Question

Which of the following is not a challenge for middle managers?

a. They are trying to influence change at the top while those at the top are directing them

b. They need to enforce change on subordinates while subordinates may be trying to initiate change

c. They are tempted to intervene in most all disputes and issues, even when it may not be helpful

d. Their managers will tell them exactly what decisions to make and how to proceed

Answer

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