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Architecture
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris?
A) Direct light admitted into its nave by the original clerestories proved to be too bright for the space.
B) Clerestories all around the cathedral were shortened in about 1225.
C) Flying buttresses were removed from the choir to stabilize the great hemicycle.
D) In the late thirteenth century, chapels were inserted between all the buttresses around the choir and nave.
E) In the late thirteenth century, transepts with their simple round windows were added.
Q:
Notre-Dame Cathedral, Chartres, was rebuilt after:
A) a fire damaged the old Romanesque church.
B) the arrival of Abbot Suger.
C) the arrival of Villard de Honnecourt.
D) an earthquake damaged the choir vaults.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The cathedral of St. Etienne at Bourges has:
A) features similar to the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Chartres.
B) double aisles that flank the nave and continue in uninterrupted arcs around the choir.
C) wall buttresses linked together horizontally by iron tie-rods.
D) vaulting elaborated with extra ribs, called tierceron and lierne.
E) window tracery worked into trefoil (three-part) or quatrefoil (four-part) cusped shapes.
Q:
The Sainte-Chapelle in Paris was built:
A) to house relics brought back from Constantinople.
B) to accommodate Catholics on the le de la Cit.
C) to commemorate the ending of the Plague.
D) to commemorate the birth of a son to the Queen of France.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Rayonnant style tracery is characterized by:
A) brilliant yellow stained glass.
B) radiating lines.
C) a brightness compared in the thirteenth century to the sun's rays.
D) extreme verticality.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Perpendicular style is:
A) typified by panel tracery.
B) the most decidedly English Gothic style.
C) distinguished by fan vaulting.
D) most common in Northern Italy.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
An English castle might include a motte, which is a:
A) type of moat.
B) wooden palisade.
C) type of courtyard.
D) mound of earth.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
French bastides were:
A) fortified towns.
B) towns with moats.
C) new town foundations.
D) towns with cathedrals.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
In a Venetian palace like the Ca' d'Oro, the grand salon:
A) extends the full width of the house.
B) extends the full depth of the house.
C) covers the entire piano nobile.
D) surrounds a courtyard that provides illumination.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Discuss the origins of Gothic architecture as seen at the choir of St. Denis near Paris.
Q:
Compare the structural organization of Chartres Cathedral and St. Etienne Cathedral in Bourges.
Q:
Discuss the Cistercian interpretation of the Gothic Style.
Q:
Discuss the features of the overlapping phases of English Gothic architecture.
Q:
Compare the regional Romanesque styles in Aquitaine and Provence.
Q:
Discuss the planning of the Pilgrimage Road churches.
Q:
Compare the planning of the monastery of Cluny III to that of the abbey of Fontenay in Burgundy.
Q:
In a hall church, ________.
A) double aisles, or halls, flank the nave
B) a hall, or great room, serves as the narthex
C) the nave and aisles are virtually the same height
D) a banqueting hall for royalty is attached to the nave
E) None of the answers is correct
Q:
St. Barbara Church at Kutn Hora in the Czech Republic is:
A) built on the model of the Bourges Cathedral.
B) a copy of the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris.
C) the first monument of the High Gothic.
D) an extraordinary example of English Gothic.
E) an extraordinary example of Late Gothic.
Q:
Distinctive features of the church of S. Maria Novella are its:
A) polychrome vault ribs.
B) huge flying buttresses.
C) twin campaniles.
D) wood trusses covered with bronze.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The Gothic style was brought to Italy by:
A) masons from Bohemia.
B) the Cistercians.
C) the Benedictines.
D) the Master of Bourges.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
In sharp contrast to the Cluniacs, the Cistercians:
A) allowed luxurious features like towers, stained-glass windows, or paved floors.
B) produced an international set of buildings with strikingly diverse features.
C) had complex plans for monasteries based on a circular module.
D) shunned expensive materials and discouraged sculptural ornament.
E) built houses that were in close proximity to existing settlements.
Q:
A medieval manor house might include all of these EXCEPT a:
A) solar.
B) buttery or pantry.
C) hall.
D) keep.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The nave vaults at St. Cuthbert in Durham are:
A) septpartite.
B) quadripartite.
C) barrels with transverse ribs.
D) warped groins.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Like many Northern Italian medieval towns, S. Gimignano is distinctive for its:
A) many courtyards.
B) manor houses built by noblemen.
C) masonry towers built by families.
D) tall cisterns built by the commune.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Norman architecture made its way to England with the:
A) armies of William the Conqueror.
B) Cistercians.
C) Vikings.
D) Cluniacs.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Galilee Chapel at St. Cuthbert in Durham is attached to the:
A) eastern end of the cathedral.
B) western end of the cathedral.
C) south transept of the cathedral.
D) north transept of the cathedral.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The nave piers at St. Cuthbert in Durham are distinctive for having:
A) octagonal cross sections.
B) capitals displaying Viking ornamentation.
C) classically inspired capitals.
D) incised geometric designs.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Discuss Charlemagne's Palatine Chapel at Aachen as a merging of local, Lombard, and Byzantine building traditions.
Q:
Discuss the ideal monastic layout as represented in the Plan of St. Gall.
Q:
Discuss the features of the stave churches built by the Vikings.
Q:
Discuss the planning, vaulting, and detailing of Speyer Cathedral.
Q:
The Leaning Tower of Pisa is actually a:
A) lookout post.
B) tall city gate.
C) medievalized Roman monument.
D) campanile.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
All of the following are Pilgrimage Road churches EXCEPT:
A) St. Sernin, Toulouse.
B) St. James, Compostela.
C) Ste. Madeleine, Vzelay.
D) St. Foy, Conques.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The sculpted Mystic Mill capital at Vzelay represents:
A) flour grinding as a metaphor for the process of redemption.
B) the transformation of Old Testament vengefulness into New Testament redemption.
C) the transformation of Old Testament prophecies into New Testament teachings and blessings.
D) the miller's work as metaphor for Jesus's work on earth.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Sculpture in the west-front tympanum at St. Lazare in Autun depicts the:
A) Tree of Jesse.
B) Supper at Emmaus.
C) Last Judgment.
D) transfiguration.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
An atypical feature in Western medieval architecture that the Romanesque churches in Aquitaine have is:
A) churches with timber roofs.
B) a series of some seventy churches with domes.
C) a series of some seventy churches with high groin vaults.
D) churches with multiple cloister vaults.
E) churches with stained-glass windows and paved floors.
Q:
The Palatine Chapel at Aachen was modeled on:
A) S. Vitale in Ravenna.
B) Old St. Peter's.
C) Hagia Sophia.
D) St. Mark's in Venice.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Stereotomy is the art of:
A) acoustic design as understood in the Middle Ages.
B) stonecutting.
C) brick masonry.
D) depicting Biblical stories through stone sculpture.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
A distinctive feature of the Palatine Chapel is:
A) its westwerk.
B) its cloister vault.
C) its sixteen-sided perimeter aisle.
D) the use of polychrome masonry on the interior.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The faade design of the church of St. Gilles-du-Gard was based on:
A) a Roman triumphal arch.
B) peculiar local building traditions.
C) a well-known Ostrogoth model.
D) the Church of Old St. Peter's.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The design of the Abbey gatehouse at Lorsch was modeled on:
A) the Roman triumphal-arch form.
B) a typical Roman city gateway.
C) the fortified gateways of Constantinople.
D) the provincial gatehouses of the Byzantine Empire.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The plan of the Oratory of Germigny-des-Prs suggests a connection to:
A) Romanesque architecture.
B) Byzantine architecture.
C) Ostrogoth architecture.
D) Venetian architecture.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The Plan of St. Gall was developed for:
A) Charlemagne.
B) the Cluniac Order.
C) the Benedictine Order.
D) Pope Gregory I.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The oldest extant stave church is the church at:
A) Urnes, Norway.
B) Reykjavik, Iceland.
C) Borgund, Norway.
D) Greensted, England.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The monastery of ________ (1001-1026) in southwestern France survives as an example of the process by which monasticism spread, and its buildings illustrate architectural accomplishments of the early Romanesque period.
A) St. Foy at Conques
B) Cluny III
C) St. Michael at Hildesheim
D) St. Martin at Canigou
E) St. Gall
Q:
Charlemagne traveled to Rome in the year 800 to:
A) pray at Old St. Peters.
B) confront the Ostrogoths.
C) be crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
D) be baptized by the Pope.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The combination of corbel tables and pilaster strips is called:
A) long-and-short work.
B) Ostrogoth paneling.
C) stereotomy.
D) Lombard bands.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
A distinctive feature of Speyer Cathedral is:
A) its large scale.
B) its high groin vaults.
C) its multiple towers.
D) its transverse arch bands.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The faade of S. Miniato al Monte in Florence demonstrates:
A) Ostrogoth influence.
B) the lack of skill among masons after the fall of the Roman Empire.
C) a continuity with the Roman past.
D) Venetian influence.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Discuss the architectural components and spatial arrangements of a typical mosque.
Q:
Discuss the differences between the architectural styles of iwan mosques and multi-domed mosques.
Q:
Describe the influence of Islamic architecture on urban planning in Islamic societies.
Q:
In the context of Romanesque architecture, a tympanum refers to:
A) a spherical triangle that transforms a square bay into a circle for the springing of a dome.
B) a surface representing one-fourth of a sphere and often covering an apse.
C) the semicircular panel created under the arch of a doorway.
D) a large hall composed of many columns placed close together to support the roof.
E) the vault formed by two intersecting barrel vaults.
Q:
In his design for the Sehzade Mosque, Koca Sinan placed the haram:
A) under a large dome.
B) in a large open court.
C) between multiple lobed arches.
D) inside a large rectangular court.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Carolingian architecture is called so because of:
A) Charles Martel.
B) Gregory of Tours.
C) Pope Leo III.
D) Otto I.
E) Charlemagne.
Q:
The dome atop the Tomb of Ismail the Samanid in Bukhara sits on:
A) squinch arches.
B) pendentives.
C) multiple piers.
D) an arcade.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The plan of Isfahan is unusual among the plans of other Islamic cities in having:
A) a long, straight grand avenue.
B) double curving main streets following two rivers.
C) an upper and lower city, each with a rigid grid plan.
D) the Taj Mahal at its center.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
All of the following are part of a tradition Islamic house design EXCEPT:
A) earth-sheltered rooms.
B) roof terraces for summer sleeping.
C) interior courtyards.
D) screens covering projecting windows that overlook the street.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
In many traditional settlements located from North Africa to the Middle East, a bazaar is a:
A) strange form of Islamic bathing facility.
B) street linking merchants' stalls and small shops.
C) type of Islamic merchant caravan.
D) section in an Islamic city devoted to cafes.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Nasrid Dynasty in Spain was dislodged by:
A) Charles Martel.
B) King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.
C) the emperor Justinian at the head of Spanish armies.
D) Christopher Columbus before he made his famous voyage.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Which of the following is true about the Alhambra in Granada?
A) The Alhambra's exterior walls are made of white marble.
B) The Alhambra's interiors are quite plain.
C) The Comares Tower is present in the center of the Alhambra.
D) The Patio of Myrtle Trees is present in the center of the Alhambra.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The end of the Byzantine Empire came in 1453 at the hands of the:
A) Mongols.
B) Ottoman Turks.
C) Mughals.
D) Turkish Liberation Front.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
In Arabia, North Africa, and Spain, the most popular mosque form is:
A) iwan.
B) columnar or hypostyle.
C) domed, centrally planned.
D) domed, linear.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The Great Mosque of al-Mutawakkil in Samarra is notable for its:
A) spiral minaret.
B) minarets with tombs in their bases.
C) multiple octagonal minarets.
D) minarets made of stone imported from Africa.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Sehzade Mosque in Istanbul is modeled on:
A) Hagia Sophia.
B) the Dome of the Rock.
C) the Taj Mahal.
D) the Ka'ba.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The wall-facing material at the Taj Mahal is:
A) sandstone.
B) stucco.
C) ceramic tile.
D) white marble.
E) stucco or white marble.
Q:
Which of the following is true about the Taj Mahal?
A) It was built with an emphasis on trigonal symmetry.
B) It is raised on a square platform, the corners of which are marked by minarets.
C) It is covered by a dome formed by boldly interlacing arches.
D) It has a single domed chamber supported by four squinch arches.
E) It has small domes composed of interlaced arches in the bays to either side.
Q:
Koca Sinan designed all of the following EXCEPT the
A) Friday Mosque in Fatehpur Sikri.
B) Sehzade Mosque in Istanbul.
C) Mosque of Sleyman the Magnificent in Istanbul.
D) Selimiye Mosque in Edirne.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The church of Old St. Peter's in Rome was covered by a:
A) barrel vault.
B) series of domes.
C) wooden vault made to look like stone.
D) wood-truss roof.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
In the context of Islamic architecture, a caravanserai refers to:
A) a hospice for the infirm.
B) a mosque for traveling merchants.
C) accommodation and markets for foreign merchants.
D) training and school for young children.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
In the context of Early Christian architecture, a building erected to contain the tombs of important people was known as ________.
A) Mausolea
B) Campanile
C) Theotokos
D) Katholikon
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
In the context of Islamic architecture, a Klliye is a:
A) Muslim holy man.
B) type of tomb built for Turkish Pashas.
C) type of Muslim university.
D) vast complex with multiple functions adjacent to a mosque.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Discuss the features of Early Christian basilicas built during the time of Constantine.
Q:
Discuss the features of Hagia Sophia in terms of its planning and constructed elements.
Q:
Discuss the features of Russian wooden churches of the Byzantine period.
Q:
Islamic armies pressing east into France from Spain in 732 were repulsed by:
A) Visigoth kings.
B) Charles Martel.
C) Charlemagne.
D) Ostrogoth kings.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Islamic prayer is practiced at the level of the:
A) entire populace of a small city.
B) individual or small groups.
C) whole Muslim world.
D) neighborhood congregation.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Islam prescribes that ornamentation be aniconic, meaning:
A) traceable in form to the dreams of Mohammed.
B) symbolic or suggestive rather than literally representational.
C) traceable to patterns established at the Dome of the Rock.
D) based on animal forms.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is:
A) circular.
B) square.
C) cross-shaped.
D) octagonal.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
A famous goal of Islamic pilgrimage is the:
A) house of Mohammed in Medina.
B) Ka'ba in Mecca.
C) Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.
D) holy waters of the Bosporus in Constantinople.
E) None of the answers is correct.