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Q:
In general, homosexual couples have __________ problems than heterosexual couples.
Q:
Edward Hall designated four categories of proxemically relevant spaces. Which of the following is incorrect?
a. Intimate (0-18 inches)
b. Social-consultative (4-12 feet)
c. Conventional (7-10 feet)
d. Public distance (12 feet and beyond)
e. Personal-casual (1.5-4 feet)
Q:
Welfare reform in 1996 __________.
A) required those on welfare to get a job immediately
B) capped welfare assistance at fifteen years
C) made large cuts in funding to the poor
D) created new education programs for poor children
Q:
Which of the following statements about kinesics is correct?
a. Kinesics refers to the system of extralinguistic noises that accompany spoken language.
b. Kinesics research has demonstrated that gender signals communicated through posture are biologically based rather than learned.
c. Cross-cultural research indicates that the body language used when people are greeting each other is similar all over the world.
d. All cultures have the same gestures for "yes" and "no."
e. Anthropologists paid more attention to nonverbal communication prior to the 1950s.
Q:
Humankind's repertoire of body language is enormous. We are capable of making more than _____ facial expressions.
a. 1,500
b. 10,000
c. 7,000
d. 4,000
e. 3,500
Q:
In the 1930s and "40s, Edward Sapir and _____investigated the idea that language, by providing habitual grooves of expression, predisposes people to see the world in a certain way.
a. Leslie White
b. Franz Boas
c. Benjamin Lee Whorf
d. Peter Woolfson
e. Bill Haviland
Q:
Monopoly control of agricultural land is typically put into __________ that have value as exports but neglect basic food needs.
Q:
The American anthropologist Edward Sapir and his student, Benjamin Whorf, drawing on his experience with the language of the Hopi Indians, developed a full-fledged theory now known as the theory of
a. cultural relativity.
b. linguistic relativity.
c. code switching.
d. linguistic nationalism.
e. phenomenology.
Q:
In the National Health Insurance Model, __________.
A) elements from both the Bismarck Model and the Beveridge Model are found
B) doctors are government employees
C) insurance companies pay the bills
D) patients are required to wait at least three months for all basic care
Q:
Native speakers of the Lakota language were amused when they saw the movie Dances with Wolves because
a. the writers got it all wrong.
b. the language did not fit the people group.
c. the language was all male oriented.
d. the language was all female oriented.
e. the language was all spoken as if the actors were children.
Q:
Industries declining in output and employment are __________ industries.
A) scientific
B) sunrise
C) sunset
D) sunburn
Q:
Bill believes his sexuality is a fundamental part of who he is and not something he can change. He has a sexual __________.
Q:
A Scottish butler in an English mansion says to the lady of the house, "You may wish to stay inside today, Madam; it's quite cold outside." But when he goes back to his own cottage he is likely to say to his wife in broad Scots, "Shut the door and get inside, Maggie, you"ll freeze your buns off." In linguistics, this is an example of
a. code switching.
b. class consciousness.
c. glottochronology.
d. phonological analysis.
e. linguistic nationalism.
Q:
The term _____ is usually used to refer to varying forms of a language that reflect particular regions or social classes and that are similar enough to be mutually intelligible.
a. dialect
b. language subgroup
c. language family
d. accent
e. regionalism
Q:
The "hidden welfare system" refers to government aid that goes to the non-poor in the form of __________.
A) tax increases on wealthy individuals
B) direct subsidies to corporations
C) low-cost credit to people below the poverty line
D) increased scrutiny and oversight for corporate lending
Q:
__________ have an urban population of more than 10 million.
Q:
Although language may be studied as an independent system, it is also important to look at in terms of what it tells us about society and culture. Whatever its phonemes, syntax, and history, language is a dynamic, adaptive system that facilitates the speaker's survival and gives clues about what is significant in his/her life. When we focus on the relationship between language and culture of those who speak it and how they inform each other, we are doing
a. ethnolinguistics.
b. descriptive linguistics.
c. historical linguistics.
d. glottochronology.
e. frame substitution.
Q:
The influence of a person's class status on what pronunciation he/she uses, a speaker's choice of more complicated vocabulary and grammar when he/she is speaking to a professional audience, and the influence of language on culture are all concerns of
a. descriptive linguistics.
b. historical linguistics.
c. sociolinguistics.
d. linguistic nationalism.
e. displacement.
Q:
In a "single-payer plan," __________.
A) profit for stockholders and payment of stock dividends is the primary motive behind healthcare delivery
B) the government collects premiums and pays bills
C) a one-time lifetime payment for health insurance is required from every citizen
D) each extended family has only one designated relative who pays all medical bills for the family
Q:
The largest employer in the United States today is __________.
A) General Motors
B) Walmart
C) U.S. Steel
D) Microsoft
Q:
As a way of revitalizing Arapaho, Professor Greymorning did all of the following except:
a. developed an Arapaho-only university.
b. translated a new dictionary of Arapaho.
c. translated the Disney film Bambi into Arapaho.
d. developed a new methodology of language acquisition.
e. modeled teaching Arapaho through new methodology.
Q:
Professor Greymorning worked on the Wind River Reservation in Wyoming to help revitalize which Native American language?
a. Nez Perce
b. Blackfoot
c. Arapaho
d. Zuni
e. Assiniboine
Q:
Gay couples live in over __________ percent of the counties in the United States.
Q:
Which of the following statements is not an example of linguistic nationalism?
a. You are a Spanish-speaking person in the U.S., but want your children to use English so they will fit in more easily with the surrounding society.
b. A national committee in France declares that certain widely used terms will no longer be allowed to appear in public print because they are not French.
c. You live in Scotland and are so alarmed by the rapid decline in the number of people speaking Gaelic that you start a school in which all subjects are taught in Gaelic.
d. The southern part of India declares itself a separate country called Tamiland (the land of the people who speak Tamil) in defiance of India's declaration of Hindi as the national language
e. A country previously colonized by the British passes a law requiring everyone to speak the native tongue; English is banned because of its association with colonial domination.
Q:
The 1996 welfare reform legislation was officially called the __________.
A) Personal Welfare Reform and Reconciliation to Work Opportunities Act
B) Personal Welfare Ongoing Reform and Responsibility Act
C) Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act
D) End of Government Welfare Act
Q:
In France, a committee exists that has the job of eliminating subversive foreign influences in the form of words borrowed from other languages. English is a major offender (as in le bluejeans or le hamburger). This is an example of
a. cultural conservatism.
b. linguistic ethnocentrism.
c. linguistic parochialism.
d. linguistic nationalism.
e. ethnolinguistics.
Q:
Just over half of the world's population now lives in __________ areas.
Q:
Approximately how many languages are spoken today?
a. 12,000
b. 10,000
c. 6,000
d. 3,000
e. 1,750
Q:
A tax-supported health program in which the government is the sole insurer is __________.
A) managed care
B) a health maintenance organization
C) Blue Cross/Blue Shield
D) a single-payer plan
Q:
Wages in the new service sector of the economy tend to be __________ those previously paid in the manufacturing sector.
A) higher than
B) lower than
C) about the same as
D) higher for most, but not all, compared to
Q:
Scientific research on the biological basis of sexuality has largely excluded __________.
Q:
Which of the following statements about the English language is incorrect?
a. English belongs to the Indo-European language family.
b. English belongs to the Germanic language subgroup.
c. English is one of the many languages that diverged from an ancient unified language called Proto-Indo-European.
d. English is a "daughter" language.
e. English has historically suffered a narrowing and loss of meaning.
Q:
A language family is a group of languages
a. that all have the same core vocabulary.
b. that are subordinate to a dominant language.
c. that all have the same syntax.
d. that use the same number of sounds.
e. that are descended from a single ancestral language.
Q:
Which of the following would be an acceptable research topic in the field of historical linguistics?
a. Whether or not the speakers of Apache and Navajo once spoke a common language
b. Whether or not Apache and Navajo speakers use the same body language to signal gender differences
c. Whether or not Apache and Navajo speakers organize their languages using the same syntactical structures
d. All the features of a given language as it is spoken at a particular point in time
e. Frame substitution to investigate the syntax of a particular language
Q:
The number of those who are severely poor __________.
A) is on the rise
B) is on the decline
C) has stayed the same since 1979
D) is lower in the United States than any other country
Q:
The development of different languages from a single ancestral language is called
a. descriptive linguistics.
b. historical linguistics.
c. language subgroups.
d. linguistic divergence.
e. linguistic nationalism.
Q:
Debt bondage is most common in __________.
Q:
The entire formal structure of a language consisting of all observations about its meaningful units of sounds and the rules or principles of making phrases and sentences is called its
a. syntax.
b. form classes.
c. morphology.
d. phonology.
e. grammar.
Q:
The National Health Insurance Model of care is found in __________.
A) Canada
B) Belgium
C) Cuba
D) the United States
Q:
__________ refers to the investment choices that involve the movement of corporate monies from one investment to another.
A) Capital flight
B) Outsourcing
C) Globalization
D) Alienation
Q:
While the phonologist is making an inventory of permissible sounds in a language, the _____ is deciphering the groups or combinations of sounds that have meaning, or that are actually used to convey information.
a. phoneticist
b. morphologist
c. grammaticist
d. glottochronologist
e. consultant
Q:
The media and other cultural outlets support __________, which normalizes heterosexuality while putting down homosexuality and other forms of sexual expression.
Q:
Phonology is the
a. modern scientific study of all aspects of language.
b. systematic identification and description of distinctive speech sounds in a language.
c. study of language sounds.
d. study of the patterns and rules by which words are arranged.
e. the entire formal structure of a language, including morphology and syntax.
Q:
Megan has no real hope of getting out of poverty. She is willing to work hard, but lacks the necessary education and training to get a good job in an information and service economy. Sociologists would classify her as a member of the __________ poor.
A) near
B) working
C) new
D) old
Q:
The __________ stage is the stage of modern demographic transition in which population growth remains high while death rates decrease markedly.
Q:
The systematic identification and description of distinctive speech sounds in a language is called
a. grammar.
b. morphology.
c. linguistics.
d. phonetics.
e. phonemes.
Q:
The roots of linguistics, the modern scientific study of language, go back a long way to the works of ancient grammarians in _____, more than 2,000 years ago.
a. South Asia
b. Central Asia
c. North Africa
d. Australia
e. Scandinavia
Q:
The central and most highly developed human system of communication is
a. kinesics.
b. proxemics.
c. body language.
d. pheromones.
e. language.
Q:
The Beveridge Model of healthcare is found in __________.
A) France
B) Japan
C) Cuba
D) the United States
Q:
Chantek was able to do all of the following except:
a. use deception.
b. create complex meanings.
c. communicate through verbal words.
d. use displaced reference.
e. use code switching.
Q:
Don does not mind paying higher taxes for the benefit of everyone. Although he pays nearly half his income in taxes, he is happy living in a __________ where there is a family support program for parents and children, care for the elderly, and a national health care program.
A) capitalist nation
B) socialist nation
C) welfare state
D) wealthy state
Q:
Chantek is a(n)
a. orangutan.
b. gorilla.
c. bonobo.
d. chimpanzee.
e. gibbon.
Q:
The growth of the Gay Games, the rise of gay-straight alliances, and the changes of many key laws are all taken as evidence of __________.
A) the rise of anti-gay sentiment in the United States
B) homophobia
C) the success of the gay-rights movement
D) the power of evangelical Christians
Q:
What are the long-term goals of the Chantek Project?
a. To free all primates from zoos and labs and return them to the wild
b. For Chantek and other enculturated apes to live in culture-based preserves instead of zoos or research centers.
c. To teach all primates how to use American Sign Language
d. To begin teaching primates how to write
e. To work with Chantek so that they can collect and write down original gorilla language
Q:
Mary lives on the streets. She begs for money and food and often goes hungry. She is __________.
A) living below the poverty line
B) a member of the old poor
C) experiencing institutional discrimination
D) taking part in the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act
Q:
Which of the following is nota signal?
a. Coughs from cold
b. Winking from pleasure
c. Screams from fear
d. Crying from sadness
e. Sneezing from sickness
Q:
The average number of children born to each woman is the __________.
Q:
A system of communication using sounds, gestures, or marks that are put together in meaningful ways according to a set of share rules is called a(n)
a. signal set.
b. language.
c. code.
d. linguistic system.
e. analogue.
Q:
The Bismarck Model of healthcare is found in __________.
A) Belgium
B) Italy
C) Spain
D) Cuba
Q:
Patrick wants to open a business in a country with a strong sense of community and egalitarianism. He thinks his company should be interested in the public good and is perfectly fine being subject to a democracy. Patrick would like to open his company in a __________ country.
A) socialist
B) capitalist
C) communist
D) totalitarian
Q:
Why is race an important concept to anthropologists?
Q:
Homosexual couples__________.
A) are encouraged to be open about their relationship
B) often feel uncomfortable showing affection in public
C) are more likely to be in touch with the families in which they grew up
D) receive all of the same rights and benefits as heterosexual couples
Q:
The __________ poor are the poor of an earlier generation who had hopes of breaking out of poverty because unskilled and semiskilled jobs were plentiful.
A) working
B) old
C) new
D) severely
Q:
Discuss race as both a social and biological construct. How are these distinct, and how do these distinct meanings change the way the concept of race is used?
Q:
What are the various tool traditions, and how do tools demonstrate cultural evolution?
Q:
Why does the Neanderthal "controversy" exist? Discuss the difficulties that face paleoanthropologists as they determine species and how those decisions are made.
Q:
Most of the current population growth occurs in the __________ developed nations.
Q:
The advance of harnessing and using fire represented a tremendous cultural advance for humans. Discuss the advantages of fire use and how it connects with cultural and anatomical developments afterward. Give some examples. Is there any technology today that can be considered as evolutionarily significant as fire?
Q:
The fact that two-thirds of new HIV infections occur among Black women illustrates __________.
A) that Black women do not care about their long-term health
B) the intersection of race, class, and gender with HIV
C) the lack of public awareness about HIV
D) that White people are less genetically susceptible to HIV infection
Q:
Describe how evolution works.
Q:
Jill believes that Adam Smith was essentially correct when he claimed that people could pursue their own personal interests because the __________ would keep society from disintegrating as everyone competes for consumers and profit. Thus, she consistently opposes government intervention into the market.
A) laws of the marketplace
B) laws of society
C) social contract
D) marketplace masses
Q:
How does a better understanding of human evolution contribute to a healthier life for us today?
Q:
__________ effectively began the modern gay rights movement.
A) Stonewall
B) The 1987 march on Washington
C) "Don"t Ask, Don"t Tell"
D) The AIDS crisis
Q:
Describe some of the most important biological and cultural characteristics of early Homo.
Q:
Mark's parents grew up poor but saved and worked hard and experienced some upward mobility, mostly through Mark who worked his way through college and landed a good job. They are an example of the __________.
A) near poor
B) working poor
C) new poor
D) old poor
Q:
The average American's carbon __________ is twenty-three times bigger than that of the average Indian.
Q:
Who were the earliest bipeds, and what similarities did they have with our closest known relatives, the apes?
Q:
Josh grew up in an upper-class family with regular doctor visits and access to health resources like exercise equipment and nutritionists. He understands the things he needs to do to live a healthy lifestyle. Josh's situation illustrates __________.
A) the greater access to positive health habits the wealthy have
B) how much more Josh cares about his health than other people
C) the priority the wealthy put on healthcare
D) the importance of government intervention in healthcare
Q:
How do paleoanthropologists determine whether a fossil is part of the human evolutionary line? What particular characteristics are of most interest to them?
Q:
Ben wants to open a business in a country which allows him to own property privately, make a personal profit, and compete openly against other firms. In general he prefers that the government stay out of his business. He would like to open his business in a __________ system.
A) socialist
B) capitalist
C) communist
D) democratic