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Biology & Life Science
Q:
The ______ body is used to package and ship components to other organelles and out of the cytoplasm.
Q:
Eukaryotic cells contain membrane bound ___________ in their cytoplasm.
Q:
A number of ____________ cover the rough ER.
Q:
vesicle
Q:
smooth ER
Q:
rough ER
Q:
ribosomes
Q:
plasma membrane
Q:
pair of centrioles
Q:
nucleus
Q:
nucleolus
Q:
nuclear envelope
Q:
mitochondrion
Q:
microtubules
Q:
microfilaments
Q:
lysosome
Q:
Golgi body
Q:
DNA + nucleoplasm
Q:
components of cytoskeleton
Q:
The following items are organelles found in animal cells. Respond to the statements below with reference to these organelles.a. ribosomeb. mitochondrionc. lysosomed. Golgi bodye. endoplasmic reticulumDNA synthesis occurs in the nucleus. Its breakdown can occur in this organelle.
Q:
The following items are organelles found in animal cells. Respond to the statements below with reference to these organelles.a. ribosomeb. mitochondrionc. lysosomed. Golgi bodye. endoplasmic reticulumSugar metabolism occurs in association with this organelle.
Q:
The following items are organelles found in animal cells. Respond to the statements below with reference to these organelles.a. ribosomeb. mitochondrionc. lysosomed. Golgi bodye. endoplasmic reticulumProteins are synthesized on this tiny, two-part organelle.
Q:
The following items are organelles found in animal cells. Respond to the statements below with reference to these organelles.a. ribosomeb. mitochondrionc. lysosomed. Golgi bodye. endoplasmic reticulumThis organelle is involved in lipid production and protein transport.
Q:
The following items are organelles found in animal cells. Respond to the statements below with reference to these organelles.a. ribosomeb. mitochondrionc. lysosomed. Golgi bodye. endoplasmic reticulumThe packaging of secretory proteins occurs in association with this structure.
Q:
The following items are organelles found in animal cells. Respond to the statements below with reference to these organelles.a. ribosomeb. mitochondrionc. lysosomed. Golgi bodye. endoplasmic reticulumRNA carries out the genetic code translation process in association with ribosomes on this organelle.
Q:
The following items are organelles found in animal cells. Respond to the statements below with reference to these organelles.a. ribosomeb. mitochondrionc. lysosomed. Golgi bodye. endoplasmic reticulumAerobic respiration occurs in this organelle.
Q:
The following items are organelles found in animal cells. Respond to the statements below with reference to these organelles.a. ribosomeb. mitochondrionc. lysosomed. Golgi bodye. endoplasmic reticulumThe cellular digestion and disposal of biological molecules occurs inside this organelle.
Q:
The following items are organelles found in animal cells. Respond to the statements below with reference to these organelles.a. ribosomeb. mitochondrionc. lysosomed. Golgi bodye. endoplasmic reticulumThis organelle is the site of polypeptide assembly.
Q:
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.a. contain enzymes for intracellular digestionb. are primary cellular organelles where proteins are assembledc. package cellular secretions for exportd. extract energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesize ATP; produce water and carbon dioxidee. synthesize subunits that will be assembled into two-part ribosomes in the cytoplasmf. transcribe, translate hereditary instructions into specific proteinsg. store substancesh. encode hereditary informationi. help distribute chromosomes to the new cells during cell divisionj. convert light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or starchRibosomes
Q:
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.a. contain enzymes for intracellular digestionb. are primary cellular organelles where proteins are assembledc. package cellular secretions for exportd. extract energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesize ATP; produce water and carbon dioxidee. synthesize subunits that will be assembled into two-part ribosomes in the cytoplasmf. transcribe, translate hereditary instructions into specific proteinsg. store substancesh. encode hereditary informationi. help distribute chromosomes to the new cells during cell divisionj. convert light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or starchNucleoli
Q:
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.a. contain enzymes for intracellular digestionb. are primary cellular organelles where proteins are assembledc. package cellular secretions for exportd. extract energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesize ATP; produce water and carbon dioxidee. synthesize subunits that will be assembled into two-part ribosomes in the cytoplasmf. transcribe, translate hereditary instructions into specific proteinsg. store substancesh. encode hereditary informationi. help distribute chromosomes to the new cells during cell divisionj. convert light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or starchMitochondria
Q:
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.a. contain enzymes for intracellular digestionb. are primary cellular organelles where proteins are assembledc. package cellular secretions for exportd. extract energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesize ATP; produce water and carbon dioxidee. synthesize subunits that will be assembled into two-part ribosomes in the cytoplasmf. transcribe, translate hereditary instructions into specific proteinsg. store substancesh. encode hereditary informationi. help distribute chromosomes to the new cells during cell divisionj. convert light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or starchLysosomes
Q:
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.a. contain enzymes for intracellular digestionb. are primary cellular organelles where proteins are assembledc. package cellular secretions for exportd. extract energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesize ATP; produce water and carbon dioxidee. synthesize subunits that will be assembled into two-part ribosomes in the cytoplasmf. transcribe, translate hereditary instructions into specific proteinsg. store substancesh. encode hereditary informationi. help distribute chromosomes to the new cells during cell divisionj. convert light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or starchCentral vacuoles
Q:
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.
a. contain enzymes for intracellular digestion
b. are primary cellular organelles where proteins are assembled
c. package cellular secretions for export
d. extract energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesize ATP; produce water and carbon dioxide
e. synthesize subunits that will be assembled into two-part ribosomes in the cytoplasm
f. transcribe, translate hereditary instructions into specific proteins
g. store substances
h. encode hereditary information
i. help distribute chromosomes to the new cells during cell division
j. convert light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or starch
RNA molecules
Q:
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.
a. contain enzymes for intracellular digestion
b. are primary cellular organelles where proteins are assembled
c. package cellular secretions for export
d. extract energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesize ATP; produce water and carbon dioxide
e. synthesize subunits that will be assembled into two-part ribosomes in the cytoplasm
f. transcribe, translate hereditary instructions into specific proteins
g. store substances
h. encode hereditary information
i. help distribute chromosomes to the new cells during cell division
j. convert light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or starch
DNA molecules
Q:
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.
a. contain enzymes for intracellular digestion
b. are primary cellular organelles where proteins are assembled
c. package cellular secretions for export
d. extract energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesize ATP; produce water and carbon dioxide
e. synthesize subunits that will be assembled into two-part ribosomes in the cytoplasm
f. transcribe, translate hereditary instructions into specific proteins
g. store substances
h. encode hereditary information
i. help distribute chromosomes to the new cells during cell division
j. convert light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or starch
Golgi bodies
Q:
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.a. contain enzymes for intracellular digestionb. are primary cellular organelles where proteins are assembledc. package cellular secretions for exportd. extract energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesize ATP; produce water and carbon dioxidee. synthesize subunits that will be assembled into two-part ribosomes in the cytoplasmf. transcribe, translate hereditary instructions into specific proteinsg. store substancesh. encode hereditary informationi. help distribute chromosomes to the new cells during cell divisionj. convert light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or starchChloroplasts
Q:
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.a. contain enzymes for intracellular digestionb. are primary cellular organelles where proteins are assembledc. package cellular secretions for exportd. extract energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesize ATP; produce water and carbon dioxidee. synthesize subunits that will be assembled into two-part ribosomes in the cytoplasmf. transcribe, translate hereditary instructions into specific proteinsg. store substancesh. encode hereditary informationi. help distribute chromosomes to the new cells during cell divisionj. convert light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or starchMicrotubules
Q:
Four of the five answers listed below are types of intercellular connections. Select the exception.
a. tight junctions
b. gap junctions
c. plasmodesmata
d. adhering junctions
e. plasmalemma
Q:
Four of the five items listed below are chloroplast features. Select the exception.
a. stroma
b. granum
c. microbody
d. pigment
e. ATP
Q:
Four of the five structures listed below are associated with membranes. Select the exception.
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. granum
c. plasma membrane
d. chromosome
e. nuclear envelope
Q:
Four of the five items listed below are organelles found in eukaryotic cells. Select the exception.
a. mitochondrion
b. Golgi body
c. nucleoid
d. lysosome
e. vacuole
Q:
Which of the following is not a property of living things?a. They can change over generations.b. They use DNA as the genetic material.c. They change over their lifetime.d. They engage in processes to maintain homeostasis.e. All of these are true
Q:
Cilia and flagella are most similar in
a. length.
b. the kinds of cells that have them.
c. the number that cells usually have.
d. their internal composition and structure.
e. their location along the cell's periphery.
Q:
The cell junction labeled "B" in the figure
a. prevents movement of materials between cells.
b. allows passage of a signal to contract heart muscles.
c. allows the free passage of materials between cells.
d. is found mostly in stomach tissue.
e. is found in most tissues except heart muscle.
Q:
The cell junctions labeled "A" in the figure
a. prevent movement of materials between cells.
b. are found in tissues subjected to stretching.
c. allow the free passage of materials between cells.
d. are found mostly in heart muscle.
e. are found in most tissues except in the stomach.
Q:
The cell walls of plant cells that have stopped growing and actively dividing are characterized by the presence of
a. pectin.
b. cellulose.
c. glue-like polysaccharides.
d. lignin.
e. a gluey matrix containing rope-like strands.
Q:
The cell wall
a. provides physical support for plant cells.
b. controls the transport of materials out of the cell.
c. replaces the plasma membrane in plant cells.
d. is found in all eukaryotes.
e. prevents the transport of toxic substances into the plant cells.
Q:
Which of the following is true of the structure labeled "B"?a. It is composed of tubulin subunits.b. It is composed of actin subunits.c. It is a microtubule.d. It is an intermediate filament.e. It is found in cells that give rise to nails and hair.
Q:
Which of the following is true of the structure labeled "A"?
a. It is composed of tubulin subunits.
b. It is composed of actin subunits.
c. It is a microfilament.
d. It is an intermediate filament.
e. It is a major component of muscle cells.
Q:
Lamins are
a. myosin.
b. microtubules.
c. intermediate filaments.
d. microfilaments.
e. all of these.
Q:
The cytoskeleton
a. extends between the nucleus and the plasma membrane.
b. is found within the nucleus.
c. is associated with only certain cell structures.
d. is found within organelles.
e. is found in all animal cells but not in cells with cell walls.
Q:
The mitochondrion harnesses the energy of the flow of ____ from its ____ compartment to its ____ compartment to generate ATP.a. CO2; outer; innerb. H+; outer; innerc. H+; inner; outerd. H2O2; outer; innere. CO2; inner; outer
Q:
The space between the two membranes of the mitochondrion accumulates
a. proteins.
b. H+.
c. carbohydrates.
d. H2O2.
e. CO2.
Q:
Which of the following is thought to be the descendant of engulfed ancient bacteria?
a. nuclei
b. Golgi bodies
c. ER
d. mitochondria
e. lysosomes
Q:
Which of the following contain enzymes used in the breakdown of glucose and generation of ATP?
a. Golgi bodies
b. ribosomes
c. mitochondria
d. lysosomes
e. endoplasmic reticula
Q:
Tay-Sachs disease affects which system?
a. reproductive
b. digestive
c. respiratory
d. nervous
e. cardiovascular
Q:
A malfunction in one of the lysosomal enzymes responsible for breaking down gangliosides leads to
a. cystic fibrosis.
b. Huntington's disease.
c. cretinism.
d. muscular dystrophy.
e. Tay-Sachs disease
Q:
Which of the following cell organelles is responsible for the breakdown of fatty acids?
a. Golgi bodies
b. ribosomes
c. mitochondria
d. lysosomes
e. peroxisomes
Q:
Which of the following are the primary structures that package cellular secretions for export from the cell?
a. Golgi bodies
b. ribosomes
c. mitochondria
d. lysosomes
e. endoplasmic reticula
Q:
Where in cells are proteins manufactured?
a. Golgi bodies
b. vesicles
c. rough endoplasmic reticula
d. lysosomes
e. smooth endoplasmic reticula
Q:
An organelle that pinches off portions of its membrane to form a transport vesicle is the
a. mitochondrion.
b. chloroplast.
c. nucleolus.
d. Golgi body.
e. peroxisome.
Q:
Which is the correct sequence of polypeptide transport in the secretory pathway?
a. plasma membrane >>> Golgi bodies >>> ER >>> ribosome
b. plasma membrane >>> ER >>> Golgi bodies >>> ribosome
c. ribosome >>> Golgi bodies >>> ER >>> plasma membrane
d. ribosome >>> ER >>> Golgi bodies >>> plasma membrane
e. Golgi bodies >>> ribosomes >>> ER >>> plasma membrane
Q:
The area labeled "A" isa. a nucleus.b. chromatin.c. endoplasmic reticulum.d. a vacuole.e. a nucleolus.
Q:
Which of the following is one of the two main functions of the nuclear envelope?a. provides residence for ribosomesb. allows separation of DNA from cytoplasm machineryc. provides total isolation of nuclear componentsd. enables faster cell divisione. enables larger cell size
Q:
Groups of bacteria living together in a close knit group are also known as
a. eukaryotes.
b. all pathogenic bacteria.
c. monophylogenic cultures.
d. biofilms.
e. all of these.
Q:
The tube-like structures extending from these bacterial cells in the picture above to the underlying cells in the above figure are used for
a. attachment.
b. locomotion.
c. whipping up proteins.
d. breathing.
e. communication.
Q:
Prokaryotes
a. have nucleoid regions.
b. are unicellular.
c. may have cell walls.
d. are either bacteria or archaeans.
e. are or have all of these.
Q:
The best microscope to use to view internal features of specimens is the
a. basic light microscope.
b. phase contrast light microscope.
c. Nomarski process light microscope.
d. scanning electron microscope.
e. transmission electron microscope.
Q:
All of the following are tenets of the cell theory EXCEPT that
a. all organisms consist of one or more cells.
b. the cell is the smallest unit that retains the characteristics of life.
c. since the first cell, each new cell is descended from previous cells.
d. each cell is composed of products that it manufactures.
e. cells may arise spontaneously under certain laboratory conditions.
Q:
Volume increases by the ____ of the diameter, and surface area increases by ____ of the diameter.
a. square; doubling
b. square; the cube
c. cube; the square
d. cube; the cube
e. none of these is the correct answer
Q:
The components of membranes that account for most of their active functions are
a. carbohydrates.
b. sterols.
c. proteins.
d. fats.
e. phospholipids.
Q:
One generalization of the cell theory is that
a. all cells have a nucleus.
b. all cells have cell walls.
c. the cell is the smallest unit that displays the properties of life.
d. cells can arise from nonliving matter.
e. all cells are microscopic.
Q:
The first person acknowledged to have seen living, moving cells by using a microscope was
a. Robert Hooke.
b. Robert Brown.
c. Galileo Galilee.
d. Rudolf Virchow.
e. Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
Q:
As few as ____ Escherichia coli O157:H7 cells can cause disease.
a. 11
b. 100
c. 10
d. hundreds
e. thousands
Q:
Bacteria in the intestinal tract prevent pathogens from causing disease by
a. crowding them out.
b. eating other bacteria.
c. producing protein traps to kill them.
d. submerging them in acid in the stomach.
e. doing all of these.
Q:
Explain why vigorous exercise in warm weather could be hazardous to your enzymes?
Q:
What property of phospholipids allows them to form cell membranes?
Q:
How are cellulose and starch similar and how do they differ?
Q:
In biology, many complementary processes exist. Explain how condensation reactions are complementary to hydrolysis reactions.