Q&A Hero

Q: The French/Indian War, which ended in 1763, __________. a. ignored the British b. was won by the British c. ended with settlers respecting terms of the treaty d. was a dispute over Central America

Q: The Mississippian Complex, beginning c. 1000 BP, included corn as the major food crop, an increase in agriculture, and clear evidence of ranked social organization. T/F

Q: The Cheyenne tribal and political organization continues to be called the __________. a. Council of Four-Four b. Chief's Circle c. The Longhouse d. House of Representatives e. Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)

Q: As General of the Army in 1869, General William T. Sherman __________. a. Formed peaceful agreements with Indians b. Was fired for sympathizing too much with Natives' causes c. Campaigned to exterminate Indians in the West d. Campaigned to send Indian children to boarding schools

Q: In spite of the size and complexity of many Southeast groups, the tribes remain poorly known because many groups ceased to exist by the time Europeans took an interest in recording information about them. T/F

Q: In Cheyenne cosmology, the Sweet Medicine Bundle contains __________. a. seven eagle feathers b. five magic stones c. four sacred arrows d. three turtle shells e. two axes

Q: The English came to the New World primarily__________. a. to gain land b. to ease unemployment in Great Britain c. to get rid of criminals d. none of the above e. all of the above

Q: One of the biggest problems of Northeast Indians today is that their tribes did not survive into the twentieth century. T/F

Q: Which of the following did buffalo provide for Plains Indians? a. Robes, shields, containers b. Scrapers, axes, awls c. Sinew for sewing and bowing d. All of these

Q: The Dutch, the French, and the Russians were primarily interested in __________. a. the fur trade b. converting Indians to Christianity c. gaining land to farm d. building settlements

Q: Northeast material culture included __________. a. the use of two types of canoes b. clothing made from buffalo skin c. living in longhouses d. a and b e. a and c

Q: ________ and feathers were utilized to decorate clothing in many Plains cultures a. Porcupine quills b. Clam shells c. Bison bones d. Deer antlers e. Hawk claws

Q: The repartimiento system __________. a. was a way to Christianize Indians b. gave land back to Indians c. replaced the enconmienda system d. helped Europeans obtain furs from Indians

Q: Agricultural techniques in the Northeast included __________. a. slash and burn b. Leaving fields to go fallow c. corn and beans d. All of the above

Q: Which domesticated animal introduced by Europeans revolutionized Plains Indian lives? a. Beaver b. Horse c. Dog d. Chicken

Q: The encomienda system was __________. a. fair to Indians b. form of Indian feudalism c. based on communes d. not used often

Q: According to Northeast social organization, the farming groups were patrilineal and the groups that depended mostly on hunting were matrilineal. T /F

Q: The major economic activities of Plains groups include __________. a. fishing b. trapping for the fur trade c. bison hunting and agriculture d. raiding

Q: Spain's approach to the New World included _________. a. converting Indians b. establishing an imperial presence c. Taking rich resources d. all of the above

Q: The story of Pocahontas is typical of the romanticized "Indian Princess" who rejects native culture and values. T/F

Q: The Plains are located east of __________. a. The Rocky Mountains b. Lake Erie c. The Mississippi River d. Hudson Bay

Q: Europeans traveled to the New World in order to __________. a. learn from Indians b. conquer people and loot resources c. primarily to convert natives to Christianity d. all of the above

Q: Warfare was a common and important aspect of Northeastern cultures. T/F

Q: For the Hopi, the primary economic system was agriculture. T/F

Q: The first Europeans to make the earliest documented contact with the New World were __________. a. Columbus and crew in 1492 b. Vikings in AD 500 c. Portuguese in 1400 d. Norse, around AD 1000

Q: The political organization of the Northeast tribes consisted of three primary types, __________. a. bands, tribes, and tribelets. b. tribes, groups, and nations. c. bands, tribes, and confederacies. d. tribes, bands, and nations.

Q: Navajo social and political organization was dominated by a strong patriarchy that rules families and clans.

Q: The atlatl was a tool used by Native Americans for sharpening their spear points.

Q: As always, the impact of European contact on native Northeastern cultures resulted in an increase in native population due to better conditions. T/F

Q: For the Navajo a complex system of chants or ceremonies, called "Ways," __________. a. existed to denounce and overcome enemies b. involved beautiful rock paintings c. maintained harmony and increased wealth and prosperity d. could be performed by anyone

Q: It is likely that Native Americans arrived in the Americas in one large migration.

Q: By the early 1500s, European fishermen were fishing off the coast of North America, and in the Northeast, the fur trade became important. T/F

Q: The Hopi believe the earth contains just __________ world(s). a. 2 b. 8 c. 1 d. 4

Q: Agriculture was introduced in North America from Mesoamerica about 3000 years ago.

Q: An important crop that spread through the Northeast culture region during the late Woodland Period was __________. a. wheat b. rice c. cotton. d. corn or maize

Q: Hopi children __________. a. were strictly disciplined and expected to behave b. were visited by monster katsinas if they were bad c. could not keep any pets d. played very little

Q: The Archaic Period is best known for the introduction of true agriculture.

Q: The Hopewell sites are more simple with no sign of fortifications. T/F

Q: Hopi religious belief __________. a. maintains 12 secret societies, all for women b. centered on bringing rain as the primary goal of ceremonies c. uses katsinas all year round in ceremonies d. begins the year with Niman in February

Q: Clovis and Folsom points are indicative of the Paleo-Indian Period.

Q: Sites in the Adena Complex usually consist of burial mounds and small areas of occupation. T/F

Q: The Navajo believed __________. a. in Earth People and Sky People b. in Holy People who are always good and helpful when prayed to properly c. only Changing Woman was dependable and trustworthy d. in Spider Woman, who taught them about poisons

Q: The most popular theory among scientists for Native Americans' populating the New World is the in situ theory.

Q: The Woodland Period (c. 3000 BP to contact) is defined by three innovations, including __________.a. manufacture of pottery and use of burial moundsb. fancy basketwork and use of ironc. simple cultures with no agricultured. all of the above

Q: Traditionally the Navajo __________. a. were raiders and highly adaptable to their environment b. used and sold slaves c. were friendly with the Spanish d. all of the above e. a and b

Q: Fortunately, Europeans in the New World completely understood Native American ideas about farming and land use.

Q: During the Archaic Period in the Northeast, a culture named for this metal spread throughout the western region __________. a. iron b. gold c. steel d. copper

Q: Perhaps the single most important aspect of Rarmuri social organization is __________. a. the unequal distribution of wealth b. their devotion to their clans c. their frequent beer drinking parties d. their refusal to own property

Q: Popular Indian stereotypes include bloodthirsty warriors and noble warriors.

Q: The earliest known archaeological site in the Northeast culture area is the Meadowcroft Rockshelter, located in __________. a. Connecticut b. Pennsylvania c. New York d. Ohio

Q: The Spanish introduced the Pueblo people to __________.a. new and deadly diseasesb. wheat, peppers, and tomatoesc. horses, cattle, and sheepd. Christianitye. all of the above

Q: The term "salvage ethnography," used by anthropologists in the late 1800s, indicates these researchers believed Native Americans were going extinct.

Q: The Rarmuri were famous for __________. a. violins b. flutes c. gourd rattles d. leather-covered drums e. all of the above

Q: The Anasazi are the possible ancestors of the __________. a. Navajo b. Pueblo c. Rarmuri d. O"odham

Q: The concept of Unilinear Cultural Evolution, classifying people by labels of savage, barbaric, and civilized, was not accepted by most anthropologists.

Q: When a young Navajo couple married, __________. a. matrilocal residence was the ideal. b. bilocal residence might occur c. residence depended on various factors d. all of the above

Q: Today the Navajo __________.a. sell pottery, silver work, sandpaintings, and textilesb. have interests in coal, gas, oil, timber, and gravelc. have increased irrigated agricultured. all of the abovee. none of the above

Q: The kinship classifications used today were named after Native American groups.

Q: The Rarmuri divide people into two categories, Raramuri, humans (Indians) or chabochis, not really humans (non-Indians.) T/F

Q: The tribe farthest away from the four corners area is the __________. a. Hopi b. Navajo c. Apache d. Rarmuri

Q: By the early 1800s researchers had lost interest in Native Americans.

Q: Hopi courtship traditionally __________. a. was arranged by parents b. was dominated by the dumaiya c. emphasized male virginity d. was with one's own clan and phratry members

Q: A major land dispute has been taking place for decade between which two Southwestern groups? a. Rarmuri and Tejano b. Apache and Comanche c. Patayan and Hohokam d. Navajo and Hopi

Q: Native American foods and drugs have no impact on U.S. life today.

Q: Hopi katsinas were __________. a. children b. Impersonated by adults c. present throughout the year d. a and b e. all of the above

Q: The Hopi occupy parts of modern day __________. a. New Mexico b. Mexico c. Utah and Colorado d. Arizona

Q: The term "berdache" refers to a war trophy, such as a scalp, taken by warriors of some Native American tribes.

Q: Traditional Hopi homes __________. a. were owned by women b. had no door on the street side. c. were typically entered by descending a ladder d. all of the above e. none of the above

Q: Don Juan is well-known for being a. an Apache leader who fought against the Mexican and American governments. b. one of the only native ethnographers to do research on his own people in the 19th c. the Navajo shaman who started the Ghost Dance revitalization movement. d. a fake informant that Carlos Castaneda invented and published about in the 1960s.

Q: Native American women seldom held positions of power and were generally treated as inferior, much like European women.

Q: Sitting Bull, a famous Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux war chief, was not present at the Battle of Little Big Horn and died peacefully in his sleep on a reservation. T/F

Q: The Apachean groups, inhabitants of the Sonoran Desert, and the farmers of northern Mexico are all __________. a. non-Puebloan Southwestern groups b. Puebloan Southwestern groups c. Direct descendents of the Puebloan Southwestern groups d. Great Basin groups that traded with Southwestern groups

Q: Many groups of Native Americans are known today by names they did not use for themselves.

Q: Ghosts were behind the Navajo fear of the dead. T/F

Q: Where did Geronimo die? a. Arizona b. Oklahoma c. California d. Nevada

Q: Europeans used low estimates for Native American populations to justify European occupation of North America and South America.

Q: Enemy Way among the Navajo was __________. a. a way to inflict evil spells on the enemy b. a way of warriors getting power before going into battle c. a ritual to remove evil influences from warriors returning from a raid. d. none of these

Q: According to scientific theory, the Navajo came to the Southwest from which direction? a. the northwest b. the southeast c. the southwest d. the northeast

Q: In Mexico the mestizos or mixed bloods account for at least 75% of the population.

Q: Plains Indian life with the horse chasing the buffalo was actually a result of European contact. T/F