Q&A Hero

Q: Discuss the concept of "deviance" as a socially created notion with respect to homosexuality. Who creates this form of deviance and who benefits from its enforcement?

Q: When a prophecy is fulfilled because people's behavior conforms to the prediction, this is known as __________. A) a self-fulfilling prophecy B) blaming the victim C) institutional discrimination D) social Darwinism

Q: Which of the following contributes to the greenhouse effect? A) Plant absorption of carbon monoxide B) Burning of leaves from intense sun in the rainforests C) Chlorofluorocarbon accumulation in the atmosphere D) Low levels of plant decomposition

Q: __________ practices increase the likelihood that chronically ill low-income patients will receive at least a basic level of appropriate medical treatment.

Q: The speculative nature of the housing market and home flipping led to __________, and was a major contributor to the most recent recession. A) homeshoring B) a housing bubble C) sunset industries D) sunrise industries

Q: Stonewall effectively stopped the gay rights movement.

Q: According to the text, __________. A) the poor can lift themselves out of poverty B) volunteers can lift the poor out of poverty C) the private sector can lift the poor out of poverty D) institutional discrimination keeps the poor in poverty

Q: The greenhouse effect occurs when__________. A) plant decomposition takes place B) the humidity from rainwater rises to the atmosphere C) gases accumulate in the atmosphere and act as a glass roof D) chlorofluorocarbons are absorbed by plants

Q: In 1996, for the first time since the epidemic began in the United States, the number of people diagnosed with __________ declined from the previous year.

Q: Many contingent workers have home offices and do most if not all of their contract work from their own house in a practice known as __________. A) homesourcing B) outsourcing C) offshoring D) globalization

Q: Prohibitions against sodomy are no longer common in the United States.

Q: Institutional discrimination is __________. A) found in tracking in education and the system of school funding based on property taxes B) an example of a deficiency theory C) the same as the culture-of-poverty hypothesis D) what occurs when the poor have brought poverty on themselves

Q: Which of the following is a major contributor to the deforestation of tropical rainforests? A) Damage by wildlife B) Lumber and mining companies C) Local tribes using timber for construction D) Global warming

Q: Black women are __________ likely than their white counterparts to be diagnosed with breast cancer.

Q: Josh works in the IT industry as a computer systems analyst. His job can be characterized as in which of the following? A) Sunset industry B) Sunrise industry C) Service sector D) Secondary sector

Q: Since they are a legally protected minority group, gays and lesbians now have complete legal protection against discrimination in hiring.

Q: Those who believe in the __________ believe that the poor are qualitatively different in values and lifestyles from the rest of society. A) blaming the victim approach B) self-fulfilling prophecy C) culture-of-poverty D) feminization of poverty

Q: In less developed countries, contaminated water results in __________. A) Higher tide levels B) Cholera and other diseases C) Torrential rains D) Climate change

Q: __________ not only increases the quality of care at private hospitals, which drives up profits and furthers healthcare segregation, it also leads to overcrowding and poorer care at public hospitals.

Q: Gerald is a freelance artist who works from home. He is referred to as a(n) __________ employee. A) independent B) self-sufficient C) contingent D) primary sector

Q: Though the courts routinely grant custody to heterosexual parents regardless of whether the arrangement is better for the child or not, biological parents who are gay or lesbian are often denied custody of their own children.

Q: The culture-of-poverty hypothesis __________. A) is based on the belief that the poor have a deviant cultural pattern that is transmitted from generation to generation B) argues that those who are poor are unfit C) is an example of institutional theory D) is the commonly accepted explanation of poverty within sociology

Q: Which of the following is a major source of water pollution? A) Wild animals B) Naturally grown fish C) Industries D) Vehicles

Q: The money paid out by insurance companies for healthcare is referred to as a(n) __________, reflecting the contradiction of the profit motive in healthcare.

Q: Jerica's factory recently moved out of the United States to a country with cheaper labor where she will produce the same products at a lower cost in a practice known as __________. A) offshoring B) outsourcing C) globalization D) alienation

Q: Marriages of homosexuals are upheld in over half the states in the United States.

Q: __________ is the belief that where people end up in terms of wealth and class is a function of their natural ability. A) Self-fulfilling prophecy B) Culture-of-poverty C) Blaming the victim D) A regressive mindset

Q: The United States burns just about __________ percent of the world's coal. A) 10 B) 50 C) 75 D) 25

Q: The elderly take an average of __________ prescription drugs per person.

Q: Some companies employ workers in low-wage countries to provide services to people in the United States instead of employing Americans to do the same work as they had in the past. This practice is known as __________. A) contingent work B) primary sector work C) outsourcing D) tax evasion

Q: Homosexuality is classified as a mental disorder.

Q: Which of the following is a claim made by modern-day Social Darwinists Jensen, Herrnstein, and Murray? A) African Americans are more well endowed mentally than Whites. B) Mental ability is inherited, and success depends on mental ability. C) The poor are poor because they lack the same values as their better-off peers. D) Differences in success are due solely work ethic.

Q: What percentage of fossil fuel is consumed by the United States? A) 25 percent B) 30 percent C) 5 percent D) 60 percent

Q: In 2010, the largest healthcare companies combined for approximately __________ billion dollars in profits.

Q: Some societies organize their economic system in a way that benefits the collective as opposed to any one individual. This system is known as __________. A) capitalism B) globalization C) socialism D) feminism

Q: The "Don"t Ask, Don"t Tell" rule led to a large number of homosexuals in the military coming "out of the closet."

Q: Which of the following is a characteristic of the capitalist system that contributes to the persistence of poverty? A) Employers keeping wages so low that many full-time workers live below the poverty line B) The practice of ensuring high wages, which requires that there be a surplus of unemployed laborers C) Employers making investment decisions while consulting their employees D) Corporate profits being diverted into employee retirement programs, so they do no good immediately.

Q: The world's population has increased dramatically and has reached approximately __________ people. A) 9 billion B) 7 billion C) 6 million D) 7 million

Q: Allison is a 24-year-old recent college graduate who has not yet managed to find employment. She is likely to __________ the new Affordable Health Care Act. A) not have heard of B) support C) oppose D) be indifferent about

Q: Displaced workers are those who __________. A) have lost their jobs and are forced to move out of the country B) face never being re-employed at jobs that pay the level of wages to which they have been accustomed C) move to the United States due to civil war D) work for a company which requires them to move every year or more

Q: No religious organization condones gay marriage.

Q: When the social arrangements and accepted ways of doing things in society disadvantage minority groups it is known as __________. A) individual discrimination B) blaming the victim C) institutional discrimination D) the feminization of discrimination

Q: One of the main social forces that profoundly disturbs the earth's ecosystem is __________. A) the increase in human population B) the astronomical anomalies in the last decade C) the growing of food in greenhouses D) the decrease in economic growth

Q: __________ U.S. presidents have tried to pass some version of healthcare reform. A) Multiple B) All C) Few D) No

Q: An employment arrangement where employees work as temporaries or independent contractors and get few benefits from employers is __________. A) discouraged employment B) displaced employment C) reserve employment D) contingent employment

Q: Whereas sexual preference refers to a deterministic view of sexual tendencies, sexual orientation implies a sense of choice regarding the sex of the people to whom one is attracted.

Q: "Social Darwinism" refers to the theory that the poor are poor because __________. A) they are unfit A) societal structures limit their opportunities B) they are subject to institutional discrimination C) they are discriminated against

Q: Discuss the dangers that exist in the developing world if wealthy nations do not provide more resources for development aid. In what ways do wealthy nations currently provide support for developing nations? What provisos should be put in place with regard to humanitarian aid to maximize effectiveness?

Q: The new U.S. healthcare system signed into law in 2010 __________. A) requires all people to get a government-sponsored insurance plan B) requires everyone to have health insurance C) forces younger adults off of their parents' health insurance plans earlier D) requires businesses of all sizes to provide employee healthcare

Q: Schumpeter's concept of __________ refers to the process of economic transformation that is associated with the ongoing mutation of capitalism. A) destructive capitalism B) creative destruction C) mutative creativity D) capitalistic creativity

Q: Compulsory heterosexuality refers to the way that heterosexuality is glorified while homosexuality is stigmatized in the United States.

Q: Jeff is a part of a hidden system of tax breaks and advantages given to his corporation directly in the form of subsidies and indirectly in the form of tax loopholes. Jeff benefits from __________. A) welfare B) wealthfare C) institutional discrimination D) the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act

Q: Describe the ways in which the high growth rates of cities contribute to global poverty.

Q: __________ was a prominent political tactic used to oppose the Obama healthcare plan. A) Compromise B) Acquiescence C) Lobbying D) Caving in

Q: Fundamental changes in the economy resulting from technological breakthroughs, globalization, and capital flight describes __________. A) the reserve army of the unemployed B) the structural transformation of the economy C) sunrise industries D) sunset industries

Q: Ernie has lately begun speaking out on the issue of gay, lesbian, and bisexual rights. He is becoming a(n) __________.

Q: A tax rate that remains the same for all people rich or poor is an example of a __________. A) tax expenditure B) progressive tax C) regressive tax D) medical tax

Q: Describe the reasons for the historic and systemic poverty in Haiti.

Q: Health-related companies spent __________ million on lobbying in 2009. A) $68 B) $100 C) $648 D) $800

Q: The United States is in the midst of an economic transformation that is moving it to a(n) __________. A) service/information economy B) manufacturing economy C) agrarian economy D) transportation and entertainment-based economy

Q: __________ is the organization that works to promote the accurate depiction of gays in television, film, and advertising.

Q: __________ are legal tax loopholes that allow the affluent to escape paying certain taxes and receive a subsidy. A) Regressive taxes B) Tax expenditures C) Welfare taxes D) Poverty thresholds

Q: Describe the reasons for the large numbers of people who are food insecure and malnourished around the world. Compare the social, environmental, and political factors that contribute to hunger.

Q: Using evolution to solve health problems requires medical researchers have training that includes evolutionary theory.

Q: The most immediate risk of acidification of the oceans is to the whales and dolphins off the western coasts of North America.

Q: The scientific community is now in almost complete agreement that we are seeing the effects of global warming.

Q: It is estimated that about 10 percent of all ocean-dwelling plants and animals on earth live in endangered coastal reefs.

Q: Many scientists see the production of greenhouse gases by humans as tipping the balance toward a catastrophic global climate change.

Q: In 1990, the people of Bangladesh were unable to cope with the floods since they had no knowledge of irrigation systems.

Q: Today, the effects of human impact on ecosystems remain a localized phenomenon.

Q: Destruction of natural resources in the past has severe consequences for people living today.

Q: Some human groups began to abandon their nomadic lifestyles and settled down approximately 15,000 years ago.

Q: Physical anthropologists do NOT view culture as a human adaptive strategy.

Q: By ______________________Costa Rica has been able to preserve much of its forests and wildlife. a. banning hunting b. limiting the rise in childbirth rates c. developing ecotourism d. educating girls and women e. discouraging ecotourism

Q: It appears the world's population growth has a. increased due to the decline in mortality rates of children. b. increased due to the use of antibiotics. c. decreased due to increases in income and education. d. increased due to decreases in income and education. e. not been a problem since the advent of agriculture.

Q: According to the textbook authors, the problems facing our planet reflect a. defects in our understanding of the evolutionary process. b. problems inherent in biodiversity. c. worrisome scientific overthinking. d. an adaptive strategy gone awry. e. education policies.

Q: Our use of antibiotics has dramatically altered the course of evolution, to the point that a. antibiotics are no longer significant selective factors causing bacteria to evolve. b. human technology is no longer responsible for the deadly nature of new diseases. c. insecticides are now more prevalent in reducing malaria. d. antibiotics are significant selective factors causing more virulent forms of bacteria. e. at least 15% of degraded ecosystems have been restored.

Q: The prediction is that the destruction of rain forest species will represent ____________of all plant and animal species on earth. a. 5-10% b. 10-20% c. half d. three-fourths e. the most insignificant

Q: Biologist Stephen Palumbi states that humans are the "world's greatest evolutionary force." By this he means a. we are the strongest on the planet. b. we are the most prolific organism on the planet. c. we are the least destructive on the planet. d. we can destroy ourselves and perhaps all life on earth. e. we do have a profound effect on the evolutionary histories of almost all forms of life.

Q: By most standards, Homo sapiens a. is a successful genera. b. is a successful species. c. constitutes a majority of the cells on the planet. d. has not altered the face of the planet.