Q&A Hero

Biology & Life Science

Q: In chickens, the wings develop from a zone of polarizing activity (ZPA).
Q: Bicoid is only one type of morphogen.
Q: Even small concentrations of bicoid protein will cause the anterior portion of an organism to form there.
Q: Bicoid mRNAs are produced by the zygote.
Q: The lenses of the eye are produced from the endoderm.
Q: During cleavage, the vegetal pole of a frog egg contains larger cells than the animal pole.
Q: Cells first arrange themselves into layers during organogenesis.
Q: Early vertebrate embryos share a general similarity in shape in the period following somite development.
Q: Cleavage and gastrulation take place in animals such as humans and birds but not in frogs.
Q: Somites are repeating blocks of ectodermal tissue.
Q: The notochord induces the formation of the neural plate in vertebrates.
Q: The archenteron is mostly made of the mesoderm.
Q: The mouth is the last thing produced by growth of the archenteron through the sea urchin gastrula.
Q: The blastula contains an internal structure called the archenteron.
Q: The mesoderm refers to the middle layer produced during gastrulation.
Q: Gastrulation begins at the sea urchin blastula's vegetal pole.
Q: The blastula is the stage of embryonic development in which cells migrate.
Q: Cleavage includes the stage of development between the zygote and blastula.
Q: The blastocoel is the hollow cavity in the morula.
Q: In general, the endoderm gives rise to tissues located deeper in the body than those from the ectoderm.
Q: The end of a zygote that contains less yolk is the animal pole.
Q: Development occurs: A) throughout the life of the organism. B) only in non-dividing cells. C) only during growth of the organism. D) only in animals.
Q: Without programmed cell death, your ________ might look more like a ________. A) hand; paddle B) head; hand C) leg; heart D) foot; hoof
Q: What action by the individual cells involved can assist processes involving cell movement such as gastrulation? A) transcription factors B) microfilament growth C) invagination D) evagination E) phagocytosis
Q: Two populations of cells may end up segregating themselves into different layers during development because they have different: A) DNA. B) sizes. C) apoptosis programming. D) phospholipid molecules. E) cell adhesion molecules.
Q: Predict what would happen if a fruit fly regulatory gene that codes for a leg replaced a frog gene in the same position. A) The frog would produce a fruit fly leg. B) The gene would kill the frog embryo. C) The frog would produce a frog leg. D) The frog would produce a leg that is part frog and part insect.
Q: What is the significance of the homeobox sequence studied in animal species? A) Certain genetic instructions for development have changed very little over time. B) Certain genetic instructions for development have changed a great deal over time. C) Certain genetic instructions vary based on structural differences. D) Certain genetic instructions vary based on phyla.
Q: How long is the DNA in the homeobox sequence? A) 4 base pairs B) 68 base pairs C) 180 base pairs D) 362 base pairs
Q: ZPA cells of the chick embryo produce which morphogen? A) sonic hedgehog B) sonic chicken C) bicoid D) chicken wing factor
Q: Which cells are most important in initiating the production of bicoid protein? A) limb bud cells B) posterior portion cells C) nurse cells D) neural tube cells
Q: Which of the following is a process by which an initial set of genes turns on a second set of regulatory genes, which eventually turns on a third set of genes? A) developmental chain reaction B) gastrulation C) the sonic hedgehog sequence D) the genetic cascade E) somite production
Q: At which of the following levels does bicoid work in fruit flies? A) regulation of development of the head end, middle, and posterior end B) regulation of development of organ systems C) regulation of development of organs only in the thorax region of the organism D) regulation of development of wings
Q: A basic description of the function of morphogens is that they: A) stimulate the formation of the ectoderm. B) affect the course of local development. C) kill cells during development. D) stop all embryonic growth.
Q: What is the effect of higher concentration of bicoid protein in part of a fruit fly embryo? A) It will develop into the posterior end of the organism. B) It will develop into the heart of the organism. C) It will develop into the head end of the organism. D) It lowers the chances of embryo survival.
Q: Place the following steps of organogenesis in the correct order: (1) neural crest cells break away, (2) neural folds grow into a neural tube, (3) the notochord induces development of the neural plate. A) 1, 2, 3 B) 1, 3, 2 C) 3, 1, 2 D) 2, 3, 1 E) 3, 2, 1
Q: Migration of which of the following to different parts of the embryo produces various tissues and organs? A) morula cells B) the animal pole C) the blastocoel D) neural crest cells E) notochord cells
Q: The blastocoel is: A) a fertilized egg. B) the group of cells that form the archenteron. C) a fluid-filled cavity. D) a hollow sphere of cells.
Q: Which of the following is true of the animal pole of a zygote? A) The animal pole is closer to the nucleus than the vegetal pole. B) The animal pole is hollow. C) The animal pole becomes the entire embryo. D) The animal pole produces larger cells than the vegetal pole.
Q: During which stage of development do cells arrange themselves into three layers? A) morula B) cleavage C) gastrulation D) organogenesis
Q: Which of the following is a morula? A) a fertilized egg B) the group of cells that form the archenteron C) a tightly packed ball of early embryonic cells D) a hollow sphere of cells
Q: Of the choices listed, the first event that occurs during embryonic development is: A) germ layer formation. B) blastula formation. C) organogenesis. D) cleavage.
Q: In sea urchin development, the archenteron becomes the: A) ectoderm. B) endoderm. C) digestive tube. D) lungs.
Q: Which is true regarding somites in an embryo? A) Somites will become vertebrae. B) Somites are found inside the notochord. C) Somites will form the skull. D) Somites will form the lungs.
Q: Which of the following happens first in vertebrate development? A) development of the neural plate B) development of the neural crest C) development of the neural tube D) development of the notochord
Q: Which characteristic is typical of the vegetal pole of an embryo? A) The vegetal pole is composed of a single, large cell. B) The vegetal pole is always hollow. C) The vegetal pole contains relatively less yolk. D) The vegetal pole has a relatively greater proportion of yolk. E) The vegetal pole is the site of the development of the mouth.
Q: If an organism is missing the outer layer of skin upon birth, which of the following might be the cause? A) improper development of the mesoderm B) improper development of the endoderm C) improper development of the ectoderm D) improper development of the endoderm and the mesoderm
Q: A difference between a morula and a blastula is that the: A) morula is a solid ball of tightly packed cells, whereas the blastula has a cavity in the center. B) blastula has fewer cells than the morula. C) morula has a hollow center, but the blastula doesn't. D) morula is a well-developed embryo, and the blastula is an earlier stage of development.
Q: The phase during which embryonic cells arrange themselves into three layers is called: A) cleavage. B) gastrulation. C) organogenesis. D) fertilization. E) induction.
Q: The process of fertilization produces a/an: A) embryo. B) blastula. C) morula. D) gastrula. E) zygote.
Q: Refer to the figure below, and then answer the question that follows. Which structure, A, B, C, or D, transports urine using peristalsis?
Q: Refer to the figure below, and then answer the question that follows.Which organ, A, B, or C, produces digestive enzymes and chemical buffers?
Q: Propose an argument for why the urinary system is much more than just a waste filtration site and is also a major player in the game of homeostasis.
Q: Could someone add body fat by eating a diet low in fat but high in carbohydrates? Defend your answer.
Q: Formulate reasons in support of why the duodenum could be described both structurally and functionally as the "crossroads" of the digestive tract.
Q: Which part of the brain is responsible for producing and controlling the release of the hormone ADH?
Q: The functional units of the kidneys are the ________.
Q: Complex carbohydrates that are digestible are known as ________.
Q: A friend tells you that she wants to try to be a strict vegetarian or vegan, but her parents are discouraging her from doing so. Her parents say she will not get enough protein or vitamins. What advice can you offer your friend to help her convince her parents she will get enough protein and vitamins on a vegetarian or vegan diet?
Q: Which nutrient has the highest caloric content?
Q: Chemical elements that are needed to help form bodily structures and to facilitate chemical reactions in the body are ________.
Q: What are the two main chemicals secreted by the gastric pits in the stomach?
Q: A classmate tells you that his mother had her gallbladder removed, and he says she wants to cut down on fat in her diet. He comments that he's not sure why because lipase is the enzyme that breaks down fats, and bile stored in the gallbladder isn't an enzyme. Although his last statement is factually true, how would you help your classmate understand this connection?
Q: The layer of the digestive tract that contains smooth muscle is the ________.
Q: Match the following.A) tube sensitive to ADHB) contraction forces urine out the bodyC) carries urine to the bladderD) carries urine from the bladder out of the bodyCollecting duct
Q: Match the following.A) tube sensitive to ADHB) contraction forces urine out the bodyC) carries urine to the bladderD) carries urine from the bladder out of the bodyUrinary bladder
Q: Match the following.A) tube sensitive to ADHB) contraction forces urine out the bodyC) carries urine to the bladderD) carries urine from the bladder out of the bodyUreter
Q: Match the following.A) tube sensitive to ADHB) contraction forces urine out the bodyC) carries urine to the bladderD) carries urine from the bladder out of the bodyUrethra
Q: Match the following.A) water and vitamin K absorbedB) secretes enzymes and chemical buffersC) most digestion and absorptionD) transport of food onlySmall intestine
Q: Match the following.A) water and vitamin K absorbedB) secretes enzymes and chemical buffersC) most digestion and absorptionD) transport of food onlyPancreas
Q: Match the following.A) water and vitamin K absorbedB) secretes enzymes and chemical buffersC) most digestion and absorptionD) transport of food onlyEsophagus
Q: Match the following.A) water and vitamin K absorbedB) secretes enzymes and chemical buffersC) most digestion and absorptionD) transport of food onlyLarge intestine
Q: Match the following.A) water and vitamin K absorbedB) secretes enzymes and chemical buffersC) most digestion and absorptionD) transport of food onlyStomach
Q: The urethra is different lengths in men and women.
Q: The tube leading from the bladder that carries urine out of the body is the ureter.
Q: About 99 percent of the fluid the kidney processes is recycled back into the body.
Q: Fiber is defined as a complex carbohydrate that is digestible.
Q: Soy protein and nearly all animal protein sources provide all the essential amino acids needed in the diet.
Q: A "nutritional" calorie is actually 1,000 of the energy unit calories.
Q: Minerals are always chemical elements, not compounds.
Q: Sodium is a nutrient because it provides us with energy.
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