Q&A Hero

Q: What were the three major regions where plants were indigenously domesticated in Africa?

Q: The site of Huitzilapa illustrates: A. that this area of Mesoamerica was totally isolated B. complexity as early as the Middle Formative C. how farmers raised crops in dry environments D. lifestyles outside of the Mesoamerican culture area

Q: Millet, not rice, was the main early domesticate in northern China around the Yellow River Valley.

Q: The Teuchitln tradition is unique in that it features _____, not seen in other Mesoamerican cultural traditions. A. pyramids B. ball courts C. circle complexes D. figurines

Q: The peak in construction of monumental shaft tombs in West Mexico: A. coincides with the region's highest population levels B. is simultaneous with the peak in development of monumental circles and ball courts C. correlates with very low population levels in the region D. occurred during the Terminal Formative

Q: The earliest evidence for maize domestication in Mesoamerica has been found in the Mexican state of: A. Guerrero B. Oaxaca C. Morelos D. Puebla

Q: The Jomon were a Japanese agricultural society with elaborate pottery.

Q: Archaeology in Guerrero, Mexico: A. has uncovered the most well-known sites in all Mesoamerica B. has been extremely limited and virtually nothing is known of this area C. has been hampered by the region's geophysical features D. is easy to conduct owing to the flat terrain of this area

Q: On the Andean coast, settled villages preceded the adoption of agriculture.

Q: Llamas and alpacas were domesticated in the lowland tropical forest region east of the Andes.

Q: El Nio is a severe reversal of the Humboldt current which has been brought about by recent industrial development resulting in a degraded environment.

Q: Archaeologists infer that Cuetlajuchitln was a Terminal Formative trading center in Guerrero from: A. the drainage ditches at the site B. some materials and artifacts that came from other parts of Mexico C. the plan of the site, which was built on a grid system D. the recovery of residential and ceremonial areas at the site

Q: The Humboldt Current accounts for the remarkable wealth of marine resources along the Andean coast.

Q: Similarities in the architecture of San Jos Mogote and Monte Albn indicate that: A. San Jos Mogote had conquered Monte Albn B. both sites were ruled by a larger and more important site C. Monte Albn controlled San Jos Mogote D. Monte Albn was built before San Jos Mogote

Q: The Pacific coastal region of the Andes is tropical forest environment with abundant rainfall.

Q: By the end of the Formative period, Monte Albn was: A. the only site in the Valley of Oaxaca B. part of a five-tier settlement hierarchy C. the administrative center for the surrounding region D. the lowest ranked site in a three-tier settlement hierarchy

Q: Phytoliths are a type of pollen best preserved in freshwater lakes and ponds.

Q: Archaeologists consider ______ to be evidence for Monte Albn's expansion. A. increased warfare B. place glyphs C. higher population in the center D. a greater number of sites in the Valley of Oaxaca

Q: The Kuk Swamp site in highland New Guinea has produced early evidence of llama herding.

Q: The longest example of Mesoamerica's oldest glyph writing is found at: A. La Venta B. Cerro de las Mesas C. Tres Zapotes D. La Mojarra

Q: Sweet potatoes and pigs were both domesticated indigenously in New Guinea.

Q: Following its decline at the beginning of the Terminal Formative, Kaminaljuy was revitalized after interaction with: A. Monte Albn B. Teotihuacan C. Chalchuapa D. Tikal

Q: A _______ contributed to the decline of southeastern Mesoamerica after the Late Formative. A. flood B. hurricane C volcanic eruption D. foreign invasion

Q: As early as the Terminal Formative, the Maya constructed a ditch around the site of Becn, indicating the need for: A. drainage of the swampy area B. intensive agriculture C. defense D. mining

Q: In New Guinea, domestication focused on herd animals.

Q: Pastoral societies are sedentary societies with an economy based on horticulture.

Q: The earliest example found so far of Mayan writing was found on _______ dating to the end of the Terminal Formative at the site of Tikal. A. a decorated vessel B. a stela C. murals D. figurines

Q: During the Terminal Formative, centralized states were prominent at: A. Monte Albn and Monte Negro B. Cholula and Teotihuacan D. Teotihuacan and Chalchuapa D. Monte Albn and Teotihuacan

Q: Prior to 5,000 years ago, the Sahara Desert had more rainfall and was extensively occupied.

Q: MATCHING 2 1) Decorated serving vessels 2) Cranium remodeling 3) Potbelly sculptures 4) San Bartolo murals 5) "E" Group A. Expression of power B. Shared Maya ideology C. Creation of Maya cosmos D. Beauty ideal E. Hospitality

Q: In central Africa, two critical cerealsquinoa and sorghumwere domesticated.

Q: In Africa, pastoral societies based on domesticated animals developed without plant domestication.

Q: MATCHING 1 1) El Mirador 2) San Bartolo 3) Nakb 4) Edzn 5) Cerros A. Site of earliest-known Maya murals B. Oldest Maya capital city C. Civic-ceremonial center with canal on Chetumal Bay D. Site on the Yucatn Peninsula with 27 reservoirs and set of canals E. Early Maya site with "E-Group" complex

Q: Domesticates in the Yangtze and Huai River Valleys in southern China include __________. a. water buffalo b. camels c. millet d. rye

Q: El Mirador in the Maya lowlands of Guatemala is: A. the oldest-known Maya capital city B. well known for the earliest Maya murals C. best known for controlling highland obsidian sources D. the only Maya city to build an "E-Group"

Q: The large Chinese village site of Banpo belongs to the __________ culture. a. Jomon b. Yangshou c. Peiling d. Hemudu

Q: The Mayan word "sacbe": A. is used to refer to a particular arrangement of temple-pyramid B. means "white way" C. refers to low-lying swampy areas D. is translated as "ruler"

Q: __________ was a Japanese preagricultural society that lived in large villages and produced elaborate pottery. a. Jomon b. Longshan c. Yangshou d. Pentoushan

Q: What are the most significant plants domesticated in East Asia? a. rice and millet b. beans and rice c. quinoa and wheat d. sweet potatoes and quinoa

Q: _________ refers to an ecological event causing a massive decline in marine resources along the Andean coast. a. Global warming b. El Nio c. Tsunami d. La Pinta

Q: The significance of the lowland Maya "E-Group" complex is that: A. all Maya architecture is built in a similar fashion B. it was the earliest temple-pyramid complex in Mesoamerica C. it represented a unique pattern of building not seen at any other sites in Mesoamerica D. it suggests a shared ideology among Maya elites

Q: The Chicanel phase (300 bc"ad 300) of _____ was a period of time when ______. A. central Mexico / elite enterprises increased B. the Maya lowlands / elite enterprises increased C. the Maya lowlands / maximum population densities for the region were recorded D. central Mexico / maximum population densities for the region were recorded

Q: What Andean period corresponds with the appearance of monumental architecture and the absence of pottery? a. Prepottery Neolithic B b. Moche c. Archaic d. Cotton Preceramic

Q: Potbelly sculptures, stelae, and frog-shaped altars can be primarily found in _____. A. the Pacific coastal plain B. the Maya lowlands C. the Gulf lowlands D. Cuicatln Caada

Q: __________ is a preagricultural village on the coast of Peru, which provides a vivid demonstration of the importance of marine resources to early village communities. a. Humboldt b. Paloma c. Quechua d. Cusco

Q: The largest Late Formative site along the coastal Chiapas plain was: A. Izapa B. Takalik Abaj C. Monte Alto D. Sin Cabezas

Q: A(n) __________ is a domesticated camelid. a. manioc b. alpaca c. quinoa d. guinea pig

Q: The Chiapas coast is one of the best areas for growing _____ in Mesoamerica. A. maize B. maguey C. cacao D. manioc

Q: AMS dates of beans at Guitarrero Cave indicate that they were domesticated __________. a. at the same time as llamas b. 10,000 years ago c. 4, 300 years ago d. well after highland cities had been established

Q: The beginning point of the Long Count corresponds to _____ in the Gregorian calendar. A. December 9, 36 bc B. ad 1 C. December 22, 2012 bc D. August 13, 3114 bc

Q: __________ are patches nurtured by mist from coastal fog in which dense vegetation grows. a. Sunis b. Punas c. Llomas d. Yungas

Q: When a math system, such as the one employed by the Maya, is based on units of 20, it is called: A. decimal B. tricimal C. vigesimal D. double decimal

Q: __________ accounts for the remarkable wealth of marine resources along the Andean coast. a. El Nio b. The Humboldt Current c. The Gulf Stream d. The Pacific Current

Q: Place the following units in order of increasing amount: A. tun, baktun, katun B. katun, baktun, tun C. tun, katun, baktun D. baktun, katun, tun

Q: The absolute dating system used by Mesoamericans to anchor each date in successive order from a starting point is called the: A. Calendar Round B. solar year C. Divinatory Almanac D. Long Count

Q: Andean indigenous domesticates include ___________. a. quinoa b. turkeys c. dogs d. squash

Q: Silica structures that build up along plant cell walls are called __________. a. pollen casts b. ecoliths c. phytoliths d. starch grains

Q: The Calendar Round: A. was used by early cultures, such as the Olmecs, but not by later peoples of Mesoamerica B. refers to the meshing of the divinatory almanac with the solar calendar C. consists of a 100-year cycle D. is another name for the Long Count

Q: The oldest Mesoamerican Long Count dates and hieroglyphic writing come from the: A. Maya lowlands B. Oaxaca Valley C. Isthmian region D. Basin of Mexico

Q: What evidence for agriculture was found at the Kuk Swamp site in New Guinea? a. the ancient field system (canals and mounds) b. post holes indicating garden boundaries c. preserved seeds of domestic crops d. written record of planting schedules

Q: By _____, the entire Oaxaca Valley was under the control of _____. A. ad 100 / Cuicatln Caada B. 100 bc / Yucuita C. ad 250 / Monte Albn D. 100 bc / Monte Albn

Q: Genetic research indicates that this plant species was domesticated in New Guinea. a. millet b. potatoes c. yams d. maize

Q: An example of a Late Formative hilltop center in Oaxaca is: A. Ro Viejo B. Monte Negro C. Izapa D. Tikal

Q: What was the earliest domesticated crop in Africa? a. yams b. quinoa c. taro d. millet

Q: In the Nochixtln Valley of the Mixteca Alta in Oaxaca, the most important Late Formative community was: A. Yucuita B. Llano Perdido C. Ro Viejo D. Tehuacan

Q: Pastoral societies have an economy based on __________. a. fishing b. herding c. hunting and gathering d. horticulture

Q: The spectacular preservation at this preagricultural site in the Sahara produced many organic items, including a layer of preserved animal dung. a. Nabta Playa b. Uan Afuda c. Wanlek d. Kuk Swamp

Q: Late Formative settlement in the Puebla region: A. continued as in previous periods B. encompassed growth and intensification of agriculture C. depended on foraging in this dry environment D. lost almost all of its population to the city of Teotihuacan

Q: One of the most complete pictures of a hunter-gatherer village in North Africa comes from the North African site of __________. a. Akhreijit b. Uan Afuda c. Dhar Tichit d. Nabta Playa

Q: Cosmetic alterations in Mesoamerica: A. originated during the Spanish conquest B. were the exclusive purview of elite members of society C. may be preserved on human skeletal remains D. are known to have been practiced in ancient times because of written records

Q: Indigenously domesticated plants are found in this region of Africa. a. Ethiopia and Eritrea in the northeast b. southern African c. tropical East Africa d. desert of the northwest

Q: The Chupcuaro people lived: A. in the Basin of Mexico B. along the Lerma River in western Mexico C. in the Maya lowlands D. among the Mixtec and Zapotec peoples of Oaxaca

Q: How did the adoption of maize farming vary across America?

Q: The Chupcuaro culture is best known for its: A. drained field agriculture B. portrayals of Huehueteotl C. decorated pottery and figurines D. circular temples

Q: Teotihuacanos were able to intensify agriculture by: A. constructing irrigation canals and using drained fields B. increasing rainfall amounts by seeding clouds C. importing foods from distant lands D. inventing new tools to farm the land

Q: How does Prentice introduce the concept of agency into the process of plant domestication?

Q: A major deity revered at Teotihuacan was the: A. Storm God B. Fire God C. Death God D. Corn God

Q: How has isotope analysis helped archaeologists to understand past diet, especially in regards to the adoption of maize?

Q: Describe the Adena and Hopewell cultures.

Q: A major environmental concern for the inhabitants of Teotihuacan was: A. volcanic activity B. the water supply C. flooding D. forest fire