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Q:
Surviving and thriving in the face of serious trauma or adversity is known as ____________________.
Q:
A severe out-of-the-ordinary stressor such as military combat and war can lead to ____________________.
Q:
____________________ is the union of the mind, body, and spirit.
Q:
Mentally picturing a calm image of a lake is an example of ____________________.
Q:
Writing your feelings down is a way of working through stress, called ____________________.
Q:
Adopting attitudes and behaviors that are the opposite of what you feel is called ____________________.
Q:
A defense mechanism that people use when they refuse to accept a painful reality is ____________________.
Q:
Terrorism is considered to be a(n) ____________________ stressor.
Q:
____________________ is a state of physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion brought on by constant emotional pressure.
Q:
Violent, aggressive driving is called ____________________.
Q:
_________________ encounter more problems with social adjustment and are less likely to share their experiences with family and friends, resulting in lessened social support.
Q:
Under immediate stress, the adrenal glands produce ____________________.
Q:
The ____________________ model explains behaviors as a result of both biological factors and nurturing factors.
Q:
____________________ stress is an individual's view of how challenging life is.
Q:
____________________ stressors are traumatic experiences that occurred long ago.
Q:
When stressors are ongoing with no clear endpoint, they are considered to be ____________________.
Q:
____________________ stressors are serious challenges such as meeting a project deadline.
Q:
____________________ stressors include anxiety-provoking situations such as public speaking.
Q:
To overcome procrastination, which of the following might be useful?
a. Develop ground rules for meeting your own needs.
b. Do what you like most first.
c. Tackle the whole task rather than breaking it down.
d. Forget schedules and calendars.
Q:
Which statement is true of procrastination?
a. Procrastination has no benefits.
b. Students who procrastinate have fewer health problems.
c. In the short-term, procrastination results in low stress periods.
d. Younger students are more likely to procrastinate than older students.
Q:
After his daughter Polly was kidnapped and murdered, Marc Klaas became an advocate for missing and endangered children. What does this illustrate?
a. repression
b. resilience
c. regression
d. reaction formation
Q:
Odell has just been diagnosed with cancer. Which response to the diagnosis reflects a high degree of self-efficacy?
a. having a "so what" attitude
b. believing that, with the help of doctors, he can beat the cancer
c. refusing to believe the diagnosis is fatal
d. believing that the will of a higher power will be done no matter what
Q:
People who deal well with adversity often have had previous experiences coping with adversity that has toughened them. What is this called?
a. stress inoculation
b. self-efficacy
c. exhaustion
d. practice-effects
Q:
Which statement accurately describes the treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder?
a. Only medication is effective.
b. No treatment is best; it will resolve naturally.
c. Debriefing is the most effective approach.
d. No single approach works for all.
Q:
What proportion of Iraq and Afghanistan combat veterans develop post-traumatic stress disorder?
a. less than one-tenth
b. one-quarter to one-third
c. one-third to one-half
d. one-half to two-thirds
Q:
A psychological response to an out-of-the-ordinary stressor is one definition for ____.
a. psychosis
b. an adjustment disorder
c. distress
d. posttraumatic stress disorder
Q:
A common response to a trauma is ____.
a. faster decision-making
b. apathy and emotional numbing
c. an increase in the amount one sleeps
d. refocusing on work
Q:
After a major trauma, most people ____.
a. recover fully
b. require the assistance of psychotherapists to recover
c. will suffer from PTSD for 5"10 years
d. develop a mild form of schizophrenia
Q:
Which statement best describes the practice of yoga?
a. Yoga is less effective than aerobic exercise in producing feelings of well-being.
b. Yoga is regularly practiced by more than 25 million Americans.
c. While enjoyable, yoga has no reliable impact on physical or psychological health.
d. Yoga may reduce compounds associated with inflammation.
Q:
A modern form of an ancient Asian technique called mindfulness focuses on ____.
a. visualizing positive thoughts
b. maintaining an awareness of the present moment
c. meditating on prayers or chants
d. incorporating biofeedback
Q:
Biofeedback typically employs which of the following techniques?
a. visualization of pleasant images to counteract negative emotions
b. destressing exercises with significant physical movement
c. meditation and yoga technique with little physical movement
d. electronic monitoring device to gain control over muscle tension and heart rate
Q:
When you use a relaxation technique that involves creating mental pictures that calm you down and focus your mind, you are using ____.
a. visualization
b. mindfulness
c. meditation
d. biofeedback
Q:
You want to apply a relaxation technique that works by intentionally increasing and then decreasing tension in the muscle. What technique would you use?
a. biofeedback
b. guided imagery
c. progressive relaxation
d. meditation
Q:
Brittanie, who has herself occasionally cheated on tests and not felt badly about it, joins in harshly condemning a group of students who have been caught cheating. What defense mechanism does this illustrate?
a. denial
b. repression
c. rationalization
d. reaction formation
Q:
Ilene just failed a test and when she gets home, snaps at her roommate for failing to put her dirty dishes in the sink. What defense mechanism does this illustrate?
a. projection
b. denial
c. rationalization
d. displacement
Q:
Studies of college students with learning disabilities have found that, in comparison to students without learning disabilities, those with disabilities ____.
a. report more stress
b. are more resilient
c. have a lower need for achievement
d. show less initiative
Q:
According to the American College Health Association, what percentage of students report experiencing overwhelming anger in the past 12 months?
a. 16%
b. 26%
c. 36%
d. 46%
Q:
Recent changes in the economy has created an epidemic of financial stress. According to the American Psychological Association, what proportion of Americans describe their stress level as extreme?
a. about one in ten
b. one-quarter
c. one-third
d. two-thirds
Q:
The process of psychosocial change by which an ethnic minority changes as a consequence of contact with the ethnic majority is called ____.
a. integration
b. revisionism
c. acculturation
d. passing
Q:
Who among the following is most likely to experience test-related stress?
a. Laurice, a perfectionist who has never gotten a grade below an A minus
b. Harrison, who is facing academic suspension but feels he is likely to do poorly on his exams
c. Sharan, who is an average student but wants to do better
d. Andreas, who is a good student and wants to do well academically while having a good time at college
Q:
Daniel's sophomore year seems to be especially stressful. If he is like most college students, what is more likely to be causing his stress?
a. academics
b. health
c. social relationships
d. family relationships
Q:
If your college is similar to those included in the recent American College Health Association's assessment of stress, ____.
a. female students are nearly twice as likely as male students to report their stress is less than average.
b. more than half of students, overall, report average levels of stress.
c. male students are nearly twice as likely as female students to report higher than average levels of stress.
d. nearly one in 10 students, overall, feel they are under tremendous stress.
Q:
Fawn eats when she is stressed and knows she will be really stressed during exam week. Which food would be healthiest for her to stock up on?
a. cola
b. chocolate
c. whole-grain crackers
d. ice cream
Q:
Burton is under extreme stress and has just been diagnosed with an ulcer. How are ulcers and stress related?
a. They are not. Burton's diagnosis is a coincidence.
b. Stress causes erosion of the lining of the stomach.
c. Stress increases susceptibility toHelicobater pyloriinfection.
d. Stress increases activity of the digestive system.
Q:
Ginny has been under severe stress for a prolonged period of time when she is diagnosed with metabolic syndrome and told that she is at high risk for diabetes. What hormone may be responsible?
a. androgen
b. dopamine
c. progestin
d. cortisol
Q:
Prolonged stress can ____.
a. cause brain cells to multiply
b. reduce the effectiveness of cancer treatment
c. lead to lower blood pressure
d. cause telomeres to lengthen
Q:
The body undergoes many physiological changes that occur during the fight-or-flight response. What is one of these?
a. The heart pumps less blood.
b. Breathing slows.
c. The brain becomes extra alert.
d. The digestive system speeds up.
Q:
Which of the following is considered a stress hormone?
a. TSH
b. testosterone
c. cortisol
d. progestin
Q:
Stress can shorten your life when it alters DNA by ____.
a. shortening telomeres
b. scrambling the genetic code
c. causing mutations
d. widespread destruction
Q:
Christopher is working his way through college and barely making it financially. He has, however, retained his status in the honors program and seems reasonably contented and healthy. Which element below is likely to contribute to Christopher's ability to cope with workplace, academic, and financial stress?
a. good self-esteem
b. psychiatric medication
c. having a few beers after work
d. being too tired to care
Q:
Lillian, raised by a single mother who suffered from terrible depression and was often hospitalized, has, herself, often struggled. After a semester filled with academic and interpersonal problems, Lillian is diagnosed with major depression. What model of stress does this best illustrate?
a. general adaptation
b. cognitive transactional
c. diathesis stress
d. life events
Q:
Ingrid's motto seems to be, "always be prepared," and she has great confidence in her ability to cope. As a result, when she faces stress, she typically believes she can cope with the stress without harm to herself. What stress model does this exemplify?
a. general adaptation
b. cognitive transactional
c. diathesis stress
d. life events
Q:
Harrison lists the stressors he has experienced in the past year: roommate problems, having to move to a new apartment, academic problems, the break-up of a long-term romantic relationship, and so on. What approach to stress is Harrison illustrating?
a. general adaptation
b. cognitive transactional
c. diathesis stress
d. life events
Q:
Paula's three year-old daughter was diagnosed with cancer and is undergoing treatment. After the initial shock wore off, Paula became determined to keep life as normal as possible for herself and her daughter. What phase of stress does this illustrate?
a. adaptive
b. alarm
c. resistance
d. exhaustion
Q:
Cristof just heard on the TV that a major winter storm is moving in and is likely to cause serious disruptions and substantial danger. Cristof's pulse and blood pressure have increased and he is feeling stress. What phase of stress is he most likely experiencing?
a. adaptive
b. alarm
c. resistance
d. exhaustion
Q:
The body attempts to restore homeostasis during the ____.
a. alarm reaction
b. fight-or-flight response
c. adaptive response
d. resistance phase
Q:
Homeostasis refers to keeping our bodies in a(n) ____.
a. unstable physiological state
b. stable and consistent physiological state
c. constant state of exhaustion
d. constant state of alertness
Q:
Dara explains to her friend that she is under tremendous stress because she has been unable to find a new job after being laid off. She vividly describes her initial sense of terror as she realized the implications of her job loss, her long period of searching for a new job and trying to remain optimistic, and how now, several months later, she falls apart with the slightest stress. What stress model is Dara describing?
a. adaptive response system
b. cognitive-transactional model
c. alarm reaction
d. general adaptation syndrome
Q:
Distress refers to the ____.
a. negative effects of stress
b. alarm reactions of the body
c. happy events in our life
d. adaptation of harmful events
Q:
New parents Frida and Justen are completely exhausted after the first night home with their newborn twins. While the babies are napping the next day, Frida and Justen remain wide awake and overwhelmed, yet strangely thrilled and happier at the same time. This best illustrates ____.
a. chronic stress
b. distant stress
c. acute stress
d. eustress
Q:
Caroline is terrified of public speaking, but must give a brief report in front of the class. In this situation, giving the public talk is a(n) ____.
a. chronic stressor
b. brief naturalistic stressor
c. stressful event sequence
d. distant stressor
Q:
Which phrase best describes eustress?
a. chronic stress
b. positive stress
c. a nonspecific response
d. negative stress
Q:
Stress is a(n) ____.
a. adaptive response to the body
b. resistant force on the body
c. nonspecific response on the body to any demand that is made
d. homeostasis response
Q:
Which psychotherapy technique utilizes the patient's earliest experience and unconscious influences?
a. cognitive-behavioral therapy
b. interpersonal therapy
c. behavioral therapy
d. psychodynamic therapy
Q:
The most common goal of psychotherapy is to ____.
a. eliminate all anxiety disorders
b. introduce the patient to alternative mood-mind products
c. relive past events
d. improve quality of life
Q:
Which type of therapist must be licensed in most states?
a. psychologists
b. life coaches
c. hypnotherapists
d. pastoral counselors
Q:
Which type of therapist is also a medical doctor allowed to prescribe medications?
a. social worker
b. psychologist
c. counselor
d. psychiatrist
Q:
Which of the following would be considered the biggest risk factor for suicide?
a. substance abuse
b. obsessions
c. compulsive behaviors
d. gender
Q:
What percentage of autistic individuals also have another mental disorder requiring treatment?
a. 35%
b. 46%
c. 57%
d. 70%
Q:
Schizophrenia is linked most to ____.
a. genetics
b. social conditioning
c. upbringing
d. traumatic experiences
Q:
Schizophrenia mainly affects one's sense of ____.
a. perception
b. feelings
c. sexual libido
d. reality
Q:
The vast majority of people with schizophrenia are treated with ____.
a. psychotherapy
b. hypnosis
c. anti-psychotic drugs
d. hospitalization
Q:
Which statement best describes attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
a. ADHD looks the same in adults as it does in children.
b. ADHD can effectively be treated with psychological therapies.
c. ADHD is usually outgrown by age 18.
d. ADHD can be treated with stimulants.
Q:
The most common mental disorder in childhood is ____.
a. OCD
b. ADHD
c. depression
d. schizophrenia
Q:
An individual who feels the need to check and recheck repeatedly whether or not the stove was turned off is probably suffering from ____.
a. obsessive-compulsive disorder
b. bipolar disorder
c. generalized anxiety disorder
d. major depression
Q:
Which phrase best describes a compulsion?
a. an unrealistic apprehension that causes physical symptoms
b. a recurring thought, idea, or image that is initially senseless
c. repetitive behavior performed according to certain rules
d. irrational, intense fear of certain objects
Q:
Which phrase best describes an obsession?
a. an unrealistic apprehension that causes physical symptoms
b. a recurring thought, idea, or image that is initially senseless
c. repetitive behavior performed according to certain rules
d. irrational, intense fear of certain objects
Q:
How many American adults suffer from generalized anxiety disorder?
a. 5 million
b. 10 million
c. 15 million
d. 20 million
Q:
Generalized anxiety disorder is an unrealistic apprehension that causes physical symptoms and lasts for more than ____.
a. six days
b. six weeks
c. six months
d. six years
Q:
What is the primary choice for treating panic attacks?
a. systematic desensitization
b. cognitive-behavior therapy
c. hospitalization
d. hypnotherapy