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Archaeology
Q:
Excavations have shown that the Aztec empire contained skilled iron smelters.
Q:
Pagos are raised agriculture beds built in the swamps surrounding Tenochtitln.
Q:
Cantona in eastern Puebla, Mexico, is one of the largest Late Classic sites. This is surprising because:
A. it is situated in inhospitable lands
B. the Maya had conquered it during the Middle Classic
C. a long drought had ended occupation there a few centuries before this period
D. it lacks natural resources and good agricultural lands
Q:
The Toltec Empire was large and powerful, controlling a substantial area.
Q:
The art and architecture of _______ in the Gulf lowlands prospered during the Late Classic/Epiclassic period, with typical features being the step-fret motif and flying cornices.
A. Teotihuacan
B. La Venta
C. El Tajn
D. Cerro de las Mesas
Q:
Tajn Chico is the name for:
A. the area downhill from El Tajn where numerous ball courts were constructed
B. the area of El Tajn where male ball players were coached
C. a palace complex uphill from El Tajn
D. a rural outpost of El Tajn that had similar architecture to the main site
Q:
El Tajn had over a dozen ball courts because:
A. there were twelve major-league sports teams, each of which needed its own court
B. it held regional events, similar to the Olympics, and required such facilities to host them
C. numerous schools for ball game players were located at the site
D. each of its rulers probably built his own court
Q:
Aztln is the mythical homeland of the Mexica, who formed the Aztec Empire.
Q:
Archaeologists have determined that El Tajn likely controlled much of the north-central Gulf lowlands because:
A. Mayan glyphs record high numbers of transactions in this region
B. it was ideally located for growing commodities and had a large population
C. its ball courts were the largest in Mesoamerica
D. examples of its pottery have been recovered at sites all over Mesoamerica
Q:
The Florentine Codex, compiled by friar Bartolome de las Casas, is a major source of information on the Aztecs.
Q:
During the Late Classic/Epiclassic, ______ dominated the north-central Gulf lowlands.
A. El Tajn
B. Tula
C. Tamun
D. Tamtok
Q:
The Maya hieroglyphs were deciphered in the late 19th century by a German linguist.
Q:
The ideal spindle whorl for spinning cotton into thread is:
A. of heavy-duty weight
B. made of metal
C. relatively light
D. red in color
Q:
One aspect of Maya material culture that is largely invisible in the archaeological record is woven cloth, because it is perishable.
Q:
The mold-made spindle whorl revolutionized cotton spinning because:
A. it could be efficiently used by all
B. the resulting thread was of consistently fine quality
C. it replaced metal whorls, which rusted easily
D. it enabled both children and adults to quickly master the art of spinning
Q:
Geophysics creates detailed pictures of archaeological sites and exactly what is under the ground.
Q:
The main product of the south-central Gulf lowlands was:
A. pulque
B. turquoise
C. copper
D. cotton
Q:
Maya pyramids were constructed during a single building episode.
Q:
During Period 2 (1200"1521), metalworking in Mesoamerica:
A. was confined to Western Mexico
B. focused on decorative items
C. witnessed a technological revolution
D. saw continuity in materials and methods prevail
Q:
From bones, osteoarchaeologists can find out about diet, disease, growth, behavior and lifestyles of people.
Q:
The main objects produced during the first period of Mesoamerican metallurgy were:
A. swords
B. axes
C. bells
D. necklaces
Q:
The Feathered Serpent is a recurring symbol of a deity in Mesoamerican pre-history.
Q:
In Mesoamerica's Period 1 (600/800 to 1200), copper was the metal of choice because:
A. it was associated with a particular deity that was prominent at the time
B. no other materials were available
C. it is stronger than other metals
D. it is the easiest metal to extract and work
Q:
Teotihuacn was the capital of the Aztec Empire.
Q:
Two major sites of the Huastec region, one of which contains Late Classic murals, are:
A. Tamun and Tamtok
B. Tamtok and Tula
C. Tula and Tamun
D. Teotihuacan and Tula
Q:
The Olmec developed a highly sophisticated artistic tradition that included monumental sculptures of snakes.
Q:
The _______ were a Mayan-speaking group that moved to the northern Gulf lowlands in the Formative period and flourished during the Late Classic.
A. Olmecs
B. Toltecs
C. Huastecs
D. Chontal Maya
Q:
The reigns of Maya rulers were deciphered based on two signs, known as the "toothache sign" and the "upended frog" sign.
Q:
West Mexican metalworking technology probably originated in:
A. the Northern Arid Zone
B. northwestern South America
C. northeastern South America
D. the Amazon region of South America
Q:
This monumental structure was at the center of both physical and spiritual world of the Aztec.
a. Templo Mayor
b. Pyramid of the Sun
c. Pyramid of Aztln
d. Pyramid of the Moon
Q:
During the Late Classic/Epiclassic, La Quemada in the Northwestern Frontier was primarily a:
A. ceremonial center
B. huge city on a par with Teotihuacan
C. major trade center
D. manufacturing center
Q:
Excavation of the rural site of __________have produced insight into provincial life under the Aztecs.
a. Cusco
b. Cuexcomate
c. Texcoco
d. Tlapocn
Q:
It is generally accepted that the practice of displaying skulls began in the Northwest Frontier because:
A. the Aztecs reported this fact to their Spanish conquerors
B. emissaries from Teotihuacan observed the skull racks in that region
C. written records confirm it
D. the earliest remains of skull racks have been recovered from this region
Q:
Aztec agriculture depended on artificial islands of raised beds called __________.
a. khipu
b. chinampas
c. pagos
d. panaqa
Q:
An architectural feature common at Northwest Frontier sites during the Late Classic/Epiclassic is:
A. the Chenes style
B. colonnaded halls
C. talud-tableros
D. roof combs
Q:
Which city was part of the alliance that formed the basis of Aztec expansion?
a. Teotihuacn
b. Cusco
c. Texcoco
d. Aztln
Q:
Two well-known Late Classic/Epiclassic sites on the Northwestern Frontier are:
A. Alta Vista and Teotihuacan
B. Teotihuacan and La Quemada
C. La Quemada and Alta Vista
D. Alta Vista and El Tajn
Q:
The mythical homeland of the Aztecs is known as __________.
a. La Tisa
b. Otumba
c. Teotihuacn
d. Aztln
Q:
We can identify Coyotlatelco pottery by its:
A. olive-colored vessels with red designs
B. red-colored vessels with buff designs
C. buff-colored vessels with olive designs
D. buff-colored vessels with red designs
Q:
What was the capital of the Toltec Empire?
a. Monte Albn
b. La Tisa
c. Tula
d. Teotihuacn
Q:
During the early part of the Late Classic, Teotihuacan:
A. was still an important city, with tens of thousands of people living around it
B. increased trade and diplomacy with contemporary centers throughout Mesoamerica
C. morphed into an important pilgrimage site devoid of a resident population
D. competed with the lowland Maya to dominate Mesoamerica
Q:
A major source of information on Aztec history and culture was compiled by Friar Bernardo de Sahagn in the __________.
a. Florentine Codex
b. Historia de las Indias
c. Conquistador Codex
d. Orbo Nueva
Q:
Analysis of Mesoamerica's "Feathered Serpent" motifs shows that they:
A. were invented by the Aztecs during the Postclassic
B. represent a being that transcends Mesoamerican culture through time and space
C. are identified early in Mesoamerican prehistory at Archaic Period sites where they portray a war god
D. are confined to the Southern Maya Lowlands during the Classic Period when population was at its peak
Q:
What was the largest prehistoric city in the Americas and capital of the Aztec Empire?
a. Tenochtitln
b. Teotihuacn
c. Aztln
d. Cuzco
Q:
Which statement best represents the state of tourism at archaeological sites?
a. It destroys sites and should not be allowed.
b. It is predominantly run through indigenous community leadership.
c. It can be used for political gain.
d. Tourism takes precedence over archaeological research at most sites.
Q:
The many culture traits associated with western Mesoamerica's Late Classic/Epiclassic period originated:
A. in the southern Maya lowlands
B. in the Northern Arid Zone
C. at Teotihuacan
D. The exact origin and diffusion have not been determined.
Q:
The collapse of the Maya cities was partially due to __________.
a. slavery
b. ecological degradation
c. population decline
d. conquest
Q:
The evidence that we have for the existence of professional merchants in western Mesoamerica during the Late Classic/Epiclassic is:
A. maps both made and used by such merchants
B. the large market plazas at many sites
C. the merchants' records that have been discovered
D. stelae picturing kings as merchants
Q:
This artifact, found in downtown Mexico City, depicted a central event in Aztec mythology.a. the Toltec skull maskb. the altar of sacrificec. the Coyolxauhqui sculptured. Tlaloc's column
Q:
Contemporary archaeologists define western Mesoamerica's Epiclassic period as militaristic because:
A. numerous bodies of soldiers have been found at several sites across the region
B. hieroglyphs record the details of ongoing conflicts between centers
C. several types of indirect evidence support this reconstruction
D. chacmools were found at many sites
Q:
__________ is a geophysical method of remote sensing.
a. Dendrochronology
b. Ground-penetrating radar
c. Multi-spectral satellite imagery
d. Aerial photography
Q:
The statue type found at Chichn Itz that portrays a reclining male figure with his head turned is known as:
A. Tlaloc
B. a stela
C. a crested serpent
D. a chacmool
Q:
The site of __________ was burned and abandoned as the result of a military attack at the end of the Classic Period.
a. Bonampak
b. Dos Pilas
c. Yaxchiln
d. Aguateca
Q:
The widespread Mesoamerican cult that thrived from ad 600 to 1000/1100 emphasized:
A. provincialism and reflection
B. militarism and human sacrifice
C. decadence and exploitation
D. isolation and religion
Q:
MATCHING 21) Muwaan Mat2) Lady Sak K"uk"3) Lady K"ab "al Xook4) Lady Yohl Ik"nal5) Princess of PalenqueA. Married to the king of CopnB. Palenque ruler from ad 583 to 604C. Mythical dynastic placeholder in Palenque king listD. "Lady Shark," the Queen of Yaxchilan and influential wife of Shield JaguarE. "Lady Beastie," mother of Palenque's ruler, Pakal I
Q:
The first king of Copn may have had links to __________.
a. Teotihuacn
b. Tikal
c. Aguateca
d. Monte Albn
Q:
MATCHING 1
1) Palenque
2) Tikal
3) Calakmul
4) Copn
5) Bonampak
A. Largest lowland Maya site of the Classic period
B. Capital of "18-Rabbit," a ruler decapitated by his rival polity, Quirigua
C. Location of Structure 1, whose murals portray the life of the Maya elite
D. Site that split into two factions around ad 650
E. Houses the grand tomb of Pakal I
Q:
Which of these was among the agricultural methods used by the Maya?
a. slash and burn cultivation
b. mountain terrace farming
c. plows pulled by animals
d. three-field rotation
Q:
The most widely traded ware in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica was plumbate pottery. It was manufactured:
A. along the Pacific Coast
B. at Teotihuacan
C. in Tikal
D. at Calakmul
Q:
Maya sites are often located near __________, which were critical water sources.
a. marshlands
b. piscinas
c. estuaries
d. cenotes
Q:
During the Late Classic, societies in southeastern Mesoamerica and the Intermediate Area:
A. were isolated from events in the Maya region
B. flourished and were in contact with other areas of Mesoamerica
C. declined as the Maya rose to prominence
D. were dominated by the Mesoamerican cultures who reigned over them
Q:
The Pyramid of the Sun can be found at what site?
a. Teotihuacn
b. Copn
c. Tikal
d. Tenochtitln
Q:
At the end of the Classic period, the northern Yucatn Maya:
A. collapsed around the same time as the Petn Maya
B. moved south to occupy lands abandoned by the Petn Maya
C. flourished and created a distinctive architectural style
D. joined forces with Teotihuacan to dominate trade routes
Q:
What is the oldest city in Mesoamerica?
a. Monte Albn
b. Teotihuacn
c. La Venta
d. Aguateca
Q:
The "collapse" of the Classic Maya at Copn:
A. was an extended process, which took place over a few hundred years
B. was a cataclysmic event that occurred when the city was ransacked
C. occurred in ad 822, as recorded on the last written monument
D. happened when the commoners fled, leaving the elites to fend for themselves
Q:
The earliest evidence of emerging political complexity in Mesoamerica is found on ________ sites.
a. Maya
b. Toltec
c. Aztec
d. Olmec
Q:
A settlement survey conducted at Copn estimates that _______ people lived in the polity during its peak.
A. 5,000
B. 15,000
C. 25,000
D. 250,000
Q:
What unique burial monuments appeared in Japan around 200 A.D.?a. keyhole shaped tombsb. bronze urnsc. granite headstonesd. slender obelisks
Q:
Which of these was an important feature for establishing the power of rulers in early Chinese states?a. religionb. ritualc. artworkd. warfare
Q:
A possible second capital of the Shang dynasty was __________.a. Banpob. Beijingc. Sanxingduid. Pengtoushan
Q:
It is estimated that the percentage of Late Classic Maya who were not members of the upper class was:
A. 10 percent
B. 45 percent
C. 80 percent
D. 90 percent
Q:
What is the capital of the Late Shang dynasty and China's oldest city?a. Xiab. Banpoc. Anyangd. Beijing
Q:
A comparison of the construction costs for Teotihuacan's Pyramid of the Sun and Palenque's Temple of Inscriptions reveals that:
A. in both cases, assistance from other polities would have been necessary to complete the monuments
B. the Pyramid of the Sun required far greater resources than the Temple of Inscriptions
C. Palenque's monument was costlier than Teotihuacan's pyramid
D. despite the size difference between the two pyramids, each required similar amounts of labor
Q:
A four tier hierarchy system was inferred for the __________.a. Yi Lou Valleyb. Knossos regionc. Chifeng aread. entire Harappan area
Q:
Estimates of construction costs for monumental Mesoamerican buildings:
A. indicate that an enormous workforce would have been needed to complete the large structures
B. take into consideration the fact that almost all buildings were constructed in one episode over a short time span
C. have to factor in the fact that most building materials came from long distances
D. reveal that fairly simple technology and a modest workforce could accomplish the task
Q:
Which of these is an early Chinese dynasty that dates to between 2,000 B.C. and 500 B.C.?a. Mingb. Zhouc. Qingd. Tang
Q:
The end of Classic Maya Copn is marked by:
A. the burning of the ruler's palace
B. an unfinished altar, dated to ad 822
C. demographic decline
D. All of the above.
Q:
What is the most impressive evidence of royalty in Harappan society?a. the massive palace at Harappab. a small steatite sculpture of a"priest-king"from Mohenjo-Daroc. the"granary"at Menrgarhd. the lavishly furnished royal tomb at Mohenjo-Daro
Q:
Copn's 16th ruler, Yax Pasaj, most likely commissioned Altar Q to:
A. showcase his expertise in Mayan hieroglyphic writing
B. celebrate his Palenque heritage
C. create the longest Mayan text of the Classic period
D. honor the Copn dynasty and legitimize his rule
Q:
Almost all Classic Maya inscriptions ceased between:
A. ad 600 and 700
B. ad 700 and 800
C. ad 800 and 900
D. ad 900 and 1000