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Architecture
Q:
At S. Peter's, Bernini did all of the following EXCEPT:
A) begin construction of two bell towers.
B) add the giant forecourt colonnade.
C) decorate the interior.
D) build the dome.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The plan of S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, Rome, consists of:
A) an undulating oval.
B) a six-pointed star.
C) a circle.
D) based on that of Il Ges.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Piazza Navona was originally:
A) the ancient Roman Stadium of Domitian.
B) the ancient Roman Forum of Nerva.
C) the site of a lake in front of Nero's Golden House.
D) a botanical garden near the Palace of Augustus.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Francesco Borromini was involved in the design of all of the following buildings EXCEPT:
A) S. Agnese.
B) S. Ivo.
C) S. Maria della Pace.
D) S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
All of the following are part of the Piazza del Popolo EXCEPT:
A) identical domed churches.
B) a central obelisk.
C) an oval plan.
D) a set of viewing terraces.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The dome of Guarino Guarini's Sindone Chapel makes use of:
A) ribs like those seen in Moorish Spain.
B) a telescoping, layered vault of rotated polygons.
C) wall pillars.
D) a wooden superstructure covered with stucco.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Karlskirche in Vienna included historical elements incorporated from all of the following EXCEPT:
A) S. Agnese in the Piazza Navonna.
B) the Pantheon in Rome.
C) Trajan's Column.
D) Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.
E) None of the answers are correct.
Q:
Inigo Jones's Banqueting House at Whitehall in London is:
A) influenced by the designs in Andrea Palladio's Four Books of Architecture.
B) an example of the English emphasis on the use of triumphal-arch forms.
C) based on Donato Bramante's banqueting hall that overlooks the Belvedere Court in Rome.
D) a classicization of the traditional, medieval English Great Hall.
E) an example of the English emphasis on the surface texture of the stone faade.
Q:
A prominent feature of Donato Bramante's House of Raphael was:
A) a rusticated base.
B) a columned piano nobile.
C) an arcaded ground floor.
D) that it followed the model of the ancient Roman insula or apartment house.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The design of the Villa Madama was inspired by:
A) Bramante's House of Raphael.
B) the villa of Pliny the Elder.
C) the Villa Medici in Fiesole.
D) the Roman villa rustica.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Palazzo del Tѐ, Mantua, was designed for:
A) Lorenzo di Medici.
B) Federico Gonzaga.
C) Cardinal Giulio d Medici.
D) Federigo da Montefeltro.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Michelangelo's Laurentian Library is part of the complex that includes:
A) the Uffizzi in Florence.
B) S. Lorenzo in Florence.
C) the Ducal Palace in Urbino.
D) S. Giorgio Maggiore in Venice.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
All of the following are part of Michelangelo's Campidoglio design EXCEPT:
A) the Palace of the Senators.
B) a trapezoidal piazza.
C) a circular temple.
D) an equestrian statue.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The Sforza Chapel in Rome is found in the church of:
A) S. Maria Maggiore.
B) St. Peter's.
C) S. Lorenzo.
D) S. Maria in Aracoeli.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Andrea Palladio's villa designs include all of the following EXCEPT the Villa:
A) Rotonda.
B) Barbaro.
C) Foscari.
D) Trissino.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The false-perspective stage-set of the Teatro Olimpico was designed by:
A) Vincenzo Scamozzi.
B) Andrea Palladio.
C) Jacopo Sansovino.
D) Michele Sanmichele.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
A sense of security is given to Jacopo Sansovino's La Zecca by means of:
A) cyclopean masonry.
B) massive iron gates.
C) heavy rustication, including at the columns.
D) enormous crenelated towers.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
In Italian Renaissance gardens, an alle and a bosco are:
A) a paved path and a pool of water, respectively.
B) a shaft of space and a dense planting of trees, respectively.
C) a fish pond and elaborately pruned shrubs, respectively.
D) a grid of trees and a circular open space, respectively.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
To the rear of the Chteau, Chenonceau, there is:
A) a fortified tower and a campanile.
B) a bridge, which later became the base for a grand dining hall.
C) a royal hunting estate, which later was turned into a royal garden.
D) a huge, glazed salon overlooking garden parterres.
E) a grid of trees and a circular open space.
Q:
The first two architects to rebuild the medieval Louvre Palace were:
A) Phillibert de l'Orme and Jean Bullant.
B) Leonardo da Vinci and Pierre Lescot.
C) Jacques Lemercier and Jean Bullant.
D) Pierre Lescot and Jacques Lemercier.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Place des Vosges is:
A) surrounded by gardens that act as a barrier between it and urban residences.
B) surrounded by regularized residential faades, connected by a continuous ground-level arcade.
C) a court fronted by multiple churches.
D) a square with a bi-level arcade and tall, central pavilions at each side.
E) built in a distinctively French manner of pairs surmounted by pavilion roofs.
Q:
The architect of Wollaton Hall was:
A) Sebastian Serlio.
B) Andrea Palladio.
C) Inigo Jones.
D) Robert Smythson.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Inigo Jones learned about Andrea Palladio's work by:
A) studying with Italian architects who had come to England to work for the Crown.
B) traveling to Italy with a copy of the Four Books of Architecture.
C) writing his own version of the Four Books of Architecture.
D) assembling a huge library of Italian architectural publications.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Donato Bramante's Belvedere Court was:
A) planned for the space in front of St. Peter's.
B) based on the design of the Canopus at Hadrian's Villa.
C) a great exterior space adjacent to St. Peter's.
D) designed as a garden for the Roman mayor.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The medieval inspiration for Brunelleschi's Florence Cathedral dome is revealed by its:
A) concealed flying buttresses.
B) pointed-arch profile.
C) exposed ribs.
D) Gothic ornamentation.
E) Corinthian columns.
Q:
The church of S. Spirito in Florence illustrates Brunelleschi's use of:
A) the ideal Renaissance central plan.
B) groin vaults.
C) the system of modular planning.
D) the ancient Roman system of measurement.
E) Gothic forms.
Q:
To frame, or set off, architectural elements on the Pazzi Chapel's interior, Brunelleschi used:
A) marbleized plaster.
B) gray pietra serena.
C) polychromatic mosaic tiles.
D) carrara marble.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
To give his Medici Palace in Florence a fortified appearance, Michelozzo used:
A) a moat.
B) crenelations.
C) corner turrets.
D) rustication.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Leon Battista Alberti's Della pittura was dedicated to:
A) Luca della Robbia.
B) Ghiberti.
C) Masaccio.
D) Donatello.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Alberti modeled his De re aedificatoria, or On Building, on:
A) Vitruvius's The Ten Books of Architecture.
B) his close study of classical ruins in Florence.
C) an unfinished treatise by Brunelleschi.
D) Pliny the Elder's On Architecture.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
At the Rucellai Palace faade, Alberti used:
A) the nearby Medici Palace as a model.
B) twin cortile, or courtyards.
C) Brunelleschi as a consultant.
D) superimposed Doric and Corinthian orders.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The small book titled The Prince was written by:
A) Brunelleschi.
B) Machiavelli.
C) Alberti.
D) Lorenzo di Medici.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The plan for Alberti's church of S. Andrea in Mantua was that of:
A) the Pantheon.
B) the ancient Roman Basilica of Constantine.
C) the Maison Carr.
D) St. Peter's.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The faade of Alberti's church of S. Maria Novella:
A) is capped by a Gothic form.
B) became a prototype repeated by Renaissance designers.
C) includes scrolls that display the shed roofs of the side aisles.
D) is dominated geometrically by the use of the circle.
E) has a four-story central bay.
Q:
The faade design of the church of S. Francesco in Rimini is based on:
A) Old. St. Peter's.
B) S. Maria Novella in Florence.
C) the Pantheon.
D) the nearby Roman Arch of Augustus.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Based on evidence in his sketchbooks, the principal architectural problem that concerned Leonardo da Vinci, like it did the Renaissance designers, was the:
A) mixture used by the ancient Romans to make concrete.
B) system of ancient Roman vaulting.
C) central-plan church.
D) urban palazzo.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The distinctive feature of Donato Bramante's S. Maria presso S. Satiro is the:
A) use of superimposed orders.
B) recreation of vaulting like that in an ancient Roman basilica.
C) inclusion of an aedicule like that in Old St. Peter's.
D) illusionistic manipulation of the chancel wall.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Donato Bramante's plan for Tempietto was intended to:
A) be at the center of the ancient Forum Romanum.
B) have a circular temple into a circular cloister.
C) be in the forecourt at St. Peter's.
D) have a two-story cylinder capped by a hemispherical dome.
E) have a tomb at its western end.
Q:
Inca cyclopean stone masonry made use of:
A) small crushed stones as mortar.
B) crushed hemp as mortar.
C) no mortar.
D) a mortar made from river sand imported from the Atlantic coast.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Masaccio's The Trinity:
A) demonstrates Brunelleschi's method of linear perspective.
B) depicts the ideal Renaissance central-plan church.
C) depicts the Father, Son, and Holy spirit.
D) demonstrates the Renaissance technique of sfumato.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
A Libyan qasr is a:
A) small mosque.
B) steep-walled tent.
C) storage fortress.
D) type of indigenous courtyard house.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Brunelleschi set off for Rome after losing a competition to design a new set of bronze doors for the baptistery of Florence Cathedral to:
A) Masaccio.
B) Donatello.
C) Leonardo da Vinci.
D) Ghiberti.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
A Dogon village toguna is a:
A) meeting house.
B) family shrine.
C) cooking pit.
D) cylindrical storage shed.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
King Lalibela's St. George's Church is distinctive:
A) for its pointed spires covered with adobe.
B) for its vast size.
C) for having been built by immigrant Egyptian stonemasons.
D) for having been carved from live rock.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Great Mosque in Djenn in Mali is distinctive for its:
A) magnificent iwans that were carved out of live rock rather than enclosed by quarried stones.
B) twin adobe-covered minarets mottled with white and terracotta-colored pigments.
C) sandstone gateway carved with geometric ornament.
D) prominently projecting, horizontal, wooden members that cast dramatic shadows.
E) "ancestral pillars" shaped like attenuated pyramids.
Q:
Which of the following is true about the features of the architecture used by the Incas in Machu Picchu?
A) The houses were notable for their adobe construction.
B) The houses were notable for their tall end-wall gables and trapezoidal openings.
C) Many of the houses had two closed sides and a pier or piers on two sides.
D) Many of the houses used sandstone masonry for walls and adobe over small timbers for roofs.
E) The houses were developed in a party-wall fashion and arranged around irregular plazas.
Q:
The Inca Empire controlled:
A) Bolivia.
B) Peru.
C) Ecuador.
D) Columbia.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Which of the following is true about the architecture of the Nazca on the Peruvian South Coast?
A) The Nazca's ceremonial-center monuments are most impressive for their monumentally scaled, ashlar sandstone and feldspar masonry.
B) Nazca glyph-makers exposed the lighter-colored sediment beneath the upper desert strata of rusted metallic particles.
C) The Nazca's most distinctive architectural features are ciudadelas, or large palace compounds.
D) The Nazca's ceremonial center's U-shaped plan consisted of a granite-veneered stepped pyramid.
E) The Nazca's largest construction is the castillo, or castle, built in two stages and faced with polished sandstone.
Q:
The king of the Aztecs when Hernn Corts appeared with his small army was:
A) Huitzilopochtli.
B) Pacal.
C) Moctezuma.
D) Quetzalcatl.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The talud and tablero were the:
A) dual aspects of the Maya god Tlaloc.
B) interlocking Mayan calendars.
C) Mayan names for summer and winter.
D) Mayan names for Venus and Mars.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Palenque's Temple of the Inscriptions, which sits atop a pyramid, is unusual for having:
A) a moat around it.
B) a circular observatory atop it.
C) an interior tomb below it at the level of the pyramid's first stage.
D) an interior skull rack.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Compare the Native American architecture of the Great Plains with that of the Southeast and the Southwest.
Q:
Compare the planning of Monte Albn with that of Teotihucan.
Q:
Discuss the features of the architecture that was prevalent during the rule of the Inca Empire.
Q:
Discuss the effects of materials and construction methods on the mosque designs of the Great Mosque in Mali and the Bobo-Dioulasso Mosque in Burkina Faso.
Q:
The Vitruvian Man is:
A) an ideal ancient Roman man.
B) a man's figure inscribed inside a circle and a square.
C) an ideal Renaissance citizen.
D) a man's figure seen in dramatic perspective.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Ely Cathedral's lantern is unusual in being:
A) built of stone taken from the same quarries as the Stonehenge monoliths.
B) the work of immigrant French masons.
C) built of wood.
D) a Renaissance period replacement of the original.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The exceptional fan vaults at King's College, Cambridge, were designed by:
A) William Hurley.
B) John Wastell.
C) William of Sens.
D) William the Englishman.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Native American tribes of the Southwest included all of the following EXCEPT the:
A) Pima.
B) Navajo.
C) Nez Perce.
D) Papago.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The exhibition of excavated skeletal remains at Moundville in Alabama:
A) has been recently expanded to include materials from the period of Spanish exploration.
B) has been closed because the exhibits were considered societally intrusive.
C) contains dinosaur bones mixed in with human ones.
D) has been recently compromised by flooding from the Warrior River.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The snow-block walls of iglu construction are:
A) an example of corbelling.
B) comparable to Byzantine dome construction.
C) canted inward to create a stable domical profile.
D) unstable during the period of summer thawing.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Nez Perce pit houses included:
A) timber frames.
B) an entrance from above.
C) coverings of pine needles, reed or grass mats, and earth.
D) earthen walls for insulation.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
A sipapu in Pueblo architecture refers to:
A) a sunken, circular pit.
B) an arrangement of semicircular terraces.
C) an unlit, lower-lever room for storage.
D) a ceremonial opening to the world below.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The La Venta site in Tabasco included:
A) earthen platforms and walled enclosures around a series of courts.
B) a conical earth mound and stepped pyramid that stand at the opposite ends of an axis defined by earthen platforms and walled enclosures.
C) pyramids inside a giant court surrounded by earthen platforms and walled enclosures.
D) a cross-axial plan with pyramids at the ends of all axes.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The earliest sophisticated culture in Mexico was that of the:
A) Maya.
B) Zapotecs.
C) Toltecs.
D) Olmecs.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The sloping walls of Pre-Columbian ball courts were:
A) a part of the playing field.
B) used for bleacher-like seating.
C) a part of the drainage system.
D) once covered with polychromatic fresco paintings.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Teotihuacn's Pyramid of the Sun is made of:
A) sun-dried brick covered with a stone veneer.
B) earth covered with a stone veneer.
C) sun-dried brick covered with glazed bricks.
D) earth covered with glazed bricks.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Decorated style:
A) includes tierceron and lierne ribs.
B) is sometimes divided into geometric and curvilinear patterns.
C) includes ribs that do not rise from a pier colonnette and are not ridge ribs.
D) includes trefoil and quatrefoil.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Maya astronomers made use of:
A) the wheel.
B) a twenty-six-letter alphabet.
C) zero.
D) a form of algebra.
E) zero and a form of algebra.
Q:
The English Gothic religious building with a plan based on Cistercian planning is:
A) King's College Chapel at Cambridge.
B) the Salisbury Cathedral cloister.
C) Canterbury Cathedral.
D) Salisbury Cathedral.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Stelae are:
A) slabs placed atop graves.
B) sculpted frieze panels.
C) upright slabs with inscriptions.
D) calendar stones.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
An unusual aspect of Salisbury Cathedral is that it:
A) shows strong Norman influence, even though it was built some distance from the French coast.
B) was built almost entirely in a homogenous style.
C) has no tall crossing tower.
D) was founded by Vikings who had been converted to Christianity.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
An extraordinary feature of the complete ensemble of Tikal's pyramids is:
A) the presence of royal residences inside them.
B) their verticality, especially when viewed as an urban unit.
C) their use as viewing platforms for rituals.
D) the presence of ritual chambers inside them.
E) their similarity with the Great Pyramid of Giza.
Q:
Lincoln Cathedral's choir vaults are called "crazy" because:
A) their rib pattern is asymmetrical.
B) their stonework has changed in color because of atmospheric conditions.
C) they were constructed by a mason known for his eccentricities.
D) they have repeatedly collapsed.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Aztecs believed Hernn Corts to be:
A) the god Quetzalcatl returned from a mythical journey.
B) the devil made incarnate.
C) a descendant of the rain god Chac sent to nourish the crops.
D) a messiah sent by ancestors to save their culture.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
A hammerbeam is a:
A) beam whose profile resembles a medieval hammer handle.
B) beam assembled using hammered wood pegs.
C) long beam similar to those used in medieval hammer forges.
D) short, horizontal member attached to the foot of a principal rafter.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Peruvian Huaca del Sol is:
A) an enormous earth mound.
B) a series of canals built for large-scale irrigation.
C) a temple dedicated to the fire god.
D) a group of adobe-covered platforms surrounding a huge court.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Discuss the Cistercian interpretation of the Gothic Style.
Q:
Discuss the features of the overlapping phases of English Gothic architecture.
Q:
The key elements of Gothic structures are the:
A) pointed arches, ordinary buttresses, and transverse arches.
B) pointed arches, rib vaults, and flying buttresses.
C) groin vaults, flying buttresses, and pendentives.
D) pointed arches, flches, and pendentives.
E) None of the answers is correct.