B. $3.91
C. $4.05
D. $5.52
Q:
You find the option prices for three June call options on the same stock. The 95 call has an implied volatility of 25%, the 100 call has an implied volatility of 25%, and the 105 call has an implied volatility of 30%. If you believe this represents a mispricing situation. you may want to ____________________________.
A. buy the 105 call and write the 100 call
B. buy the 105 call and write the 95 call
C. buy either the 95 or the 100 call and write the 105 call
D. write the 105 call and write either the 95 or the 100 call
Q:
Which one of the following will increase the value of a put option?
A.
a decrease in the exercise price
B.
a decrease in time to expiration of the put
C.
an increase in the volatility of the underlying stock
D.
Q:
Consider the Sharpe and Treynor performance measures. When a pension fund is large and well diversified in total and it has many managers, the __________
measure is better for evaluating individual managers while the __________ measure is better for evaluating the manager of a small fund with only one manager responsible for all investments, which may not be fully diversified.
A. Sharpe; Sharpe
B. Sharpe; Treynor
C. Treynor; Sharpe
D. Treynor; Treynor
Q:
A futures contract __________.
A. is a contract to be signed in the future by the buyer and the seller of a commodity
B. is an agreement to buy or sell a specified amount of an asset at a predetermined price on the expiration date of the contract
C. is an agreement to buy or sell a specified amount of an asset at whatever the spot price happens to be on the expiration date of the contract
D. gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy an asset some time in the future
Q:
At maturity of a futures contract, the spot price and futures price must be approximately the same because of __________.
A. marking to market
B. the convergence property
C. the open interest
D. the triple witching hour
Q:
An established value below which a trader's margin may not fall is called the ________.
A. daily limit
B. daily margin
C. maintenance margin
D. convergence limit
Q:
Margin must be posted by ________.
A. buyers of futures contracts only
B. sellers of futures contracts only
C. both buyers and sellers of futures contracts
D. speculators only