Accounting
Anthropology
Archaeology
Art History
Banking
Biology & Life Science
Business
Business Communication
Business Development
Business Ethics
Business Law
Chemistry
Communication
Computer Science
Counseling
Criminal Law
Curriculum & Instruction
Design
Earth Science
Economic
Education
Engineering
Finance
History & Theory
Humanities
Human Resource
International Business
Investments & Securities
Journalism
Law
Management
Marketing
Medicine
Medicine & Health Science
Nursing
Philosophy
Physic
Psychology
Real Estate
Science
Social Science
Sociology
Special Education
Speech
Visual Arts
Anthropology
Q:
The media help propel a transnational culture of ________, as they spread information about products, services, rights, institutions, and lifestyles.
A. conflict
B. tolerance
C. invention
D. electronic communication
E. consumerism
Q:
________ is an example of civic culture.
A. Television programming
B. The government
C. McDonald's
D. An unspoken dress code for funerals
E. A musical performance at the city civic center
Q:
Shared culture means that culture is
A. an attribute of particular individuals.
B. an attribute of individuals as members of their groups.
C. what ensures that all people raised in the same society have the same opinions.
D. universally regarded as more important than the concept of the individual.
E. imposed by more than one person.
Q:
________ refers to a sign that has no necessary or natural connection to the thing it stands for or signifies.
A. Morpheme
B. Lexicon
C. Phoneme
D. Symbol
E. Collateral
Q:
Cultural relativism is
A. a cultural universal, based upon the human capacity to use symbols.
B. the argument that behavior in a particular culture should not be judged by the standards of another culture.
C. a cultural particular, based upon the interrelatedness of humans.
D. the opposite of participant observation.
E. the same thing as ethnocentrism.
Q:
________ is a cultural universal.
A. Hypodescent
B. Hyperdescent
C. Bifurcate merging kinship terminologies
D. Transhumance
E. Some kind of family
Q:
Ethnocentrism is defined as viewing another culture
A. by that culture's standards.
B. in terms of your own culture and values.
C. by government standards.
D. by the universal moral code that we all follow.
E. through rose-colored glasses.
Q:
Individuals do NOT learn culture through
A. genetic transmission.
B. unconscious acquisition.
C. observation.
D. direct instruction.
E. conscious acquisition.
Q:
The process by which children learn culture is
A. acculturation.
B. cultural transmission.
C. enculturation.
D. ethnoabsorption.
E. diffusion.
Q:
________ focuses on how people with different motives, intentions, and degrees of power and influence manage to create and transform the society in which they live.
A. Cultural relativism
B. Experimental anthropology
C. Interpretive anthropology
D. Neoevolutionism
E. Practice theory
Q:
The origin of American anthropology can be traced to an interest in the origins and diversity of Native Americans.
Q:
Ethnology is the process of living with a culture for a long time to describe that one culture fully.
Q:
Humans use both biological and cultural means to adapt to new environments.
Q:
The term enculturation refers to the process through which children learn culture.
Q:
The experience of hyperventilation upon reaching a high-altitude environment illustrates a long-term physiological adaptation to high altitude.
Q:
Culture is not itself biological, but it rests on certain features of human biology.
Q:
Primatology is included in biological anthropology.
Q:
Archaeologists only study past cultures.
Q:
Name the various kinds of work applied anthropologists pursue. Provide one example for each subfield. Discuss the aspects of anthropology that make it uniquely valuable in application to social problems.
Q:
Anthropologists would agree that a comparative, cross-cultural approach is not necessary as long as you are diligent in your work.
Q:
Anthropologists study only non-Western cultures.
Q:
Linguistic anthropologists study how languages vary in time and space, and how language and culture influence each other.
Q:
Anthropology is unique in that it is both holistic and cross-cultural.
Q:
Ethnography involves the collection of data that become the basis for an account of a particular community, society, or culture.
Q:
Ethnomusicology is one of the main four subfields of anthropology.
Q:
Anthropologists use the term society to refer to customs and traditions passed from generation to generation through learning.
Q:
Academic anthropology refers to the use of anthropological knowledge and methods to identify and solve social problems.
Q:
The study of material remains like potsherds, buildings, ships, and garbage falls under the subdiscipline of archaeological anthropology.
Q:
Discuss anthropology's dual identity as a member of the social sciences and the humanities. Define the advantages that may be found in this dual identity.
Q:
Identify the four primary types of human adaptation. Discuss why their interrelationship has been particularly important for the human species.
Q:
Rathje's garbology project
A. studies the stratification of landfills.
B. is archaeology of modern people.
C. answered the question why people leave things behind for archaeologists to find.
D. is a study of potsherds.
E. was conducted in ancient Egypt.
Q:
A scientist who studies the fossil record of human evolution is a(n)
A. paleoanthropologist.
B. archaeologist.
C. ethnologist.
D. treasure hunter.
E. primatologist.
Q:
The study of the relationships between social and linguistic variation is
A. historic linguistics.
B. applied linguistics.
C. cultural resource management.
D. adaptation.
E. sociolinguistics.
Q:
The use of anthropological findings, concepts, and methods to accomplish a desired end is
A. applied anthropology.
B. economic anthropology.
C. conceptual anthropology.
D. sociobiology.
E. participant observation.
Q:
Cultural resource management is an example of applied
A. ethnology.
B. biological anthropology.
C. archaeology.
D. linguistic anthropology.
E. ethnography.
Q:
Anthropology is a holistic discipline because it
A. has traditionally focused on nonindustrial societies.
B. deals with human culture.
C. does not attempt to make generalizations about humanity.
D. now focuses on industrial societies.
E. studies human biological, cultural, and linguistic variation across both time and space.
Q:
If an anthropologist is studying ethnic-religious conflict in contemporary Sri Lanka, he or she is most likely a(n)
A. cultural anthropologist.
B. linguistic anthropologist.
C. paleoanthropologist.
D. archaeological anthropologist.
E. biological anthropologist.
Q:
Identify the themes and interests that unify the subdisciplines of American anthropology. Your answer should refer to historical reasons for the unity of anthropology in the United States.
Q:
Define ethnography and ethnology. Discuss the importance of each, as well as their relationship in the field of anthropology.
Q:
Identify the four subdisciplines of anthropology. Define each and give one example of something each might study.
Q:
Discuss ways that culture can change the growth and development of an individual's physical body. Include at least one example.
Q:
List and describe at least three types of remains that archaeologists could study. Discuss what archaeologists could learn from each type.
Q:
A systematic field of study that uses experiment, observation, and deduction to produce reliable explanations of phenomena is
A. culture.
B. religion.
C. a humanity.
D. science.
E. folklore.
Q:
The question, ________, was important in the origins of American anthropology.
A. "How are the Neandertals related to us?"
B. "Where did Native Americans come from?"
C. "When and where did food production first begin?"
D. "How much beer do people in Arizona drink today?"
E. "Where do ideals of attractiveness come from?"
Q:
A biocultural perspective is
A. the notion that humans no longer rely on biological adaptation.
B. the inclusion of both biological and cultural approaches.
C. using the fact that culture is completely dominant over biological change.
D. synonymous with scientific research.
E. the idea that girls should be gymnasts and boys should play football.
Q:
________ is LEAST likely to send female swimmers to the Olympics.
A. The United States
B. Germany
C. The Netherlands
D. Norway
E. Brazil
Q:
Archaeologists study
A. language.
B. race.
C. biological adaptation.
D. modern cultural diversity.
E. material remains.
Q:
Anorexia Nervosa is a Western diagnosis that
A. was originally used for a condition found in children in East Asia.
B. refers to a biologically specific syndrome.
C. has only recently been used in China.
D. refers to a condition discovered in the earliest hominins.
E. refers to a condition generally confused with a milder malady called Mal de Ojo.
Q:
Four-field anthropology does not claim ________ as a distinctive feature.
A. its holistic approach
B. broad cross-cultural comparisons
C. the study of human biology, culture, and language
D. both scientific and humanistic dimensions
E. an exclusive focus on contemporary cultures
Q:
Biological anthropologists study all of the following EXCEPT
A. ancient languages.
B. human biological plasticity.
C. primates.
D. human evolution.
E. human genetics.
Q:
The study of interactions among past living things in a past environment is
A. paleoanthropology.
B. paleoecology.
C. garbology.
D. social archaeology.
E. adaptive anthropology.
Q:
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. "Anthropology is the exploration of human diversity in time and space."
B. "Anthropology studies the whole of the human condition."
C. "Anthropologists focus in part on the diversity that arises through human adaptability."
D. "Anthropology's biocultural approach entails finding evolutionary explanations for all human behaviors."
E. "Anthropology offers a comparative, cross-cultural perspective to the study of the human condition."
Q:
Which of the following statements is a distinction between culture and society?
A. "Culture is the result of higher education, whereas society is shared by all people."
B. "People share society with other animals, but culture is distinctly human."
C. "Culture is genetically programmed, whereas society is transmitted through social learning."
D. "People attain culture through international travel but society is the social environment of their native land."
E. "Society rests more upon certain features of human biology than does culture."
Q:
________ defines the processes by which organisms cope with environmental forces and stresses.
A. Ethnology
B. Ethnography
C. Cultural resource management
D. Adaptation
E. Phenotype
Q:
The tendency of people living in the Peruvian Andes to develop a voluminous chest and lungs for life at very high altitudes is an example of a(n)
A. genetic adaptation.
B. long-term physiological adaptation.
C. short-term physiological adaptation.
D. cultural adaptation.
E. archaeological adaptation.
Q:
The pressurized cabin of an airplane flying at high altitude is an example of a(n)
A. genetic adaptation.
B. long-term physiological adaptation.
C. short-term physiological adaptation.
D. cultural adaptation.
E. archaeological adaptation.
Q:
Ethnography is
A. the firsthand, personal study of local settings.
B. the process by which culture is learned and transmitted across generations.
C. the study of interrelationships among all living things in an environment.
D. a policy aimed at removing groups that are culturally different from a country.
E. the cross-cultural comparison of cultural data.
Q:
Anthropology's comparative, biocultural perspective
A. allows the inclusion of both biological and cultural approaches to comment on or solve a particular issue or problem.
B. is the reason it has traditionally studied nonindustrialized societies.
C. is insignificant, since evolution is studied by biological anthropologists, while culture is studied by cultural anthropologists.
D. is a product of the participant observation approach.
E. places it in the humanities.
Q:
Ethnology is
A. the study of human speech sounds.
B. the comparative, generalizing aspect of cultural anthropology.
C. the most important subfield of anthropology.
D. the study of ancient ethnic groups.
E. a synonym for ethnography.
Q:
The four main subdisciplines of anthropology consist of
A. medical anthropology, ethnography, ethnology, and cultural anthropology.
B. archaeology, biological anthropology, applied linguistics, and applied anthropology.
C. biological anthropology, linguistic anthropology, cultural anthropology, and archaeology.
D. genetic anthropology, physical anthropology, psychological anthropology, and linguistic anthropology.
E. primatology, ethnology, cultural anthropology, and paleopathology.
Q:
How has the community of Newtok, Alaska, been affected by global climate change? What are some of the challenges this community faces in the near future as they try to rebuild?
Q:
How have recent movements regarding the politics of identity with regard to indigenous peoples varied around the world?
Q:
How have indigenous movements, political mobilization, and identity politics affected ethnography?
Q:
How can mass media play a cultural role for those individuals and families leading transnational lives?
Q:
What is the difference between postmodernity and postmodernism? How has postmodernity affected the units of anthropological study?
Q:
TV programming that is culturally alien tends to outperform native programming when the alien programming comes from the United States, Great Britain, or France.
Q:
Forces influencing production and consumption are no longer restricted by national boundaries.
Q:
Diaspora refers to the hegemonic policy of dominators to isolate individuals who publicly resist from the rest of the population.
Q:
Postmodernism refers to the breakdown of traditional categories, standards, and boundaries in favor of a more fluid, context-dependent set of identities.
Q:
In Spanish-speaking Latin America, social scientists and politicians now favor the term indio over indigena when referring to Native Americans.
Q:
The term indigenous people gained legitimacy within international law with the creation in 1982 of the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous Populations.
Q:
Social movements worldwide have adopted the term indigenous people as a self-identifying and political label based on past oppression but are now legitimizing it in the search for social, cultural, and political rights.
Q:
In Latin America, the drive by indigenous peoples for self-identification has emphasized their autochthony, with an implicit call for excluding strangers from their communities.
Q:
Essentialism refers to the process of viewing an identity as established, real, and frozen, so as to hide the historical processes and politics within which that identity developed.
Q:
Identities are not fixed; they are fluid and multiple. People seize on particular, sometimes competing, self-labels and identities, depending on context.
Q:
How can the perspective of an ethnographer, who carries out research at the local level of communities, contribute to large-scale environmental concerns such as climate change and deforestation?
Q:
What is environmental anthropology? What can be its contribution to addressing environmental threats around the world?
Q:
What are some of the arguments for and against the interpretation of the mass media as forms of cultural imperialism?
Q:
Identities are
A. fixed by both genotype and phenotype.
B. never dependent on context.
C. not fixed; they are fluid and multiple.
D. fictions.
E. creative constructs and therefore of little real consequence.
Q:
Mass media can play an important role is constructing and maintaining national and ethnic identities.