Q&A Hero

Q: _____________________ bonds can be exchanged for a fixed number of shares of the issuing corporation's common stock.

Q: ____________________ bonds reduce a bondholder's risk by requiring the issuer to create a fund of assets set aside as specified amounts and dates to repay the bonds at maturity.

Q: _______________ bonds are bonds that mature at more than one date, often in a series, and thus are usually repaid over a number of periods.

Q: ______________ bonds are bonds that are scheduled for maturity on one specified date.

Q: _______________ bonds have specific assets of the issuing company pledged as collateral.

Q: On January 1, Year 1 a company borrowed $70,000 cash by signing a 9% installment note that is to be repaid with 4 annual year-end payments of $21,607, the first of which is due on December 31, Year 1. (a) Prepare the company's journal entry to record the note's issuance. (b) Prepare the journal entries to record the first and second installment payments.

Q: A company previously issued $2,000,000, 10% bonds, receiving a $120,000 premium. On the current year's interest date, after the bond interest was paid and after 40% of the total premium had been amortized, the company purchased the entire bond issue on the open market at 98 and retired it. Prepare the journal entry to record the retirement of these bonds.

Q: A company has 10%, 20-year bonds outstanding with a par value of $500,000. The company calls the bonds at 96 when the unamortized discount is $24,500. Calculate the gain or loss on the retirement of these bonds.

Q: A company calls $150,000 par value of bonds with a carrying value of $147,950. The company calls the bonds at $151,000. Prepare the journal entry to record the retirement of the bonds.

Q: On March 1, a company issues bonds with a par value of $300,000. The bonds mature in 10 years, and pay 6% annual interest, payable each June 30 and December 31. The bonds sell at par value plus interest accrued since January 1. Prepare the general journal entry to record the issuance of the bonds on March 1.

Q: A company issues bonds with a par value of $800,000 on their issue date. The bonds mature in 5 years and pay 6% annual interest in two semiannual payments. On the issue date, the market rate of interest is 8%. Compute the price of the bonds on their issue date. The following information is taken from present value tables: Present value of an annuity for 10 periods at 3%.......................... 8.5302 Present value of an annuity for 10 periods at 4%.......................... 8.1109 Present value of 1 due in 10 periods at 3%................... 0.7441 Present value of 1 due in 10 periods at 4%....................................... 0.6756

Q: Martin Corporation issued $3,000,000 of 8%, 20-year bonds payable at par value on January 1. Interest is payable each June 30 and December 31. (a) Prepare the general journal entry to record the issuance of the bonds on January 1. (b) Prepare the general journal entry to record the first interest payment on June 30.

Q: On June 1, a company issued $200,000 of 12% bonds at their par value plus accrued interest. The interest on these bonds is payable semiannually on January 1 and July 1. Prepare the issuer's journal entry to record the bond issuance of June 1.

Q: On October 1 of the current year a corporation sold, at par plus accrued interest, $1,000,000 of its 12% bonds, which were dated July 1 of this year. What amount of bond interest expense should the company report on its current year income statement?

Q: Harrison Company's balance sheet reflects total assets of $250,000 and total liabilities of $150,000. Calculate the company's debt-to-equity ratio.

Q: A company enters into an agreement to make 5 annual year-end payments of $3,000 each, starting one year from now. The annual interest rate is 6%. The present value of an annuity factor for 5 periods, 6% is 4.2124. What is the present value of these five payments?

Q: Shin Company has a loan agreement that provides it with cash today, and the company must pay $25,000 4 years from today. Shin agrees to a 6% interest rate. The present value factor for 4 periods, 6% is 0.7921. What is the amount of cash that Shin Company receives today?

Q: Describe the recording procedures for the issuance, retirement, and paying of interest for notes.

Q: What are methods that a company may use to retire its bonds?

Q: Explain the amortization of a bond premium. Identify and describe the amortization methods available.

Q: Explain the accounting procedures when a bond's interest period does not coincide with the issuer's accounting period.

Q: Explain how to record the issuance and sale of a bond between interest payment dates.

Q: Explain the amortization of a bond discount. Identify and describe the amortization methods available.

Q: Describe the journal entries required to record the issuance of bonds and the payment of bond interest.

Q: What is a lease? Explain the difference between an operating lease and a capital lease.

Q: Explain the present value concept as it applies to long term liabilities.

Q: Describe installment notes and the way in which installment notes are paid.

Q: What is a bond? Identify and discuss the different types of bonds.

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Q: Match each of the following terms with the appropriate definitions. (a) Bond (b) Callable bonds (c) Annuity (d) Contract rate (e) Sinking fund bonds (f) Secured bonds (g) Carrying value (h) Premium on bonds (i) Bond indenture (j) Debt-to-equity ratio __________ (1) Bonds that have specific assets of the issuer pledged as collateral. __________ (2) A series of equal payments at equal intervals. __________ (3) The difference between the par value of a bond and its higher issue price or carrying value. __________ (4) Bonds that give the issuer an option of retiring them at a stated amount prior to maturity. __________ (5) The interest rate specified in the bond indenture. __________ (6) The contract between the bond issuer and the bondholder(s); it identifies the rights and obligations of the parties. __________ (7) Bonds that require the issuer to create a fund of assets at specified amounts and dates to repay the bonds at maturity. __________ (8) The net amount at which bonds are reported on the balance sheet. __________ (9) The ratio of total liabilities to total stockholders equity. __________ (10) A written promise to pay an amount identified as the par value along with interest at a stated rate.

Q: On January 1, $300,000 of par value bonds with a carrying value of $310,000 is converted to 50,000 shares of $5 par value common stock. The entry to record the conversion of the bonds includes all of the following entries except: A. Debit to Bonds Payable $310,000. B. Debit to Premium on Bonds Payable $10,000. C. Credit to Common Stock $250,000. D. Credit to Paid-In Capital in Excess of Par Value, Common Stock $60,000. E. Debit to Bonds Payable $300,000.

Q: All of the following statements regarding accounting treatments for liabilities under U.S. GAAP and IFRS are true except: A. Accounting for bonds and notes under U.S. GAAP and IFRS is similar. B. Both U.S. GAAP and IFRS require companies to distinguish between operating leases and capital leases. C. The criteria for identifying a lease as a capital lease are more general under IFRS. D. Both U.S. GAAP and IFRS require companies to record costs of retirement benefits as employees work and earn them. E. Use of the fair value option to account for bonds and notes is not acceptable under U.S. GAAP or IFRS.

Q: On January 1, a company issues bonds dated January 1 with a par value of $400,000. The bonds mature in 5 years. The contract rate is 7%, and interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31. The market rate is 8% and the bonds are sold for $383,793. The journal entry to record the first interest payment using the effective interest method of amortization is: A. Debit Interest Expense $12,648.28; debit Premium on Bonds Payable $1,351.72; credit Cash $14,000.00. B. Debit Interest Payable $14,000.00; credit Cash $14,000.00. C. Debit Interest Expense $12,648.28; debit Discount on Bonds Payable $1,351.72; credit Cash $14,000.00. D. Debit Interest Expense $15,351.72; credit Discount on Bonds Payable $1,351.72; credit Cash $14,000.00. E. Debit Interest Expense $15,351.72; credit Premium on Bonds Payable $1,351.72; credit Cash $14,000.00.

Q: On January 1, a company issues bonds dated January 1 with a par value of $400,000. The bonds mature in 5 years. The contract rate is 7%, and interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31. The market rate is 8% and the bonds are sold for $383,793. The journal entry to record the first interest payment using straight-line amortization is: A. Debit Interest Payable $14,000.00; credit Cash $14,000.00. B. Debit Interest Expense $14,000.00; credit Cash $14,000.00. C. Debit Interest Expense $15,620.70; credit Discount on Bonds Payable $1,620.70; credit Cash $14,000.00. D. Debit Interest Expense $12,379.30; debit Discount on Bonds Payable $1,620.70; credit Cash $14,000.00. E. Debit Interest Expense $15,620.70; credit Premium on Bonds Payable $1,620.70; credit Cash $14,000.00.

Q: On January 1, a company issues bonds dated January 1 with a par value of $300,000. The bonds mature in 5 years. The contract rate is 9%, and interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31. The market rate is 8% and the bonds are sold for $312,177. The journal entry to record the first interest payment using the effective interest method of amortization is: A. Debit Interest Expense $12,487.08; debit Premium on Bonds Payable $1,012.92; credit Cash $13,500.00. B. Debit Interest Payable $13,500; credit Cash $13,500.00. C. Debit Interest Expense $12,487.08; debit Discount on Bonds Payable $1,012.92; credit Cash $13,500.00. D. Debit Interest Expense $14,717.70; credit Premium on Bonds Payable $1,217.70; credit Cash $13,500.00. E. Debit Interest Expense $12,282.30; debit Premium on Bonds Payable $1,217.70; credit Cash $13,500.00.

Q: On January 1, a company issues bonds dated January 1 with a par value of $300,000. The bonds mature in 5 years. The contract rate is 9%, and interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31. The market rate is 8% and the bonds are sold for $312,177. The journal entry to record the first interest payment using straight-line amortization is: A. Debit Interest Payable $13,500; credit Cash $13,500.00. B. Debit Interest Expense $12,282.30; debit Discount on Bonds Payable $1,217.70; credit Cash $13,500.00. C. Debit Interest Expense $14,717.70; credit Premium on Bonds Payable $1,217.70; credit Cash $13,500.00. D. Debit Interest Expense $14,717.70; credit Discount on Bonds Payable $1,217.70; credit Cash $13,500.00. E. Debit Interest Expense $12,282.30; debit Premium on Bonds Payable $1,217.70; credit Cash $13,500.00.

Q: On January 1, a company issues bonds dated January 1 with a par value of $300,000. The bonds mature in 5 years. The contract rate is 9%, and interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31. The market rate is 8% and the bonds are sold for $312,177. The journal entry to record the issuance of the bond is: A. Debit Cash $312,177; credit Discount on Bonds Payable $12,177; credit Bonds Payable $300,000. B. Debit Cash $300,000; debit Premium on Bonds Payable $12,177; credit Bonds Payable $312,177. C. Debit Bonds Payable $300,000; debit Interest Expense $12,177; credit Cash $312,177. D. Debit Cash $312,177; credit Premium on Bonds Payable $12,177; credit Bonds Payable $300,000. E. Debit Cash $312,177; credit Bonds Payable $312,177.

Q: On January 1, Year 1, Merrill Company borrowed $100,000 on a 10-year, 7% installment note payable. The terms of the note require Merrill to pay 10 equal payments of $14,238 each December 31 for 10 years. The required general journal entry to record the first payment on the note on December 31, Year 1 is: A. Debit Interest Expense $7,000; debit Notes Payable $7,238; credit Cash $14,238. B. Debit Notes Payable $7,000; debit Interest Expense $7,238; credit Cash $14,238. C. Debit Notes Payable $10,000; debit Interest Expense $7,000; credit Cash $17,000. D. Debit Notes Payable $14,238; credit Cash $14,238. E. Debit Notes Payable $10,000; debit Interest Expense $4,238; credit Cash $14,238.

Q: A corporation borrowed $125,000 cash by signing a 5-year, 9% installment note requiring equal annual payments each December 31 of $32,136. What journal entry would the issuer record for the first payment? A. Debit Interest Expense $7,136; debit Notes Payable $25,000; credit Cash $32,136. B. Debit Notes Payable $32,136; debit Interest Payable $11,250; credit Cash $43,386. C. Debit Interest Expense $11,250; debit Notes Payable $20,886; credit Cash $32,136. D. Debit Notes Payable $32,136; credit Cash $32,136. E. Debit Notes Payable $11,250; credit Cash $11,250.

Q: On October 1, a $30,000, 6%, 3-year installment note payable is issued by a company. The note requires equal payments of principal plus accrued interest be paid at the end of each year on September 30. The present value of an annuity factor for 3 years at 6% is 2.6730. The payment will be: A. $10,000.00. B. $11,223.34. C. $10,800.00. D. $10,400.00. E. $1,223.34.

Q: A corporation issued 8% bonds with a par value of $1,000,000, receiving a $20,000 premium. On the interest date 5 years later, after the bond interest was paid and after 40% of the premium had been amortized, the corporation purchased the entire issue on the open market at 99 and retired it. The gain or loss on this retirement is: A. $0. B. $10,000 gain. C. $10,000 loss. D. $22,000 gain. E. $22,000 loss.

Q: A company has bonds outstanding with a par value of $100,000. The unamortized premium on these bonds is $2,700. If the company retired these bonds at a call price of 99, the gain or loss on this retirement is: A. $ 1,000 gain. B. $ 1,000 loss. C. $ 2,700 loss. D. $ 2,700 gain. E. $ 3,700 gain.

Q: A company has bonds outstanding with a par value of $100,000. The unamortized discount on these bonds is $4,500. The company retired these bonds by buying them on the open market at 97. What is the gain or loss on this retirement? A. $0 gain or loss. B. $1,500 gain. C. $1,500 loss. D. $3,000 gain. E. $3,000 loss.

Q: Bonds that give the issuer an option of retiring them before they mature are: A. Debentures. B. Serial bonds. C. Sinking fund bonds. D. Registered bonds. E. Callable bonds.

Q: A company may retire bonds by: A. Exercising a call option. B. The holders converting them to stock. C. Purchasing the bonds on the open market. D. Paying them off at maturity. E. All of the choices are correct.

Q: A company issues at par 9% bonds with a par value of $100,000 on April 1. The bonds pay interest semi-annually on January 1 and July 1. The cash received on July 1 by the bond holder(s) is: A. $1,500. B. $3,000. C. $4,500. D. $6,000. E. $7,500.

Q: A company issues at par 9% bonds with a par value of $100,000 on April 1, which is 4 months after the most recent interest date. The cash received for accrued interest on April 1 by the bond issuer is: A. $ 750. B. $5,250. C. $1,500. D. $3,000. E. $6,000.

Q: If an issuer sells bonds at a date other than an interest payment date: A. This means the bonds sell at a premium. B. This means the bonds sell at a discount. C. The issuing company will report a loss on the sale of the bonds. D. The issuing company will report a gain on the sale of the bonds. E. The buyers normally pay the issuer the purchase price plus any interest accrued since the prior interest payment date.

Q: A company received cash proceeds of $206,948 on a bond issue with a par value of $200,000. The difference between par value and issue price for this bond is recorded as a: A. Credit to Interest Income. B. Credit to Premium on Bonds Payable. C. Credit to Discount on Bonds Payable. D. Debit to Premium on Bonds Payable. E. Debit to Discount on Bonds Payable.

Q: Adidas issued 10-year, 8% bonds with a par value of $200,000. Interest is paid semiannually. The market rate on the issue date was 7.5%. Adidas received $206,948 in cash proceeds. Which of the following statements is true? A. Adidas must pay $200,000 at maturity and no interest payments. B. Adidas must pay $206,948 at maturity and no interest payments. C. Adidas must pay $200,000 at maturity plus 20 interest payments of $8,000 each. D. Adidas must pay $206,948 at maturity plus 20 interest payments of $8,000 each. E. Adidas must pay $200,000 at maturity plus 20 interest payments of $7,500 each.

Q: The Premium on Bonds Payable account is a(n): A. Revenue account. B. Adjunct or accretion liability account. C. Contra revenue account. D. Contra asset account. E. Contra liability account.

Q: The market value of a bond is equal to: A. The present value of all future cash payments provided by a bond. B. The present value of all future interest payments provided by a bond. C. The present value of the principal for an interest-bearing bond. D. The future value of all future cash payments provided by a bond. E. The future value of all future interest payments provided by a bond.

Q: The effective interest amortization method: A. Allocates bond interest expense over the bonds life using a changing interest rate. B. Allocates bond interest expense over the bonds life using a constant interest rate. C. Allocates a decreasing amount of interest over the life of a discounted bond. D. Allocates bond interest expense using the current market rate for each interest period. E. Is not allowed by the FASB.

Q: A discount on bonds payable: A. Occurs when a company issues bonds with a contract rate less than the market rate. B. Occurs when a company issues bonds with a contract rate more than the market rate. C. Increases the Bond Payable account. D. Decreases the total bond interest expense. E. Is not allowed in many states to protect creditors.

Q: The Discount on Bonds Payable account is: A. A liability. B. A contra liability. C. An expense. D. A contra expense. E. A contra equity.

Q: Amortizing a bond discount: A. Allocates a portion of the total discount to interest expense each interest period. B. Increases the market value of the Bonds Payable. C. Decreases the Bonds Payable account. D. Decreases interest expense each period. E. Increases cash flows from the bond.

Q: On January 1 of Year 1, Drum Line Airways issued $3,500,000 of par value bonds for $3,200,000. The bonds pay interest semiannually on January 1 and July 1. The contract rate of interest is 7% while the market rate of interest for similar bonds is 8%. The bond premium or discount is being amortized using the straight-line method at a rate of $10,000 every six months. The life of these bonds is: A. 15 years. B. 30 years. C. 26.5 years. D. 32 years E. 35 years.

Q: On January 1 of Year 1, Drum Line Airways issued $3,500,000 of par value bonds for $3,200,000. The bonds pay interest semiannually on January 1 and July 1. The contract rate of interest is 7% while the market rate of interest for similar bonds is 8%. The bond premium or discount is being amortized at a rate of $10,000 every six months. The amount of interest expense recognized by Drum Line Airways on the bond issue in Year 1 would be: A. $132,500. B. $225,000. C. $265,000. D. $245,000. E. $280,000.

Q: A bond sells at a discount when the: A. Contract rate is above the market rate. B. Contract rate is equal to the market rate. C. Contract rate is below the market rate. D. Bond has a short-term life. E. Bond pays interest only once a year.

Q: When a bond sells at a premium: A. The contract rate is above the market rate. B. The contract rate is equal to the market rate. C. The contract rate is below the market rate. D. It means that the bond is a zero coupon bond. E. The bond pays no interest.

Q: Bonds can be issued: A. At par. B. At a premium. C. At a discount. D. Between interest payment dates. E. All of the choices are correct.

Q: Tart Company's most recent balance sheet reports total assets of $42,000,000, total liabilities of $16,000,000 and stockholders' equity of $26,000,000. Management is considering using $3,000,000 of excess cash to prepay $3,000,000 of outstanding bonds. What effect, if any, would prepaying the bonds have on the company's debt-to-equity ratio? A. Prepaying the debt would cause the firm's debt-to-equity ratio to improve from .62 to .50. B. Prepaying the debt would cause the firm's debt-to-equity ratio to improve from .62 to .57. C. Prepaying the debt would cause the firm's debt-to-equity ratio to worsen from .62 to .50. D. Prepaying the debt would cause the firm's debt-to-equity ratio to worsen from .62 to .57. E. Prepaying the debt would cause the firm's debt-to-equity ratio to remain unchanged.

Q: Pitt Corporation's most recent balance sheet reports total assets of $35,000,000 and total liabilities of $17,500,000. Management is considering issuing $5,000,000 of par value bonds (at par) with a maturity date of ten years and a contract rate of 7%. What effect, if any, would issuing the bonds have on the company's debt-to-equity ratio? A. Issuing the bonds would cause the firm's debt-to-equity ratio to improve from 1.0 to 1.3. B. Issuing the bonds would cause the firm's debt-to-equity ratio to worsen from 1.0 to 1.3. C. Issuing the bonds would cause the firm's debt-to-equity ratio to remain unchanged. D. Issuing the bonds would cause the firm's debt-to-equity ratio to improve from .5 to .8. E. Issuing the bonds would cause the firm's debt-to-equity ratio to worsen from .5 to .8.

Q: The debt-to-equity ratio: A. Is calculated by dividing book value of secured liabilities by book value of pledged assets. B. Is a means of assessing the risk of a company's financing structure. C. Is not relevant to secured creditors. D. Can always be calculated from information provided in a company's income statement. E. Must be calculated from the market values of assets and liabilities.

Q: Which of the following accurately describes a debenture? A. A legal contract between the bond issuer and the bondholders. B. A type of bond issued in the names and addresses of the bondholders. C. A type of bond which requires the bond issuer to create a sinking fund of assets set aside at specified amounts and dates to repay the bonds. D. A type of bond which is not collateralized but backed only by the issuer's general credit standing. E. A type of bond that can be exchanged for a fixed number of shares of the issuing corporation's common stock.

Q: The party that has the right to exercise the call option on callable bonds is(are): A. The bondholders. B. The bond issuer. C. The bond indenture. D. The bond trustee. E. The bond underwriter.

Q: Collateral agreements for a note or bond can: A. Lower the risk in comparison with unsecured debt. B. Increase the risk in comparison with unsecured debt. C. Have no effect on risk. D. Reduce the issuer's assets. E. Increase total cost for the borrower.

Q: A bondholder that owns a $1,000, 10%, 10-year bond has: A. Ownership rights in the issuing company. B. The right to receive $10 per year until maturity. C. The right to receive $1,000 at maturity. D. The right to receive $10,000 at maturity. E. The right to receive dividends of $1,000 per year.

Q: Which of the following statements is true? A. Interest on bonds is tax deductible. B. Interest on bonds is not tax deductible. C. Dividends to stockholders are tax deductible. D. Bonds do not have to be repaid. E. Bonds always increase return on equity.

Q: A disadvantage of bonds is: A. Bonds require payment of periodic interest. B. Bonds require payment of par value at maturity. C. Bonds can decrease return on equity. D. Bond payments can be burdensome when income and cash flow are low. E. All of the choices are correct.

Q: An advantage of bond financing is: A. Bonds do not affect owners' control. B. Interest on bonds is tax deductible. C. Bonds can increase return on equity. D. It allows firms to trade on the equity. E. All of the choices are correct.

Q: All of the following statements regarding leases are true except: A. For a capital lease the lessee records the leased item as its own asset. B. For a capital lease the lessee depreciates the asset acquired under the lease, but for an operating lease the lessee does not. C. Capital leases create a long-term liability on the balance sheet, but operating leases do not. D. Capital leases do not transfer ownership of the asset under the lease, but operating leases often do. E. For an operating lease the lessee reports the lease payments as rental expense.

Q: A pension plan: A. Is a contractual agreement between an employer and its employees in which the employer provides benefits to employees after they retire. B. Can be underfunded if the accumulated benefit obligation is more than the plan assets. C. Can include a plan administrator who receives payments from the employer, invests them in pension assets, and makes benefit payments to pension recipients. D. Can be a defined benefit plan in which future benefits are set, but the employer's contributions vary depending on assumptions about future pension assets and liabilities. E. All of the choices are correct.

Q: A company borrowed $50,000 cash from the bank and signed a 6-year note at 7%. The present value of an annuity for 6 years at 7% is 4.7665. The annual annuity payments equal: A. $ 10,489.88. B. $ 11,004.88. C. $ 50,000.00. D. $ 52,450.00. E. $238,325.00.

Q: A company must repay the bank a single payment of $10,000 cash in 3 years for a loan it entered into. The loan is at 8% interest compounded annually. The present value factor for 3 years at 8% is 0.7938. The present value of the loan is: A. $10,000. B. $12,400. C. $ 7,938. D. $ 9,200. E. $ 7,600.

Q: The carrying value of bonds at maturity is always equal to: A. the amount of cash originally received in exchange for the bonds. B. the par value that the issuer pays the holder. C. the amount of discount or premium. D. the amount of cash originally received in exchange for the bonds plus any unamortized discount or less any premium. E. $0.

Q: The carrying value of a long-term note payable: A. Is computed as the future value of all remaining future payments, using the market rate of interest. B. Is the face value of the long-term note less the total of all future interest payments. C. Is computed as the present value of all remaining future payments, discounted using the market rate of interest at the time of issuance. D. Is computed as the present value of all remaining interest payments, discounted using the note's rate of interest. E. Decreases each time period the discount on the note is amortized.

Q: Promissory notes that require the issuer to make a series of payments consisting of both interest and principal are: A. Debentures. B. Discounted notes. C. Installment notes. D. Indentures. E. Investment notes.

Q: To provide security to creditors and to reduce interest costs, bonds and notes payable can be secured by: A. Safe deposit boxes. B. Mortgages. C. Equity. D. The FASB. E. Debentures.

Q: Bonds that mature at different dates with the result that the entire principal amount is repaid gradually over a number of periods are known as: A. Registered bonds. B. Bearer bonds. C. Callable bonds. D. Sinking fund bonds. E. Serial bonds.