Q&A Hero

Q: The degree to which different elements of work need to fit together refers to them as being ____________________.

Q: ____________________ is based on the premise that there is no one best universal way to organize but that the best way to structure and manage an organization depends on its unique work, environment and strategy.

Q: ____ coordination captures aspects of both the programming and feedback approaches to coordination.a. Alliance c. Relationalb. Conditioned d. Intuitive

Q: ____ is the exchange of information about work performance between two people who are not in a hierarchical relationship.a. Consensual agreement c. Shared objectivesb. Mutual adjustment d. Alienated forces

Q: ____ is the specification of the training required to perform work.a. Standardization of work c. Standardization of complianceb. Standardization of skills d. Standardization of competence

Q: ____ organizational structures maintain their traditional functional structures and create program structures for just one or two programs.a. Divergent c. Duplicateb. Decentralized d. Hybrid

Q: The purpose of ____ is to bring people together, while avoiding the negative effects of differences in power of different participants and of limits in perspectives of each department and level in the hierarchy.a. parallel organization c. process evaluationb. informed consent d. external organization

Q: ____ are programs that are organized around diseases or conditions, patient populations or "technologies."a. Individualized components c. Service linesb. Tailored services d. Consolidated services

Q: A(n) ____ is a temporary structure which disbands once program-related problem is addressed.a. program task force c. intermediate departmentb. monopoly d. mediation force

Q: In ____ structure, segmentation is based on specialty departments.a. functional c. aggregateb. productive d. program

Q: Three types of interdependence include ____.a. pooled, standard, and reasonable c. patterened, sequential, and reciprocalb. patterned, standard and reasonable d. pooled, sequential, and reciprocal

Q: ____ refers to the needed differences in both structure and employee orientations among different organization units.a. Divergence c. Distinctionb. Differentiation d. Dichotomy

Q: Match each item with a statement below:a. administrative leadershipb. middle managersc. people-oriented leadershipd. front-line managerse. succession planningf. transactional leadershipg. valuesh. goalsi. leadershipj. organizational culture 1) Deepest level of basic and shared assumptions and beliefs2) Incorporates interdisciplinary teamwork, collaboration, role clarity and innovation3) Allows smooth transitions and keeps the costs of transitions low4) Referred to as "linking pins"5) Instrumental and interpersonal support provided by those who hold senior positions in the organization6) Provide supervision directly to care providers7) Process in which one engages others to set and achieve a common goal, often an organizationally defined goal8) What ought to be found in an organization, distinct from what does exist9) Relies on direct appeals for performance through explicit reward structures10) Large aspirations of the organization

Q: Transformational leadership is effective because it changes the attitudes, values and behaviors of staff in ways that align with ____________________ goals.

Q: Research suggests that health care leaders as a group rely more on ___________________ styles.

Q: ____________________ has been defined as those who "share a common purpose with the leader, believes in what the organization is trying to accomplish, and wants both the leader and the organization to succeed."

Q: Indicators, sometimes termed metrics, are the items measured to determine ____________________.

Q: Illustrative evaluative criteria are the degree to which the strategy under consideration is 1) effective to addressing the problem, 2) cost-effective, 3) consistent with the organizational overall strategy, 4) timely in effect, or 5)____________________.

Q: In order to design strategies, a(n) ____________________ can help identify the causal factors associated with the problem.

Q: ____________________ is an approach to integrating the strategic function of leadership involving goal and objective setting with the subsequent organizational action required to achieve the set objectives.

Q: Theoretically, transformational leadership is contrasted to ____________________.

Q: ____________________ examine how those in leadership roles are influenced by their surrounding environment and the subsequent performance within specific contexts.

Q: Leadership can be defined as the process in which one engages others to set and achieve a common ____________________.

Q: Processing the stress related to leadership action is recommended as a routine approach to self-____ in leadership positions.a. fulfillment c. destructionb. care d. motivation

Q: Studies have identified two types of support that those in leadership roles must provide for successful change: instrumental and ____ support.a. industrial c. interpersonalb. proactive d. unconventional

Q: The complexity and difficulty of leading health care organizations (HCOs) in a dynamic world has spurred interest in identifying ____.a. avenues of change c. novel health practicesb. competencies d. directives

Q: Performance outcomes in health care are classified into three major categories: (1) patient-related, (2) staff-related, and (3) ____.a. community-related c. government-relatedb. stakeholder-related d. management-related

Q: One of the key roles of the C-Suite is to interact with key ____.a. external stakeholders c. union leadersb. managers d. producers

Q: An example work plan is also known as a ____ Chart.a. Gantt c. Levyb. Weber d. management

Q: S.M.A.R.T. objectives are ____.a. Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Time boundb. Specific, Measurable, Accountable, Realistic, Time boundc. Standard, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Time boundd. Standard, Measurable, Accountable, Rudimentary, Time bound

Q: ____ refer to the subordinate goals that must be accomplished to meet the larger aspirations of an organization.a. Objectives c. Initiativesb. Standards d. Determinants

Q: A(n) ____ approach to leadership emphasizes the actions that the person in the leadership role takes on the job.a. cognitive c. behavioralb. systems d. intuitive

Q: ____ can be defined as the process of accomplishing predetermined objectives through the effective use of human, financial, and technical resources. a. Leadership c. Strategic planning b. Compliance d. Management

Q: The ____________________ adaptive systems approaches are composed of multiple, diverse, interconnected elements; and are adaptive in that they have the capability to change and learn from their experience.

Q: ____________________ network structure can be analyzed in two ways: in terms of interaction patterns and in terms of structural similarity.

Q: The scientific management school (Taylor, 1911) extended the Weberian model by explicitly emphasizing the "control" element of ____________________.

Q: In 2009, President Obama's stimulus package included funding for the diffusion of ____________________ medical records across physician offices to begin to address problems of data capture.

Q: One of several reasons the health care system is slow to change is that the industry is heavily regulated at both the state and ____________________ levels by myriad agencies and professional associations.

Q: The one issue that currently unites the entire value chain in health care is ____________________.

Q: Due to malpractice insurance premiums, some argue that significant cost savings could be achieved through the passage and enactment of ____________________.

Q: Health care costs rise inexorably because of rising ____________________ costs and its broad application to new patients and patient indications.

Q: "Value" for health care firms is defined as the quotient of ____________________ divided by cost.

Q: The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) developed a ____ model of the determinants of health outcomes.a. "Head Start" c. "Heart Run"b. "Heart Start" d. "Health Run"

Q: ____ (INDs) can fill the structural hole between independent physician groups who can jointly develop and implement care management practices. a. Integrated delivery networks c. Interdependent development networks b. Independent doctor networks d. Independent decision networks

Q: One school of modern strategic management encompasses an emphasis on ____. a. industry net-worth b. top-down decision making c. industry structure and competitive forces d. deliberate corporate rationality

Q: The decision-making school focused on ____. a. physicians c. top executives b. middle managers d. blue collar workers

Q: The Human Relations School ascertains that in order to improve productivity, management must ____. a. implement the top-down control of work b. minimize the input of workers c. offer monetary incentives d. understand the informal organization of workers

Q: Organizations within the health care industry have increasingly consolidated into ____ over the past two decades with the stated objective of being more efficient, but may not operate as such. a. community care centers c. systems b. corporations d. foundations

Q: Investor-owned facilities comprise about ____ percent of the hospital sector. a. 15-20 c. 55-60 b. 30-35 d. 75-80

Q: The Premier Hospital Quality Incentive Demonstration (PHQID) was launched to determine if economic incentives are effective at improving ____. a. the cost of inpatient care c. the cost of outpatient care b. the quality of inpatient care d. the quality of outpatient care

Q: Health care concerns shared by the U.S., China and India include concerns over ____. a. the consolidated financial mechanism b. lack of spending at the local level c. the low number of specialists d. lifestyle issues and behaviors

Q: What is one issue that health care organizations must address in order to create and deliver value? a. To create appropriate barriers to health care for equity b. To improve access to health care c. To increase cost acceleration d. To decrease the overall quality of care

Q: Match each item with a statement below:a. human relations schoolb. complex adaptive system perspectivesc. classical administration schoold. The Health Systems Integration Studye. World Health Organization (WHO)f. decision-making schoolg. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and Department of Justice (DOJ)h. Taylorismi. scientific management perspectivej. population ecology1) Focused on structuring the tasks of individual workers2) Focused heavily on the external environment3) Focused on top executives4) Focused on motivating workers5) Conducted a series of workshops to assess the competitive and efficiency benefits of horizontal and vertical forms of consolidation6) Highlights the importance of social networks7) Suggests that the economic integration of hospitals and physicians forms part of the bedrock for improving clinical integration8) Developed a generic framework for the overall structure of any country's health care system9) Suggests that hospitals more vigorously pursue efforts at clinical integration10) Emphasizes the importance of unobtrusive controls to reduce discretion and shape the premises of decisions made by managers

Q: The different theoretical schools suggest different strategies for changing organizations and different ____________________ that managers need to develop.

Q: Discuss the effects that grieving can have on one's health. Identify what one can do to effectively cope with grief.

Q: Identify reasons why the number of reported near-death experiences have increased, and discuss two types of these near-death experiences.

Q: Outline the five stages of Kbler-Ross' emotional responses to death with a brief description of each stage.

Q: List and describe the different categories of death.

Q: Identify the "Five Wishes" that help people prepare for medical crises.

Q: Match the items below with the most appropriate description. a. dementia b. anger c. subdromal hot flash d. death e. autoscopy f. senesce g. osteoporosis h. denial i. intestate j. autopsy 1) night sweats 2) without a will 3) when the heart stops 4) death of egg cells 5) "no, not me." 6) watching resuscitation attempts 7) loss of mental capabilities 8) loss in bone density 9) exam of a body after death 10) "why me?"

Q: The active form of "mercy killing" known as ____________________ is generally viewed as illegal and unethical.

Q: ____________________ is the incineration of an individual's remains.

Q: ____________________ occurs when a health professional provides a patient with the means to end his or her life.

Q: One of the main factors leading to suicide is ____________________.

Q: Due to advances in emergency medical care, the number of reported ____________________ experiences has grown.

Q: One positive aspect of ____________________ programs is the medical and emotional care offered to both patients and family members or caregivers.

Q: The second stage of responding to death when a patient learns that death is coming is called ____________________.

Q: The moment the soul leaves the body is considered ____________________ death.

Q: A(n) ____________________ document helps the aged, the seriously ill, their loved ones, and caregivers prepare for medical crises.

Q: A(n) ____________________ DNR specifies an individual's wish not to be resuscitated at home.

Q: Women, who have smaller skeletons, are more susceptible to ____________________ than men.

Q: ____________________ is the top risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.

Q: ____________________ is classified as the progressive deterioration of brain cells and mental capacity.

Q: ____________________ increases the risk of bone fractures.

Q: The drop in testosterone in men between the ages of 48 and 70 is often called ____________________.

Q: ____________________ is mainly recommended for short-term relief of hot flashes and night sweats.

Q: ____________________ represents the four-to-ten-year span before a woman's last period.

Q: The most common nutritional disorder in elderly people is ____________________.

Q: Approximately ____________________ percent of Americans over age 100 are women.

Q: ____________________ is the characteristic pattern of normal life changes that occur as living things grow older.