Q&A Hero

Q: After spending several hours looking over an architect's plans, Wendy formed a new impression for a new building design. Which component of attitude did she change? A) affective B) behavioral C) emotive D) cognitive

Q: The ________ component of attitude is based on emotions. A) cognitive B) behavioral C) affective D) action

Q: When you stand at attention during the playing of the national anthem, you are revealing which component of your attitude toward your country? A) cognitive B) affective C) metacognitive D) behavioral

Q: The component of attitude that is made up of knowledge and information is ________. A) cognitive B) behavioral C) affective D) practices

Q: Define organizational behavior and describe its goals.

Q: Attitudes are evaluative statements concerning objects, people, or events.

Q: The goals of organizational behavior (OB) are to explain and evaluate behavior.

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Q: Allowing employees to participate in the change process is NOT a common way to deal with resistance to organizational change.

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Q: A manager who twists facts to make change seem less disruptive is using the technique of coercion.

Q: Education is a good way to overcome resistance to change due to misinformation.

Q: Negotiation twists and distorts facts to reduce resistance to change.

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Q: One reason people resist change is that it goes against our habits.

Q: When a manager attempts to covertly influence others by distorting the facts he is using which of the following methods of reducing resistance to change?A) manipulationB) educationC) coercionD) negotiation

Q: Which method of reducing resistance to change is most likely to backfire on the manager who uses it?A) education and communicationB) negotiationC) participationD) manipulation

Q: The most popular OD efforts involve cooperation and these kinds of activities. A) individual interactions B) group interactions C) group assessment D) individual assessment

Q: Organization development can be viewed as an attempt to change an organization's ________. A) structure B) financial goals C) culture D) status

Q: Organization development (OD) helps employees ________. A) deal with planned change B) deal with unplanned change C) avoid unpleasant change D) avoid all types of change

Q: Signing up for a college course that varies in length from 2 to 30 weeks with classes that last from 20 minutes to 3 hours is an example of which metaphor of change? A) Three step model B) Calm-waters C) White-water rapids D) Force-field

Q: In terms of change, Lewin's force field analysis might see ________ as a driving force. A) fear of change B) inertia C) reward from change D) difficulty of change

Q: Lewin's force field analysis identified ________ forces that compete when people try to achieve a goal. A) physical push-and-pull B) driving and blocking C) enormous D) magnetic

Q: Kurt Lewin originated some of his most important group dynamics ideas by studying which of the following? A) family vacations during World War I B) force fields in physics C) how football has blocking and driving forces D) family food habits during World War II

Q: Writing laws to reward industries to reduce carbon emissions in an effort to combat global climate change can be best described as an example of which of the following? A) unfreezing the status quo B) freezing a change into place C) implementing change D) refreezing the status quo

Q: Which phenomenon in today's business climate has made the "white-water rapids" metaphor popular? A) reduced competition B) corporations that are too powerful C) organizations that resist change D) constant and chaotic change

Q: Today, Lewin's "calm waters" metaphor is increasingly thought to be ________. A) illogical B) an apt description of the current situation C) a blueprint for the future D) obsolete

Q: The goal in Lewin's "calm waters" metaphor is ________. A) to change the current equilibrium state B) to reach a state of constant change C) to eliminate the equilibrium state D) to establish a new equilibrium state

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Q: Which of the following would be considered grounds for a sexual harassment charge?A) jokes that had a sexual theme but no one found offensiveB) artwork that, while some considered classic, made some employees feel uncomfortableC) hiring a male employee who had been previously convicted of a sex crime D) consensual dating between an employee and supervisor

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Q: A significant advantage of the matrix structure is the clear chain of command from top to bottom of the organization.

Q: Employees in an organization with a matrix design can have two bosses for the same job.

Q: In a team structure, there is a clear line of managerial authority from top to bottom.

Q: In a team structure, team members are not held responsible for their decisions.

Q: A weakness of the divisional structure is that duplication of activities tends to occur.

Q: A strength of a functional structure is that it avoids duplication of activities.

Q: One of the strengths of a simple structure is that it is flexible.

Q: Eric the Redd (Scenario)Eric Redd graduated from college and was hired by a corporation that manufactured parts for the automotive industry. The employees on the assembly line seemed bored, and their motivation was low. Eric's employer decided to try to reorganize to increase productivity. During his career, Eric will see his job change from an engineer to a more complex job assignment.Eric, who is trained as an engineer, is now in a group with production workers and marketing specialists from different departments designing a new product that the company plans to offer. This situation could be described as a(n) ________.A) alternative assignmentB) collective assignmentC) advanced assignmentD) project assignment

Q: A building contractor follows the network organization model when he does which of the following?A) does the framing and tiling by himselfB) hires three workers to help with framingC) gives orders to workersD) farms out the plumbing to a plumbing firm

Q: A ________ subcontracts part of a project to outside suppliers.A) virtual organizationB) boundary organizationC) matrix structureD) network organization

Q: How does a virtual organization save on costs?A) by hiring people who specialize in what they doB) by hiring fewer people than they need and making them work much longer hoursC) by eliminating all administrative dutiesD) by keeping only a small permanent staff for administrative purposes only

Q: Authority gives an individual the right to do this. A) give orders B) reprimand employees C) command respect D) obey orders

Q: The chain of command answers this question. A) Where do I go for help? B) How do I know when the task is complete? C) What are the rules? D) Who reports to whom?

Q: The line of authority that extends from the upper levels of management to the lowest levels of the organization is termed the ________. A) chain of responsibility B) unity of command C) staff authority D) chain of command

Q: State motor vehicle offices usually use this kind of departmentalization. A) product B) functional C) customer D) process

Q: What kind of departmentalization would be in place in a government agency in which there are separate departments that provide services for employers, employed workers, unemployed workers, and the disabled? A) product B) geographic C) outcome D) customer

Q: A soap company that features a bath soap department, a laundry detergent department, and a dish soap department is using which of the following? A) process departmentalization B) functional departmentalization C) product departmentalization D) customer departmentalization

Q: ________ departmentalization is based on territory or the physical location of employees or customers. A) Functional B) Product C) Geographic D) Matrix

Q: Functional departmentalization groups jobs by ________. A) tasks they perform B) territories they serve C) products or services they manufacture or produce D) type of customer they serve

Q: Today, managers favor this approach with regard to work specialization. A) All tasks are performed by all employees to promote fairness. B) Partners switch jobs every half hour to overcome boredom. C) Employees specialize to maintain efficiency. D) Monotonous tasks are shared by all employees to prevent perceived favoritism.

Q: Early users of work specialization in the early twentieth century found that the practice ultimately resulted in ________. A) higher profits and better employee morale B) bored workers with low morale C) huge and permanent productivity gains D) better communication among employees

Q: Early supporters of work specialization saw it as ________. A) a reliable way to increase productivity B) a good way to increase employee morale C) a source of innovation D) an immoral way to coerce workers into greater productivity

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Q: Neural networks are able to outdo the performance of humans by ________.A) analyzing symbolsB) handling up to three variables at onceC) handling hundreds of variables at onceD) reading facial expressions

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Q: Expert systems are primarily used to help what kinds of decision makers?A) lower-level managersB) top managersC) senior managersD) experts

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Q: Software programs that use a series of questions to aid humans in decision making are called ________.A) text reading softwareB) expert systemsC) group systemsD) support software

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Q: Which term best characterizes a decision that has bounded rationality?A) virtually perfectB) rigorous and comprehensiveC) not good enoughD) just good enough

Q: In a short essay, list and discuss the final four steps in the decision-making process. Give an example of each step.

Q: It is assumed that in most cases the decisions of all managers are limited by ________.A) greed and short-sightednessB) having too much informationC) not being able to analyze all information for all alternativesD) not being able to act rationally or in the best interests of their organization

Q: In a short essay, list and discuss the first four steps in the decision-making process. Give an example of each step.

Q: Unstructured problems are ________.A) perfectly rationalB) clear and straightforwardC) situations in which all options are knownD) situations in which all options are not known

Q: Sondra needed help. Her insurance company's rapid growth was necessitating making some IT changes, but what changes? Should they modify the servers that they currently use or purchase an entirely new system? Sondra was confused and needed help in making the correct decision. Structured problems are ________. A) ambiguous B) undefined and vague C) clear and straightforward D) incomplete

Q: Personal judgments and emotions should always be strictly ignored in a decision-making process.

Q: The expression "throwing good money after bad" is an example of an escalation of commitment.

Q: Intuitive decision making should not be a part of a manager's decision-making process.

Q: Intuitive decision making is systematic, logical, and orderly.

Q: One assumption of bounded rationality is that managers usually attempt to make rational decisions.