Accounting
Anthropology
Archaeology
Art History
Banking
Biology & Life Science
Business
Business Communication
Business Development
Business Ethics
Business Law
Chemistry
Communication
Computer Science
Counseling
Criminal Law
Curriculum & Instruction
Design
Earth Science
Economic
Education
Engineering
Finance
History & Theory
Humanities
Human Resource
International Business
Investments & Securities
Journalism
Law
Management
Marketing
Medicine
Medicine & Health Science
Nursing
Philosophy
Physic
Psychology
Real Estate
Science
Social Science
Sociology
Special Education
Speech
Visual Arts
Anthropology
Q:
Some people think that schools should compete for students by opening up a free market for public education. They are likely to support __________.
A) a voucher system
B) private schools
C) the status quo
D) more discipline in schools
Q:
Judges had almost sole responsibility for punishing criminals until the decade of the __________.
Q:
Language perpetuates male dominance by __________ women.
A) ignoring, trivializing, and sexualizing
B) marking, shirking, and categorizing
C) sifting, noting, and sorting
D) dominating, marginalizing, and classifying
Q:
Describe the four assimilation options that immigrants have and discuss the implication of each for the immigrant.
Q:
The economic and social constraints on political decision makers that promote the status quo refers to __________.
A) systemic imperatives
B) capitalism
C) socialism
D) interlocking directorates
Q:
Which of the following is suggested for instituting social change?
A) Educating the public
B) Organizing on a national level
C) Electing candidates with strong differences and deep commitments to funders
D) Strengthening lobbying groups
Q:
Manny is disillusioned. He originally got into education to help students learn but he finds that he spends much of his time focusing on order and control. He is beginning to think that __________.
A) conformity matters more than control
B) education matters more than following the rules
C) conformity matters more than learning
D) learning matters more than conformity
Q:
Gambling, prostitution, and recreational drug use are examples of victimless crimes known as __________.
Q:
_________ of the religious denominations in the United States ordain women.
A) Half
B) One third
C) A quarter
D) None
Q:
Because racial minorities have a lower __________ than do Whites, they form a smaller proportion of the elderly population.
Q:
Which of the following is a characteristic of the systemic imperatives the authors discuss?
A) The upheaval of the status quo every few decades
B) The allowance of dissidents to protest in the name of free speech
C) The inertia of institutions that happens because no change is easier than change
D) Participation in the political system by those who represent a wide array of interests
Q:
Which of the following is an area in which African Americans have an advantage over Whites?
A) African Americans are less likely to live in poverty.
B) On average, African Americans earn more income.
C) African Americans' life expectancy is longer.
D) African Americans as a group do not have any significant advantages over Whites.
Q:
"Sifting" and "sorting" __________.
A) do not occur in schools
B) are techniques used to determine which students will occupy high-status positions in society and which students will occupy low-status positions
C) are techniques used to ensure that the most able students are identified and provided resources with which to attain the highest of educational goals
D) refer to the process of selecting sports teams in schools
Q:
Failing to classify the systematically lower life spans for minorities as a crime illustrates the importance of the interests of the __________ class in defining crime.
Q:
In television commercials, women are __________.
A) less frequently shown cleaning than men
B) less likely to be in home than in work settings
C) less likely to be in beauty ads
D) less frequently shown than men
Q:
Until the twentieth century high __________ and high mortality kept the U.S. a youthful nation.
Q:
The popular belief in democracy works to the advantage of the __________.
A) power elite
B) working class
C) working poor
D) military
Q:
Who refused to give up her seat to a White man and sparked the Montgomery bus boycott?
A) Coretta Scott King
B) Rosa Parks
C) Rosa King
D) Bertie Parks
Q:
As a result of a lack of curriculum standardization, __________.
A) there is a great deal of variation in what students learn
B) each year many students go to different schools with the same standards
C) American students are acquiring the skills necessary to succeed in the modern world
D) the American education system is the best in the world
Q:
Corporate or __________ crime is not punished by society in direct proportion to the costs of the crimes.
Q:
Max thinks of himself as a tough risk taker who is also highly empathetic and nurturing. Max displays __________ characteristics.
A) masculine
B) feminine
C) androgynous
D) bisexual
Q:
In relation to finances, elderly married couples tend to have a greater __________ than elderly singles.
Q:
According to your text, the power elite are engaged in __________.
A) a conspiracy to disadvantage the poor
B) ending subsidies to business and industry
C) making sure the voice of the powerless is heard
D) making decisions that advantage the haves at the expense of the have-nots
Q:
The fact that __________ is used as a rationale for a progressive plan.
A) inequality may threaten domestic security
B) social problems are exacerbated by helping the poor
C) our society has no inherent obligation to provide a social safety net
D) progressive policies are cheaper in the short run
Q:
A system of school vouchers is a __________.
A) program for directly funding home schooling
B) program for specifically funding magnet schools
C) technique for paying tuition to any public or private school
D) technique used for paying out-of-district school costs
Q:
The police spend the majority of their time regulating __________.
Q:
In her essay for a sociology of gender course, Ellen takes the __________ approach because she believes that a differential rewards system explains gender inequality.
A) gender structure
B) gender roles
C) heterosexuality
D) glass ceiling
Q:
Previous immigrants settled primarily in the industrial states of the Northeast and __________ regions or the farming areas of the Midwest.
Q:
The power elite can get its way without actually being mobilized because the choices of decision makers are often limited by __________.
A) government checks and balances
B) systemic imperatives
C) the political power of the power elite
D) congressional filibusters
Q:
Barriers to progressive reform include a __________.
A) strong belief in individualism
B) strong labor union movement
C) small federal budget deficit
D) spirit of political compromise
Q:
How do schools encourage conformity?
A) By expecting students to give
Q:
The design of laws is influenced by a(n) __________ bias.
Q:
Some people believe males and females learn to be different through socialization in the family, schools, and religious and political institutions. These people take the __________ approach.
A) gender structure
B) gender roles
C) heterosexual
D) glass ceiling
Q:
Most unauthorized immigrants enter the United States by crossing the border with __________.
Q:
According to the text, which of the following is a means through which power can be wielded?
A) Consensus
B) Cooperation
C) Democracy
D) Persuasion
Q:
Which of the following is a time during which significant reforms were undertaken in the United States?
A) The Roaring Twenties era
B) The post-World War II era
C) The Civil War era
D) The Cold War era
Q:
What feature of the current education system contributes to its nature of replicating class structures?
A) The lack of a competitive nature in U.S. education
B) The preoccupation with freedom and individuality
C) Sifting and sorting functions
D) A nationalized curriculum
Q:
Bernie Madoff ran a securities fraud known as a(n) __________.
Q:
If Charles is androgynous, we would expect him to have __________ stereotypically male sex role characteristics and __________ stereotypically female sex role characteristics.
A) few; many
B) many; few
C) many; many
D) few; few
Q:
In the United States, __________ are increasing faster than the majority population.
Q:
According to your text, the government has the power to expand or reduce the gap between the haves and the have-nots but politicians have prioritized __________.
A) healthcare reform
B) the reduction of the size of government
C) the reduction of taxes for the wealthy
D) campaign finance reform
Q:
Which two conditions are necessary for a new progressive era?
A) A strong union movement and a conservative federal legislature
B) A class-based party and a conservative federal legislature
C) A class-based party and a strong union movement
D) A two-party political system and a female president
Q:
In 2007, over __________ California schools were identified as "chronic failures."
A) 1,000
B) 2,000
C) 3,000
D) 4,000
Q:
The breaking of a law is the most common definition of __________.
Q:
In high school, girls tend to __________.
A) receive higher grades than boys
B) get higher standardized test scores than boys
C) take more math and science courses than boys
D) play on integrated sports teams
Q:
The __________ amendments of 1965 abandoned the quota system that had preserved the European character of the United States for nearly half a century.
Q:
The implication in Chapter 2 is that oligarchs are likely also __________.
A) socialists
B) plutocrats
C) Marxists
D) in poverty
Q:
The emergence of a __________ party is needed for progressive social policies to work.
A) race-based
B) class-based
C) gender-based
D) youth-based
Q:
No Child Left Behind requires states to establish standards in __________.
A) math
B) theater
C) music
D) physical education
Q:
In order to stop the cradle to prison pipeline __________ must be instituted to deal with inherent institutional inequalities that put people at risk of committing crimes and being detected and prosecuted for those crimes.
A) more humane prisons
B) a prison-industrial complex
C) a uniform crime report
D) early childhood intervention programs
Q:
Which of the following aspect(s) of education is/are discriminatory?
A) Curriculum
B) Title IX
C) Teacher pay
D) After-school programs
Q:
The __________ generation, roughly 76 million Americans were born between 1946 and 1964.
Q:
By paying less in taxes, the affluent are in effect reducing their support from programs that __________.
A) help the poor
B) maintain roads
C) promote finance reform
D) reduce racism
Q:
Of the following, which country has the lowest total tax rate in terms of percentage of gross domestic product?
A) The United States
B) Germany
C) France
D) England
Q:
Officially, the separation of church and state means that __________.
A) schools must be free from religious instruction
B) religious education must be a separate topic in schools
C) all religions must be taught equally in schools
D) schools must promote religious instruction throughout the curriculum
Q:
Jeff was arrested and convicted of his third felony. The judge has no choice other than to give him life without parole. This is an example of __________ sentencing.
A) mandatory
B) determinate
C) primary
D) terminal
Q:
Which of the following is a way that families teach children about gender?
A) Getting gender-appropriate pets
B) Giving different toys to boys than to girls
C) Segregating most family activities by gender
D) Feeding children gender-specific foods
Q:
Unlike other developed nations, the U.S. population continues to grow primarily because of a large influx of __________.
Q:
The high cost of financing political campaigns favor __________, who have an easier time raising money.
A) incumbent candidates
B) African American candidates
C) female candidates
D) first-time candidates
Q:
Funds to finance a progressive agenda could come from __________.
A) decreasing taxes
B) eliminating corporate welfare
C) reducing the education budget
D) eliminating food stamps
Q:
Local control of education is often a social problem because of __________.
A) the relationship between national tax revenues and the quality of education
B) the underrepresentation on school boards of business leaders
C) the lack of standardized curriculum
D) a preoccupation with conformity
Q:
The police are somewhat unique in the criminal justice process in that they tend to work with their clients in __________ which gives them a tremendous amount of decisional __________.
A) public; latitude
B) private; latitude
C) public; restriction
D) private; restriction
Q:
Title IX resulted in __________.
A) allowing girls to wear make-up to school
B) the elimination of discrimination against women in sports
C) more spending on women's sports
D) busing to create gender integration in schools
Q:
At the beginning of 2012, the population of the United States was approximately 313,000,000, which is the __________ highest population in the world.
Q:
The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act __________.
A) prevented candidates from using their own money to win elections
B) limited the use of soft money in federal elections
C) limited the giving of large sums to affect election outcomes
D) allowed unlimited donations from individual donors
Q:
Which of the following is a progressive proposal advanced by the authors of the text?
A) A sense of moral obligation to the wealthy
B) Government programs that provide for those who can"t do so for themselves
C) A special commitment to adults
D) Decreased taxes for everyone
Q:
About what percentage of today's American adults have graduated from college?
A) 5 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 45 percent
D) 65 percent
Q:
Laws against moral issues such as pornography, drug use, and gambling illustrate __________ as the powerful try to coerce others into accepting dominant morals.
A) the political nature of law creation
B) the lack of accountability for corporations
C) how rare political crimes really are
D) the violence inherent in the justice system
Q:
The combination of traditional feminine and masculine characteristics refers to __________.
A) gender segregation
B) androgyny
C) patriarchy
D) gender stratification
Q:
The elderly who are members of racial or ethnic minorities are disproportionately poor.
Q:
527s are advocacy groups that __________.
A) finance political ads that are directly connected to a specific candidate
B) finance political ads while not directly campaigning for a specific candidate
C) provide illegal financing of federal political campaigns
D) provide direct political lobbying for specific candidates
Q:
Alex believes, among other things, that the United States should do a much better job of providing for vulnerable citizens who cannot provide for themselves including, especially, children. Alex is in favor of __________.
A) a progressive agenda
B) a conservative social policy
C) gerrymandering
D) a plutocracy
Q:
As cited in your text, about what percentage of American adults are high school graduates?
A) 35 percent
B) 55 percent
C) 85 percent
D) 95 percent
Q:
Wade is thinking about starting a company to run jails and prisons but wants to minimize his risks, so he works with various states to get a long-term contract and guarantees of minimum occupancy levels. Wade is becoming a part of the __________.
A) prison-industrial complex
B) state profit system
C) cradle to prison pipeline
D) humane prison movement
Q:
Barrie Thorne, in a study of gender play, found that __________.
A) boys control less space
B) boys more often violate girls' activities
C) boys treat girls as equals when they play
D) children are unaware of gender at early ages
Q:
The states with the fewest immigrants have the highest levels of anti-immigrant feeling.
Q:
Contributors of large sums of money to political campaigns receive which of the following benefits?
A) Free publicity for their companies
B) Full tax exemptions
C) Influence over the positions of politicians on public issues
D) Free trips with the candidate to national events
Q:
Just before the last election cycle the members of a state house of representatives got together and redrew the boundaries for various voting districts. The group that held power at the time consistently blocked efforts to draw boundaries favorable to the minority party and instead divided the state in a way that would ensure them the most votes in a process known as __________.
A) a plutocracy
B) devolution
C) gerrymandering
D) unionizing
Q:
The educational process in the United States is largely __________.
A) conservative
B) liberal
C) libertarian
D) progressive
Q:
The case of the Jena Six is an example of __________.
A) racial profiling
B) a racially biased justice system
C) mandatory sentencing
D) determinate sentencing