Q&A Hero

Biology & Life Science

Q: Modern humans (Homo sapiens) coexisted in Europe for thousands of years with which other hominin? A) Homo erectus B) Homo neanderthalensis C) Homo ergaster D) Homo heidelbergensis
Q: Homo floresiensis is a relatively new find of fossils from: A) Africa. B) Indonesia. C) Australia. D) Europe.
Q: Several lines of evidence, including fossils and a genetic analysis of different groups of modern humans, suggest that our species originated and spread out from: A) north Africa. B) east Africa. C) central Europe. D) India.
Q: A significant difference between Neanderthals and modern humans is that Neanderthals: A) had smaller brains. B) were taller. C) were foragers, not "collectors." D) used throwing spears.
Q: The cranial capacity for the species Australopithecus afarensis was close to: A) 450 cubic centimeters. B) 900 cubic centimeters. C) 1,400 cubic centimeters. D) 2,000 cubic centimeters.
Q: Most of hominin evolution occurred in Africa, but there is fossil evidence that members of the genus Homo first migrated out of Africa at least ________ years ago. A) 1.8 million B) 3 million C) 5 million D) 10 million
Q: Which natural material seems to be the first used by hominins to make tools? A) stones B) wood C) feathers D) hair
Q: According to the fossil evidence, which hominin was the first to leave Africa? A) Homo neanderthalensis B) Homo sapiens C) Homo erectus D) Homo ergaster
Q: Paleontologists have determined that Australopithecines, such as Lucy, could walk upright. On what evidence do they base this claim? A) the tools found with the fossils B) the structure of her hands C) the structure of her pelvis D) the structure of the skull
Q: How long ago did Australopithecus afarensis live? A) 50,000100,000 years ago B) 500,000 years ago C) about 2.2 million years ago D) about 3.2 million years ago
Q: Which of the following was most ape-like? A) Homo habilis B) Homo ergaster C) Homo neanderthalensis D) Australopithecus afarensis
Q: Which hominin may be a direct ancestor of our genus but had long arms, short legs, and grasping feet? A) Homo erectus B) Australopithecus afarensis C) Homo neanderthalensis D) Kenyanthropus platyops
Q: "Grasping feet" suggest an adaptation for some degree of: A) tree-dwelling life-style. B) limited tool use. C) knuckle walking. D) migratory behavior.
Q: To what does the term "mosaic pattern" refer in terms of evolution? A) Natural selection is no longer operating on modern humans. B) Different features developed at different times in different species. C) Every species was subject to a different form of natural selection. D) Fossils are found in a mosaic pattern at a paleontological site.
Q: Which of the following characteristics of a fossil suggests that the species does not belong to the hominin group? A) bipedal walking B) small canine teeth C) protruding brow ridges D) a flat face
Q: Which of the following characteristics of a fossil suggests that the species belonged to the hominin group? A) large canine teeth and thinner tooth enamel B) a protruding lower face C) small canine teeth and thicker tooth enamel D) prominent brow ridges
Q: A paleoanthropologist is a scientist who studies: A) rocks and their ages. B) all fossils. C) fossils in the human lineage. D) ancient human culture.
Q: Which of the following is least important in deciding whether a fossil should be classified as a hominin? A) bipedalism B) slope of the face C) brain size D) tooth structure
Q: A piece of evidence in favor of including Sahelanthropus tchadensis (Toumai) with the hominins rather than apes is that the species was likely: A) tree dwelling. B) bipedal. C) related to Neanderthals. D) carnivorous.
Q: Which of the following species of hominin is the most recent to have become extinct? A) Homo neanderthalensis B) Homo habilis C) Homo erectus D) Homo ergaster
Q: Which statement would support a hypothesis that most (about the first 70 percent) of human evolution took place in Africa? A) The oldest fossils are found in Africa. B) Homo sapiens fossils are found in Africa and Europe. C) No Neanderthal fossils are found in Africa. D) The earliest fossils found outside of Africa are 1,800,000 years old.
Q: Modern humans have been in existence for approximately how many years? A) 100,000 B) 200,000 C) 500,000 D) 1,000,000
Q: Place the following in correct order from least to most closely related to modern humans: (1) orangutans, (2) monkeys, (3) Homo erectus, (4) Australopithecus afarensis. A) 1, 2, 3, 4 B) 4, 3, 2, 1 C) 2, 1, 3, 4 D) 2, 1, 4, 3
Q: Of the following four species, which one lies closest to modern humans? A) Homo habilis B) Homo neanderthalensis C) Homo ergaster D) Homo erectus
Q: Which Homo species from 12 million years ago is connected as an ancestor of Homo sapiens according to the hominin family tree? A) Homo ergaster B) Homo habilis C) Homo erectus D) Homo neanderthalensis
Q: Based on evidence from "primate molecular clocks," a primate common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees existed about: A) 3 million years ago. B) 45 million years ago. C) 67 million years ago. D) 10 million years ago.
Q: The Taung baby, a member of Australopithecus africanus, is estimated to have lived about: A) 1 million years ago. B) 23 million years ago. C) 45 million years ago. D) 510 million years ago.
Q: According to the primate family tree, the modern species most closely related to the humans is the: A) chimpanzee. B) orangutan. C) gorilla. D) lemur.
Q: Refer to the figure below, and then answer the following question(s).The missing label indicated by a "4" in the figure should be:A) Australopithecus afarensis.B) Australopithecus africanus.C) Homo ergaster.D) Homo neanderthalensis.
Q: Refer to the figure below, and then answer the following question(s).The missing label indicated by a "3" in the figure should be:A) Australopithecus afarensis.B) Australopithecus africanus.C) Homo ergaster.D) Homo neanderthalensis.
Q: Refer to the figure below, and then answer the following question(s).The missing label indicated by a "2" in the figure should be:A) Australopithecus afarensis.B) Australopithecus africanus.C) Homo ergaster.D) Homo neanderthalensis.
Q: Refer to the figure below, and then answer the following question(s).The missing label indicated by a "1" in the figure should be:A) Australopithecus afarensis.B) Australopithecus africanus.C) Homo ergaster.D) Homo neanderthalensis.
Q: As you know from having studied the scientific method, a hypothesis must be able to make predictions that can be proved or disproved. The "out-of-Africa" hypothesis is currently more widely accepted than the "multiregionalism" school of thought. Summarize the out-of-Africa hypothesis, and explain the genetic diversity evidence in its favor.
Q: Describe the characteristics that appear to differentiate humans from apes in the hominin group.
Q: The fossils of Australopithecines indicate that, even though they walked upright, their arms were longer than their legs, and their feet still contained a partially opposable big toe. What does this suggest to you about their habitat and lifestyle?
Q: The first wave of modern human migration out of Africa began about ________.
Q: To which species might the fossil hominin in the second crate belong? Briefly explain your answer.
Q: To which species does the fossil hominin in the first crate belong? Briefly explain your answer.
Q: The ability for a hominin to walk upright is referred to as ________.
Q: The two hominin species that are believed to have been alive 50,000 years ago concurrently with modern humans are ________ and ________.
Q: Modern humans are classified as belonging to the species ________.
Q: Match the following.A) first hominin to leave AfricaB) the "hobbit people"C) LucyD) arguably, the earliest homininE) "Turkana boy"Australopithecus afarensis
Q: Match the following.A) first hominin to leave AfricaB) the "hobbit people"C) LucyD) arguably, the earliest homininE) "Turkana boy"Homo ergaster
Q: Match the following.A) first hominin to leave AfricaB) the "hobbit people"C) LucyD) arguably, the earliest homininE) "Turkana boy"Homo erectus
Q: Match the following.A) first hominin to leave AfricaB) the "hobbit people"C) LucyD) arguably, the earliest homininE) "Turkana boy"Homo floresiensis
Q: Match the following.A) first hominin to leave AfricaB) the "hobbit people"C) LucyD) arguably, the earliest homininE) "Turkana boy"Sahelanthropus tchadensis
Q: The first wave of modern human migration reached Europe and northern Asia.
Q: Hominins migrated from Africa, through Asia, all the way to Australia.
Q: Australopithecus afarensis represents a hominin with both ape-like and human-like characteristics.
Q: The brain of Australopithecus afarensis was almost the same size as that of modern humans.
Q: A relatively early hominin with advanced tool technology was Homo ergaster.
Q: The closest living primate relative to humans is the gorilla.
Q: A paleoanthropologist studies the development of ancient human culture.
Q: Most hominin evolution took place in south Africa and Australia.
Q: Homo floresiensis represents a branching point for modern humans in Africa.
Q: Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis coexisted for thousands of years.
Q: The genus Kenyanthropus appears to be the immediate ancestor of the genus Homo.
Q: Refer to the figure below, and then answer the question that follows.The missing label indicated with a question mark in the figure should be:A) amniotic egg.B) mammary glands.C) scales.D) lungs.
Q: Refer to the figure below, and then answer the question that follows.The missing label indicated with a question mark in the figure should be:A) chloroplasts.B) seeds.C) flowers.D) vascular tissue.
Q: Most evolutionary "branches" on the tree of life can read like the story of stepwise challenge and evolutionary innovation. For example, a cuticle solved the problem of maintaining moisture in the first terrestrial plants. Outline and explain the steps in the evolution of terrestrial vertebrates that lead to the evolution of mammals.
Q: Examine and explain the connections between Stanley Miller's experiments and the importance of the evolution of photosynthesis to the current state of life on Earth.
Q: Propose reasons why major extinction events (or explosions of life-forms) are good dividing lines for the geologic timescale. Support your answer.
Q: List three characteristics of all non-ape primates, and state an advantage for each of these characteristics.
Q: The early primates were specialized for life in the ________.
Q: The first land vertebrates were the ________.
Q: Defend the following statement: Vascular tissue was, arguably, the most important evolutionary step, making possible the kinds of plant life we see today.
Q: What adaptations did ancient algae have to achieve as they washed ashore and evolved into the more advanced land plants we see today?
Q: Angiosperms are unique among plants because they produce ________.
Q: The oxygen present in Earth's atmosphere has been produced as a waste product of the process of ________.
Q: Compare and contrast the life-forms found in Domains Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Q: The eukaryotic kingdom ________ has the greatest fundamental diversity, including some species that are animal-like, plant-like, and fungus-like, as well as some algae.
Q: Discuss why many scientists consider RNA to have been the basis for early forms of life.
Q: Life first evolved in and the earliest forms of life lived in ________.
Q: The first dinosaurs appeared during the ________ period.
Q: The first single-celled organisms appeared around 3.5 ________ years ago.
Q: Match the following.A) gram-positive prokaryotesB) methane-producing prokaryotesC) invertebratesD) yeastE) diatomsKingdom Fungi
Q: Match the following.A) gram-positive prokaryotesB) methane-producing prokaryotesC) invertebratesD) yeastE) diatomsKingdom Animalia
Q: Match the following.A) gram-positive prokaryotesB) methane-producing prokaryotesC) invertebratesD) yeastE) diatomsKingdom Protista
Q: Match the following.A) gram-positive prokaryotesB) methane-producing prokaryotesC) invertebratesD) yeastE) diatomsDomain Archaea
Q: Match the following.A) gram-positive prokaryotesB) methane-producing prokaryotesC) invertebratesD) yeastE) diatomsDomain Bacteria
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