Q&A Hero

Q: What is the relationship between anthropology and colonialism?

Q: This chapter takes the position that gays are a minority group subject to all of the same pressures and persecution that all minority groups face and thus advocates that the problem with homosexuality is that it _________. A) is defined and labeled as deviant B) goes against God's will C) defies universal cultural norms D) is unnatural

Q: Though methamphetamine production takes place in rural areas, the drug is mostly used in urban areas.

Q: Since the end of the Cold War, __________ has sold well over $100 billion worth of weapons abroad. A) Cuba B) England C) Russia D) the United States

Q: Why is anthropological collaboration with the military a controversial matter?

Q: Which country spends the largest percentage of its gross national product for healthcare services? A) the United States B) Japan C) Great Britain D) France

Q: What are anthropologists' primary ethical responsibilities in fieldwork?

Q: The program that provides a heroin substitute to addicts under medical supervision is called __________. A) decriminalization of drugs B) the politics of drugs C) methadone maintenance D) the social construction of drugs

Q: Describe and discuss the materialist approach to explaining the prohibition of pork in the Middle East.

Q: Jeremy consistently exceeds the speed limit by two or three miles per hour when he drives. His actions are breaking the law and they are __________ considered deviant. A) never B) always C) sometimes D) most of the time

Q: Compare and contrast the idealist and materialist perspectives in anthropological research.

Q: What is the role of validation in anthropological research?

Q: Suburbanization has been directly subsidized by the federal government.

Q: In addition to the exploitation of the land and labor of their colonies, colonial superpowers also __________. A) built schools and supported child development B) supported local government leadership C) destroyed cultural patterns of production and exchange D) developed local systems of infrastructure

Q: Contrast the research by Bronislaw Malinowski with that of Annette Weiner in the Trobriand Islands.

Q: Describe the challenges of subjectivity while in the field.

Q: Discuss the pros and cons of "tracking." Would you want to be in an education system with a lot of tracking? What do we gain and lose with such a system?

Q: What types of challenges do anthropologists face in the field? Discuss and give examples.

Q: Eric advocates for __________, a public policy of stopping the flow of drugs into the United States by guarding the borders and curtailing the creation, processing, and distribution of drugs in other countries, as a way of dealing with our drug problem in the United States. A) the decriminalization of drugs B) the politics of drugs C) increased interdiction D) the social construction of drugs

Q: Who are Margaret Mead and Gregory Bateson? What are their contributions to anthropology?

Q: The belief and practice that enforces heterosexual behavior as normal while stigmatizing other forms of sexual expression, known as compulsory _________, is the dominant mode of sexual expression in the United States. A) heterosexuality B) homosexuality C) homophobia D) asexuality

Q: What are eliciting devices?

Q: Since 1980 the federal government has made huge cuts in money and services to central cities, leading to fiscal crisis, a shrinking tax base, poor services, and a declining population.

Q: Compare and contrast formal and informal interviews.

Q: About __________ percent of the world's people live in the overpopulated and poverty-afflicted developing world. A) 10 B) 50 C) 75 D) 90

Q: What would be the costs and benefits of making a commitment to a free education for all students?

Q: The fact that __________ is evidence that the drug war is racist. A) a relatively small percentage of drug users are black or Latino but a large percentage of drug offenders sent to prison were black or Latino B) 10 percent of White drug felons are given probation or non-incarceration compared to 25 percent of Blacks C) until the law was recently changed, a defendant would have to possess 100 times as much marijuana to receive a comparable sentence for crack cocaine D) some drugs that are associated with the upper classes such as opium are legal

Q: Discuss the advantages of qualitative and quantitative data gathering.

Q: Bill is attracted to people of the same sex. Bill is _________. A) homosexual B) heterosexual C) bisexual D) asexual

Q: Name the primary steps involved in ethnographic fieldwork.

Q: Define ethnographic fieldwork.

Q: The most significant factor determining whether one will get credit in U.S. cities is one's credit rating.

Q: Globalization has affected the way anthropologists do fieldwork. Describe two different types of ethnography that are more contemporary examples of "global" work.

Q: In 2011, __________ was the number one seller of arms abroad for the nineteenth straight year. A) Afghanistan B) Iran C) the United States D) Syria

Q: What does it mean to "study up"? Give an example.

Q: In what ways are college opportunities affected by stratification? What would be the advantage of offering a free higher education to all who qualify?

Q: What is a reason the current U.S. drug laws do not work as intended? A) Making drugs illegal stops the demand. B) Corrupt police sometimes cooperate with criminals. C) Drug laws reduce the numbers of criminals who commit further crimes. D) There is a lack of funding for drug law enforcement.

Q: What is important about peasant studies?

Q: Describe the methodology of culture at a distance.

Q: James is attracted both to Nicole and his current boyfriend, Eric. James is __________. A) heteronormative B) asexual C) bisexual D) homosexual

Q: Unlike in the past, high levels of racial segregation persist in only a handful of U.S. metropolitan areas.

Q: What is acculturation? Give at least two examples of some early studies of acculturation.

Q: "New slavery" in developing nations can be characterized by which of the following? A) Girls frequently end up as domestic workers or prostitutes. B) The majority of new slaves are White. C) Slaves now share in the profit of their work. D) Slaves can now easily apply for refugee status in the United States.

Q: What is urgent anthropology? Give an example of how this would be used.

Q: Discuss the claim that American education is the "great equalizer." Is it now? Has it ever been? Does it need to be?

Q: Explain how ethnocentrism impacts culture change.

Q: In the illegal drug trade, __________ flow into Mexico and __________ flow(s) into the United States. A) guns; drugs B) drugs; guns C) felons; cash D) pharmacologists; cartels

Q: Because homosexuality is behavior that does not conform to social expectations, it is common for homosexuals to be __________ and treated as second-class citizens. A) stigmatized B) normalized C) celebrated D) miscegenated

Q: Redlining, discrimination, and disinvestments ultimately lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy of decline in inner-city neighborhoods.

Q: The majority of the 34 million people living with HIV/AIDS live in _________. A) Africa B) Europe C) India D) the United States

Q: Someone once remarked that a Holocaust survivor was hardly likely to be a confirmed cultural relativist. How is cultural relativism related to moral relativism? That is, can we think about the Nazis, or similar movements, in relativistic terms? Is there a role in anthropology for a universalistic conception of human rights?

Q: Explain how local control of education influences the quality of public schools. What would be the effects of removing local control? Do you think we should remove local control?

Q: While more Whites use illegal drugs, drug arrest rates for African Americans are at least __________ times as high. A) two B) ten C) twenty D) twenty-five

Q: What is the measure of a society's success?

Q: A sexual orientation toward someone of the opposite sex, such as when a female is attracted to a male, refers to __________. A) homosexuality B) heterosexuality C) bisexuality D) asexuality

Q: Discuss the effects of commercial industry on the individual in society. Consider examples such as that of the beauty industry.

Q: "Redlining" refers to the practice of making loans to minorities in certain areas knowing they will more likely default and leave behind good investment opportunities for lenders.

Q: What is the relationship between culture, society, and the individual?

Q: __________ contributes to the problem of food shortages in the developing world. A) Low rates of air pollution B) Shrinkage of productive land C) Low infant mortality rates D) Slow population growth

Q: Bronislaw Malinowski said that the ethnographer's goal is "to grasp the native's point of view." Discuss the meaning of this statement and how it affects the way anthropologists do fieldwork.

Q: Apply the "barrel model of culture" to your own culture.

Q: What is the role of the individual in culture?

Q: States currently do not equalize monies to minimize disparities between rich and poor school districts.

Q: The number of adults arrested for drug offenses rose from about __________ in 1980 to about __________ in 2007. A) 500,000; 1.7 million B) 100,000; 500,000 C) 500,000; 1,000,000 D) 100,000; 1 million

Q: Using the example of the Kapauku Papuans, explain the idea that culture is "integrated". Illustrate the concept of the integration of culture with another example as well.

Q: In the United States, many still consider homosexuality __________. A) deviant B) a normal part of life C) a rite of passage D) to be nonexistent

Q: How has technology changed the biological basis for contrasting gender roles?

Q: As large corporations move into the global economy there is an associated increase in jobs in urban centers.

Q: Which of the following is characteristic of developing nations? A) Low rates of poverty, hunger, and misery B) Low infant mortality rates C) Relative powerlessness D) Slow population growth

Q: Programs that work to hold educators accountable by instituting standardized exams often lead to slow learners being encouraged to drop out of school.

Q: Explain the statement that people everywhere are ethnocentric in nature and practice.

Q: Mary is a scientist who is focused on developing a drug that will help people to overcome shyness. She is a(n) __________. A) psychologist B) pharmacologist C) psychiatrist D) sociologist

Q: Discuss the role of culture in architecture.

Q: __________ refers to the way that heterosexuality is glorified while homosexuality is stigmatized in the United States. A) Compulsory heterosexuality B) Mandatory homosexuality C) Mandatory sexual orientation D) Compulsory homosexuality

Q: Using the Amish as an example of subcultural variation, discuss the factors that seem to determine whether or not subcultural variation is tolerated by the larger culture. Compare the Amish with another group less well tolerated in our own society.

Q: Compare and contrast the earliest definition of culture provided by E.B. Tylor and those that we use today. How are they alike and different?

Q: No other industrial nation has allowed the kind of decline and deterioration that faces U.S. urban centers.

Q: Why do cultures exist? Consider why humans have culture and why there is cultural diversity.

Q: According to the text, the major reason for world hunger is __________. A) an insufficient food production for the population B) the control of farmland dominated by large corporations C) the social organization of food production and distribution D) the obesity rates in wealthy nations

Q: Anthropologists say that "culture is learned and shared." What do they mean by this, and how does this occur?