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Question
Why do you think the U.S. Government has required universities and other organizations that conduct research to establish Institutional Review Boards that review research proposals to ensure that human subjects are protected from harm?Answer
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Related questions
Q:
Counselors with a strong professional identity are able to do all of the following EXCEPT
a. describe the services their profession renders to the public.
b. articulate the similarities and differences between their profession and other similar groups.
c. show pride in belonging to the counseling profession.
d. demonstrate that they hold a master's degree from a CACREP-accredited program.
e. explain the philosophy that underlies the activities of counselors.
Q:
Counselors who function according to mandatory ethics
a. believe that employers should require specific behaviors of counselors they hire
b. believe that their duty is to comply with basic "must" and "must not" statements in codes of ethics, and nothing more
c. believe counselors should determine what is ethical based on the specific situations in which they find themselves
d. would favor ethical standards that use the word "should," instead of the word "must"
e. would favor judging the actions of counselors based on the circumstances, rather than on strict rules
Q:
From the perspective of principle ethics, a counselor who is counseling a client planning a violent act against another person and who intervenes to notify family members is
a. sacrificing client autonomy in order to prevent harm and to do good.
b. sacrificing fidelity in order to be truthful.
c. sacrificing justice in order to be faithful to promises made.
d. sacrificing veracity in order to protect the client's anonymity.
e. sacrificing beneficence in order to promote fidelity.
Q:
The best statement about the nature of professional ethics in counseling is that
a. if counselors study ethical codes and keep current with the professional literature, they can be assured of practicing in an ethical manner.
b. in order to practice in an ethical manner, counselors must always be in compliance with federal and state laws.
c. because there are few absolute, right answers to ethical practice questions, consultation with counseling colleagues is very important when making ethical decisions.
d. because there are few absolute, right answers to ethical practice questions, consultation with lawyers is very important when making ethical decisions.
e. the ethical standards have changed very little in the last 50 years, so if counselors learn the rules, they will be able to practice in an ethical manner.
Q:
Researchers are ethically obligated to
a. compensate the participants in their research, either monetarily or by an acknowledgment
b. attempt to publish their results
c. offer feedback to the participants in the study
d. enlist the help of a statistician to interpret the results
e. destroy all records that might identify participants as soon as the study is completed
Q:
Students do NOT have to cite the source for information when the information
a. is considered common knowledge
b. is paraphrased rather than directly quoted
c. was retrieved from a source on the Internet
d. they are quoting from a text their professor has authord
e. they are quoting from the text used in the course for which they are writing the assigned paper
Q:
Plagiarism
a. is always just cause for expelling a student from a counselor training program
b. is summarizing a passage from another author's work without using quotation marks and giving the
source and page number where the passage was found
c. is difficult for professors to detect
d. is claiming the words and ideas of someone else as one's own
e. cannot be committed when the source of an idea is the Internet
Q:
In regard to giving credit to contributors to research projects in published reports
a. a footnote is sufficient.
b. every person who contributed must be listed as a co-author.
c. the major professor of a dissertation study must be listed as first author.
d. appropriate credit must be given, but there are no firm rules.
e. individuals who were paid to assist do not have to be given any credit.
Q:
Do you think a sexual relationship between a counselor and a former client is ever acceptable? Why or why not?
Q:
What are differences between a friendship and a counseling relationship?
Q:
The requirement that universities establish committees to review research proposals to ensure that human participants are protected is
a. a state law in all states.
b. required by the U.S. Constitution.
c. voluntarily adhered to throughout the United States.
d. a federal law that carries with it the penalty of loss of federal funds if violated.
e. a federal law that makes it a crime to do otherwise.
Q:
When a counselor who is working under supervision shares confidential information about clients with her or his supervisor
a. the counselor is legally responsible if the supervisor inappropriately discloses the confidential information to a third party
b. privileged communication is destroyed
c. this is acceptable behavior because the supervisor needs the information in order to supervise effectively
d. the information should be shared verbally, but not put in writing
e. the counselor is unethically breaching client confidentiality
Q:
Evaluation as an end in itself is a very different process from counseling. Why would a counselor want to be an evaluator?
Q:
How would you define "social justice"?
Q:
How should you get legal advice when a legal issue presents itself?
Q:
According to the United State Small Business Administration, the percentages of business that fail are
a. over 5% fail in the first year, and 15% fail within the first 5 years.
b. over 50% fail in the first year, and 95% fail within the first 5 years.
c. over 10% fail in the first year, and 25% fail within the first 5 years.
d. over 95% fail in the first year, and 99% fail within the first 5 years.
e. over 15% fail in the first year, and 35% fail within the first 5 years.
Q:
If a counselor were to purposefully make false oral statements that damaged the reputation of another mental health professional, the counselor could be sued for
a. slander.
b. libel.
c. malicious harm.
d. absolute privilege.
e. insubordination.
Q:
In the process of explaining informed consent in family counseling, counselors should
a. describe possible changes in family relationships that could occur as a result of family counseling.
b. explain that one family member will be designated as the "identified patient" for insurance reimbursement purposes.
c. assure family members that any changes made in family functioning as a result of counseling will be acceptable to all family members.
d. counsel separately, on an individual basis, any family member who expresses reluctance to participate in family counseling.
e. require each family member to sign a confidentiality pledge and agree not to discuss topics raised in session during the intervals between sessions.
Q:
When one spouse in a married couple demands that a counselor testify in court as to what occurred in counseling sessions, and the other spouse insists that the counselor not testify, the best course of action is for the counselor
a. to agree to testify because one spouse is demanding that.
b. refuse to testify because one spouse is insisting that the counselor not testify.
c. call the state licensure board for advice.
d. contact the ACA Ethics Committee and request an opinion.
e. consult with an attorney and follow his or her advice.
Q:
Pre-screening of group members
a. is a good idea, but is not required by the ACA Code of Ethics.
b. is required by the ACA Code of Ethics.
c. is recommended, but not required by the ACA Code of Ethics.
d. is an ethical practice that all counselors adhere to.
e. is an ethical standard that is meant to protect counselors from being sued.
Q:
A counselor who is beginning a group
a. should require all group members to sign a pledge to keep information from the group confidential.
b. should explain that nothing is confidential because group members do not have the same obligation as professional counselors to keep information private.
c. should explain that while the counselor will keep things confidential, there is no guarantee others in the group will do the same.
d. should guarantee all information in the group will remain private.
e. should explain that group members who violate the confidentiality of other group members will be reported to the counselor licensure board.
Q:
Family counselors often view the family system as their client and treat the family as one entity, as opposed to treating individual family members, and our laws
a. favor the rights of families as a whole over the rights of individual family members.
b. support family counselors by also viewing the family system as one entity.
c. create a "fiction" that a family is a person under the law.
d. view family members as having separate and distinct rights and responsibilities that are individual in nature.
e. do not recognize that families exist in our society.
Q:
Research has shown that school counselors are unanimous in believing that
a. confidentiality must be breached when students reveal they are using cocaine
b. "delicate cutting" is such risky behavior that parents must be notified
c. even young children are capable of giving informed consent to counseling
d. suicidal behavior poses a level of threat that requires breaching confidentiality
e. they should refer all children with serious depression when possible
Q:
As a professional counselor, you are required by law in all states to report
a. a client's threat to commit a burglary.
b. suspected child abuse or neglect.
c. unethical behavior of a colleague.
d. knowledge that a client has tested positive for HIV.
e. all of the above.
Q:
In determining whether a child is a danger to self or others, the counselor should do all of the following EXCEPT
a. consult with a colleague.
b. consider the age and maturity level of the client.
c. follow the institutional policy on the issue.
d. assure the client of complete confidentiality.
e. document any actions taken.
Q:
The ÂÂÂ_____________ credential is offered through the Center for Credentialing and Education by NBCC for those interested in specializing in distance counseling.
a. Distance Certified Counselor (DCC)
b. National Distance Counselor (NDC)
c. Certified Distance Counselor (CDC)
d. National Certified Distance Counselor (NCDC)
e. Distance Certified Counseling Specialist (DCCS)
Q:
When communicating with clients over the phone, counselors shoulda. inform the client that he or she must speak to the counselor face-to-face because phone communication of confidential issues is unethical.b. assume that the conversation cannot be intercepted due to encryption software on cell phones.c. acknowledge that the client is receiving services to unknown callers reporting that they know the client.d. state information off the record and informally if the client and counselor have good rapport.e. attempt to verify the client's identity, and demonstrate caution and professionalism when discussing confidential information.
Q:
Counselors may view a client's social media profile
a. never.
b. when the client has given the counselor consent to view the information.
c. if the counselor has concerns about a client's safety.
d. to determine whether the client shares acquaintances with the counselor.
e. to verify a client's identity.
Q:
All of the following statements regarding dual relationships are true, EXCEPT
a. it can be difficult to recognize potential dual relationships before they occur
b. the counseling profession has little consensus about their propriety, with the exception of sexual dual relationships
c. all dual relationships are avoidable if the counselor practices conscientiously
d. traditional notions about the propriety of dual relationships are being challenged by newer, innovative approaches to counseling
e. the potential outcomes of dual relationships range from beneficial to harmful
Q:
Alice is a Licensed Professional Counselor who has counseled Thomas for several months. An issue to which they have devoted considerable time is Thomas' fear of failure, particularly in terms of his ability to succeed academically and complete his G.E.D. When Thomas learns that he has passed his G.E.D. exam, he asks Alice to attend the ceremony at which he will receive his G.E.D. diploma, and she accepts the invitation. This is an example of
a. poor professional judgment.
b. a boundary violation.
c. a boundary crossing.
d. a detrimental dual relationship.
e. a violation of the code of ethics standard on non-professional relationships.