Accounting
Anthropology
Archaeology
Art History
Banking
Biology & Life Science
Business
Business Communication
Business Development
Business Ethics
Business Law
Chemistry
Communication
Computer Science
Counseling
Criminal Law
Curriculum & Instruction
Design
Earth Science
Economic
Education
Engineering
Finance
History & Theory
Humanities
Human Resource
International Business
Investments & Securities
Journalism
Law
Management
Marketing
Medicine
Medicine & Health Science
Nursing
Philosophy
Physic
Psychology
Real Estate
Science
Social Science
Sociology
Special Education
Speech
Visual Arts
Anthropology
Q:
In benge or the poison oracle of the Azande poison is fed to pigs.
Q:
Homeostasis may be studied directly by:
a. observing living populations as they engage in various activities in various settings.
b. experimentally manipulating or replicating environmental conditions and observing human responses.
c. identifying the genome of a given population of humans.
d. observing differences in such measures as body temperature across human groups.
Q:
Possession and prophecy are examples of deliberate inspirational divination.
Q:
The observation of animal behavior or objects in the sky such as comets is called omens.
Q:
Homeostasis may be studied indirectly by:
a. observing living populations as they engage in various activities in various settings.
b. experimentally manipulating or replicating environmental conditions and observing human responses.
c. identifying the genome of a given population of humans.
d. observing differences in such measures as body temperature across human groups.
Q:
A presentiment is a feeling that something is about to happen.
Q:
The maintenance of homeostasis:
a. is a key feature of most levels of any organism's biology.
b. involves the study of populations in their natural environments.
c. involves using material culture to make living possible in certain settings.
d. involves the replication of environmental conditions and human responses to those conditions.
Q:
Divination is a technique for finding out information about the unknown.
Q:
Functional adaptations:
a. are important population-level genetic changes.
b. occur at the individual level only during childhood.
c. involve using material culture to make living possible in certain settings.
d. are biological adjustments within an individual's lifetime, including developmental adaptations and acclimatization.
Q:
Cultural adaptation:
a. occurs at the population level via natural selection.
b. occurs at the individual level during childhood.
c. involves using material culture or learned practices to make living possible in certain settings.
d. usually occurs in adults, not children.
Q:
Acclimatization:
a. occurs at the individual level throughout an individual's lifetime.
b. occurs at the individual level during childhood.
c. involves using material culture to make living possible in certain settings.
d. occurs at the population level via natural selection.
Q:
The Fore believe that kuru is caused by sorcery based on homeopathic magic.
Q:
The Azande utilize medicines that are objects in which supernatural power resides.
Q:
Among the Trobriand Islanders, a "man with knowledge" is one who possesses technological knowledge as well as knowledge of magic.
Q:
Developmental (or ontogenetic) adaptation:
a. occurs at the individual level throughout an individual's lifetime.
b. occurs at the individual level during childhood.
c. involves using material culture to make living possible in certain settings.
d. occurs at the population level via natural selection.
Q:
Genetic adaptation:
a. occurs at the population level via natural selection.
b. occurs at the individual level during childhood.
c. occurs at the individual level throughout an individual's lifetime.
d. involves using material culture to make living possible in certain settings.
Q:
The postnatal stage includes:
a. the first, second, and third trimesters.
b. menarche and senescence.
c. the growth or development of the deciduous teeth, motor skills, and cognitive abilities.
d. the human growth cycle from the embryo stage.
Q:
A student picks up a coin from the sidewalk and puts it in her pocket. Later that day she takes an exam on which she scores an A. She then carries her "lucky coin" to her next exam. This is an example of magical thinking.
Q:
When epiphyses fuse to the diaphyses:
a. long bone growth is slowed.
b. full adult height is attained.
c. the adolescent growth spurt begins.
d. the diaphyses continue to grow but the epiphyses stop growing.
Q:
The obesity pandemic is primarily due to:
a. the increased ability to produce and consume inexpensive, high-fat foods.
b. a lack of physical exercise.
c. a combination of lower calories and more exercise.
d. the production of high-calorie, low-fat foods even though people still have a high exercise level.
Q:
Contagious magic is based on the premise that things that were once in contact always maintain a connection.
Q:
By acting out the mating behavior of animals, Australian Aborigines believe that they are affecting the reproductive cycle of the animal. Such increase rituals are a form of homeopathic magic.
Q:
The apparent connection between things that are no longer connected as a basis of magic defines homeopathic magic.
Q:
Sexual maturation or puberty is marked by:
a. menarche in girls.
b. similar body size in boys and girls.
c. a short-term rapid increase in brain growth.
d. adult social roles.
Q:
Magic involves the manipulation of words and objects so as to compel a deity to bring about the desired result.
Q:
Allen's rule indicates that humans will have:
a. larger lungs in hot environments and smaller lungs in cold environments.
b. smaller bodies in cold environments and larger bodies in hot environments.
c. longer limbs in hot environments and shorter limbs in cold environments.
d. taller bodies in cold environments and shorter bodies in hot environments.
Q:
Edward Tylor did not include magic in his definition of religion.
Q:
Although Allen's and Bergmann's rules often explain body shape and morphology, we occasionally see variations from the correct patterns. This sometimes indicates that:
a. the long-term association between body shape and climate is an example of acclimatization.
b. body shape and morphology do not reflect both evolutionary and developmental processes.
c. the association between body shape and morphology does respond to environmental stressors.
d. the association between body shape, morphology, and the environment is not a result of natural selection.
Q:
The origins of Astrology appear to have been in:
a. Egypt
b. India
c. Babylonia
d. Iran
Q:
Infancy:
a. runs from the second month after birth to the end of lactation, usually by the end of the third year.
b. runs from three to seven years, generally postweaning.
c. is also called the "neonatal" period.
d. includes three months before birth and three months after birth.
Q:
The Zande poison oracle is an example of:
a. noninspirational deliberate divination
b. noninspirational fortuitous divination
c. inspirational deliberate divination
d. inspirational fortuitous divination
Q:
Children living at high altitudes develop a larger chest cavity by adulthood than children living at lower altitudes. This is an example of:
a. environmental adaptations that occur at the individual level.
b. acclimatization at the individual level.
c. developmental adaptations that occur at the level of the individual during critical life stages.
d. inheritance of increases in lung volume by high-altitude populations.
Q:
In some societies guilt and innocence are determined by having a red-hot knife pressed against some part of the accused person's body. This is an example of a(n):
a. presentiment
b. ordeal
c. omen
d. none of the above
Q:
Stressors during the prenatal stage include:
a. a vegetarian diet of greens, fruits, and dairy products.
b. smoking, alcohol, and drugs.
c. heavy exercise like running and swimming.
d. lack of exercise.
Q:
Inspirational fortuitous forms of divination include:
a. astrology
b. prophecy
c. omens
d. mediums (psychics)
Q:
Multiple biological traits:
a. do not lead to clear-cut racial classifications.
b. are race specific.
c. help with biological profiling.
d. do not exist in humans.
Q:
Deliberate inspirational forms of divination include:
a. mediums (psychics)
b. reading palms
c. Zande poison oracle
d. prophecy
Q:
Which of the following biological processes involves a reduction in homeostasis?
a. senescence
b. Wolff's law
c. prenatal development
d. adult stage of development
Q:
A feeling that something is about to happen, such as an impending disaster, is known as:
a. necromancy
b. a presentiment
c. apantomancy
d. dowsing
Q:
The prenatal stage in humans is divided into:
a. trimesters.
b. the neonatal period versus after the end of lactation.
c. infancy, childhood, the juvenile period, puberty, adolescence, and adulthood.
d. the neonatal period, infancy, the juvenile period, puberty, and adolescence.
Q:
Tarot cards and the reading of palms are examples of:
a. mechanical type of divination
b. possession
c. omens
d. ordeals
Q:
The American economist David Seckler incorrectly hypothesized that:
a. growth accelerates and decelerates according to various life stages.
b. undernourished populations experience accelerated growth and development.
c. there is a relationship between genes and the environment.
d. shortness in height is an adaptation to reduced food supplies.
Q:
Noninspirational fortuitous forms of divination include:
a. astrology
b. prophecy
c. omens
d. mediums (psychics)
Q:
The long limb measurements of Turkana pastoralists indicate that the population:
a. is on the continuum of variation observed in Allen's rule.
b. represents the variability that results from Wolff's law of skeletal replacement.
c. has body proportions that are not well adapted to warmer climates.
d. is well adapted for life at high latitudes, as Allen's rule predicts for pastoralist populations.
Q:
Divination can be used to:
a. determine the cause of an illness
b. provide the result of an undertaking that is about to begin
c. locate game for hunters
d. all of the above
Q:
Divination refers to method for:
a. controlling the behavior of spirits and deities
b. controlling events of nature
c. obtaining information about the normally unknowable
d. curing illness
Q:
A cline:
a. is continuous variation that follows a continuum.
b. is variation that falls into discrete categories.
c. describes the pattern of occurrence of trisomy 18.
d. was used to describe human variation as early as the Renaissance.
Q:
R. C. Lewontin found that human "races" have no taxonomic significance. He demonstrated this through:
a. research indicating that most genetic variation is found among human races.
b. research indicating that race categories accounted for a very small percentage of variation found across human populations.
c. the examination of variation in multiple human skull characteristics.
d. research that examined genetic diversity across different species of mammals.
Q:
Johann Friedrich Blumenbach:
a. discovered the existence of three races.
b. categorized skulls into five racial types.
c. used blood types and skin colors to create a racial taxonomy for humans.
d. showed that skull shape changed over time.
Q:
Which of the following statements about Wiccan magic is false?:
a. It is based on the worldview that there is a power that exists in all things.
b. Objects such as crystals, oils, candles and images are often use
d.
c. Working of magic requires a consideration of nature (e.g., season, weather).
d. Magic can be done to cause harm only if the person truly deserves it.
Q:
Franz Boas:
a. was a strong supporter of the race concept.
b. created racial categories based on living populations in the United States.
c. showed that U.S.-born children had the same head shapes as their immigrant parents.
d. showed that U.S.-born children had different head shapes than their immigrant parents.
Q:
Magic that is worked for antisocial and evil ends is known as:
a. witchcraft
b. sorcery
c. oneiromancy
d. necromancy
Q:
C. Loring Brace argued that the race concept:
a. was first used by Marco Polo as he recorded huge amounts of information during his travels in Asia.
b. has been present throughout human history.
c. can be traced to the Renaissance, when seafaring travelers observed differences between people from distant lands.
d. originated in ancient Egypt.
Q:
Magic involves the use of plant material, called medicines, in which supernatural power resides among the:
a. Trobriand Islanders
b. Fore
c. Azande
d. Wiccans
Q:
The oral text of a magical ritual is often known as a:
a. spell
b. recitation
c. charm
d. liturgy
Q:
Among Australian aborigines, the family will react to what they believe is an impending death by:
a. singing ancestral songs
b. withdrawing from the dying person
c. withholding food and water
d. all of the above
Q:
Explain how the founder effect can lead to a descendent population that differs greatly from its parent population over a relatively short period of time.
Q:
To people who practice magic it appears never to fail because:
a. if you do not get the expected result it is because you did not do it right
b. if it does fail, someone else was doing countermagic
c. humans tend to remember successes and forget failures
d. all of the above
Q:
Why is the peppered moth an excellent example of directional selection?
Q:
Why is a frameshift mutation far more likely to lead to a defective protein than a point mutation?
Q:
Magic is most frequently found in situations that are:
a. unpredictable
b. reasonably reliable
c. associated with those at the fringes of society
d. associated with the politically powerful
Q:
What is a polymorphic trait? Provide two examples of polymorphic traits in modern humans, and give one example of a monomorphic trait.
Q:
Magic-like rituals are an important part of the behavior of athletes in athletic competition. Certain ritual behaviors, such as wearing the same clothing or washing one's hands after a losing inning, are:
a. learned and passed down in particular baseball teams
b. adopted because the player associated certain activities with success
c. purchased from magical specialists
d. none of the above
Q:
Why is the incidence of sickle-cell anemia an excellent example of a "balanced polymorphism," in which two or more alleles are maintained by natural selection in a population?
Q:
Branislaw Malinowski theorized that magic rituals serve to help the person who practices them to:
a. keep his mind off the upcoming activity
b. try to control or eliminate the elements of chance and uncertainty
c. fit into his society's norms
d. remove the supernatural influence on everyday endeavors
Q:
An example of contagious magic as a part of American folk medicine is:a. a tea made of red flowers is good for bleedingb. drawings of deer on the side of a barn will bring success in huntingc. rub a penny on a wart and then throw the penny away to get rid of the wartd. none of the above
Q:
In a classroom taste test for PTC the genotype frequency was determined to be P =0.35 and Q =0.65. After applying the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the percentage of genotypes was found to be as follows:
a. p2=0.12; 2pq =0.46; q2=0.42.
b. p2=0.35; 2pq =0.00; q2=0.65.
c. p2=0.12; 2pq =0.65; q2=0.23.
d. p2=0.20; 2pq =0.20; q2=0.60.
Q:
Frameshift mutations are more likely to have an impact at the phenotypic level because they:
a. are the result of a change in a single nucleotide.
b. are the result of exposure to radiation.
c. produce a protein having no function.
d. are mobile pieces of DNA.
Q:
The doctrine of signatures tells us that:
a. plants have signs that proclaim their use
b. the future can be read in a person's signature
c. cures occur when a person touches the correct sign painted on a cave wall
d. certain hand gestures must be avoided or else the individual will fall ill
Q:
A study of Galapagos finches after a long period of drought found that all species of finch on one of the islands had wide beaks well adapted to breaking open seeds. The type of evolution that leads to this phenotype distribution is _______ selection.
a. directional
b. natural
c. disruptive
d. stabilizing
Q:
Image magic is an example of:
a. contagious magic
b. homeopathic magic
c. harmonious magic
d. representational magic
Q:
A genetic study conducted over multiple generations found that the frequency of genotypes in the first generation were AA: 0.36, Aa: 0.48, aa: 0.16. In the second generation, genotype frequencies shifted to AA: 0.16, Aa: 0.48, aa: 0.36. According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can assume:
a. random mating has altered gene frequencies.
b. gene flow has possibly shifted the gene frequencies.
c. mating in this population must be nonrandom mating.
d. both b. and c.
Q:
An example of homeopathic magic is:
a. praying for a god's blessing
b. Hopi villagers performing a kachina dance
c. imitating the mating and reproduction of an animal
d. reciting an evil spell over an enemy's hair clippings
Q:
The Law of Contact (Contagion) states that:
a. magic depends on the apparent association between things
b. things which are alike are the same
c. things that were once in contact continue to be connected
d. none of the above
Q:
Familial hypercholesterolemia, an autosomal dominant disease, is five times more frequent in the Afrikaner population of South Africa than in the original population of Europe from which the ancestors to the Afrikaners immigrated. This represents an example of:
a. natural selection.
b. bottleneck.
c. the founder effect.
d. kin selection.
Q:
Magic that is based upon the Law of Similarity is termed:
a. contagious magic
b. homeopathic magic
c. sympathetic magic
d. none of the above
Q:
The Law of Similarity states that:
a. magic depends on the apparent association between things
b. things that were once in contact continue to be connected
c. things that are alike are the same
d. none of the above
Q:
The mutation known as trisomy 21, in which an extra copy of chromosome 21 is present, is more commonly known as _______ syndrome.
a. Turner
b. Down
c. Klinefelter's
d. Williams
Q:
The Law of Sympathy was developed by:
a. Edward Tyler
b. Robert Marett
c. Branislaw Malinowski
d. James Frazer
Q:
An individual who displays the disease sickle-cell anemia must have inherited the deleterious allele from both phenotypically normal parents. This individual is therefore:
a. homozygous, with two dominant alleles.
b. homozygous, with two recessive alleles.
c. heterozygous, with one dominant and one recessive allele.
d. haplozygous.