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Q:
Two common measures to evaluate supply-chain efficiency are the consumer price index and the beta flow system.
Q:
Which of the following is most likely to promote innovation in an organization?
A) adopting a product team structure
B) increasing vertical differentiation
C) decreasing the flexibility of the organization
D) increasing the number of levels in the organizational hierarchy
Q:
Which of the following is a difference between a skunk works and a new venture division?
A) A skunk works is formed for marketing a newly developed product whereas a new venture division is formed for improving the quality of a newly developed product.
B) A skunk works consists of top-level managers whereas a new venture division consists of low-level managers.
C) A skunk works is dissolved when the product is brought to market whereas a new venture division assumes full responsibility for the commercialization of the product.
D) A skunk works is formed for achieving an incremental innovation whereas a new venture division is formed for achieving a quantum innovation.
Q:
The idea of supply-chain management is to apply a total system approach to managing the entire flow of information, materials and services from raw-materials suppliers through factories and warehouses to the end customer.
Q:
"Quality at the source" refers to the degree to which a product or service design specifications are met.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding skunk works?
A) A skunk works assumes full responsibility for the commercialization of the new product and for achieving the desired profit targets.
B) A skunk works is a team of employees working in the finance department in an organization who look after the financial viability of the new product.
C) A skunk works is dissolved when the product is brought to market.
D) A skunk works is a team in an organization that is responsible for quality control.
Q:
A "________" is a task force, a temporary team that is created to expedite new product design and to promote innovation by coordinating the activities of functional groups. Typically, this team operates at a separate facility, at a location isolated from the rest of the organization.
A) workers' union
B) kaizen group
C) skunk works
D) quality circle
Q:
The term "conformance quality" refers to the relative level of performance of a product as compared to competing products. For instance, certain luxury sedans are said to be of "higher quality" than some low-priced sub-compact automobiles.
Q:
Fundamental to any quality program is the determination of quality specifications and the costs of achieving (or not achieving) those specifications.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding heavyweight team leaders?
A) Heavyweight team leaders are not given control over human, financial, and functional resources.
B) As compared to a lightweight team leader, a heavyweight team leader has less ability to assemble a cross-functional team with the skills needed to develop a successful new product.
C) Heavyweight team leaders can acquire resources only after they have obtained a permission from the appropriate functional heads and they cannot override the wishes of the functional heads.
D) Heavyweight team leaders often function as product champions.
Q:
A quality guru named Joseph M. Juran is well known for his "14 points" of quality.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding a lightweight team leader?
A) A lightweight team leader remains under the control of a functional department head.
B) A lightweight team leader often functions as a product champion.
C) A lightweight team leader is a top-level manager.
D) A lightweight team leader is given primary control over key human, technological, and financial resources for the duration of the project.
Q:
A quality guru named Philip Crosby suggested a general approach to quality management should involve prevention, not inspection.
Q:
Which of the following functions is most likely to be true regarding a product champion?
A) A product champion is always appointed by the top-management team in an organization.
B) A product champion takes ownership of the project.
C) A product champion is the head of the R&D department in an organization.
D) A product champion is a lightweight team leader.
Q:
A quality guru named Joseph M. Juran defined quality as fitness for use.
Q:
________ often function as product champions.
A) Boundary spanners
B) Whistle-blowers
C) Free riders
D) Heavyweight team leaders
Q:
A ________ is a mid-level functional manager who has lower status than the head of a functional department and he or she is not given control over human, financial, and functional resources.
A) business agent
B) boundary spanner
C) lightweight team leader
D) product champion
Q:
A quality guru named Philip Crosby defined quality as conformance to requirements.
Q:
A lightweight team leader would be appropriate for an organization seeking a(n) ________.
A) quantum innovations
B) revolutionary change
C) technological discontinuities
D) incremental innovation
Q:
A quality guru named Philip Crosby defined quality as fitness for use.
Q:
Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding core team members in a new product development project?
A) They work on several projects simultaneously.
B) They mainly look after the marketing aspect of the project.
C) They stay with the project from inception to completion of the development effort.
D) The top-managers involved in a product development project are referred to as the core members of the project.
Q:
While small business organizations can seek to achieve the Baldrige National Quality Award health care organizations, like hospitals, can't.
Q:
Which of the following structures is most suitable for managing innovation in high-tech organizations?
A) functional structure
B) market structure
C) product team structure
D) geographic structure
Q:
While business organizations can seek to achieve the Baldrige National Quality Award educational institutions, like universities, can't.
Q:
At which stage of a stage-gate development funnel do prospective managers develop a detailed product development plan that includes information about factors such as strategic and financial objectives and human resource requirements?
A) stage 1
B) stage 2
C) stage 3
D) stage 4
Q:
The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award represents the U. S. government's endorsement of quality as an essential part of successful business strategy.
Q:
Which of the following takes place during the second stage of a stage-gate development funnel?
A) The product development proposal is reviewed in terms of its fit with the goals and strategies of the organization.
B) A senior management committee reviews the new product development plan.
C) Organizational resources are allocated for developing a prototype of the product.
D) A cross-functional team of managers is formed to develop a detailed plan for product development.
Q:
Conformance quality is a strategic decision for a firm.
Q:
A stage-gate development funnel typically has ________ stages.
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five
Q:
In 1997 the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Improvement Act established the U.S.'s annual award for total quality management.
Q:
A stage-gate development funnel typically has ________ gates.
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
Q:
One of the tools of a quality control department that is used in a TQM program is leadership.
Q:
Which of the following takes place during the first stage of a stage-gate development funnel?
A) The new product idea is evaluated by a top-management committee.
B) A detailed new product development plan that contains the detailed information about financial objectives is submitted for review.
C) The product development proposal is reviewed in terms of its fit with the goals and strategies of the organization.
D) Organizational resources are allocated for developing a prototype of the product.
Q:
Kaizen is a term used when perfect quality levels have been attained.
Q:
Which of the following tools is most likely to help managers develop a structured process for evaluating different new product development proposals and deciding which to support?
A) Pareto chart
B) stage-gate development funnel
C) critical path method
D) fishbone diagram
Q:
One of the tools of a quality control department that is used in a TQM program is process sampling.
Q:
A PERT/CAM network is most likely to be used during ________.
A) marketing research
B) organizational restructuring
C) project management
D) organizational value analysis
Q:
One of the tools of a quality control department that is used in a TQM program is acceptance sampling.
Q:
Which of the following tools is most likely to be used during project management?
A) BCG matrix
B) Porter's five forces model
C) GANTT chart
D) GRIT model
Q:
Design quality refers to the inherent value of the product in the marketplace.
Q:
The critical path method helps determine ________.
A) the most suitable structure for the organization
B) the best long-term marketing strategy for a company
C) the particular tasks or activities that have significant effect on project time and cost
D) trends in consumer tastes and preferences
Q:
The Shingo system approach to quality is totally compatible with statistically based approaches to quality control.
Q:
Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding the mature stage of a product life cycle?
A) In a product life cycle, the mature stage comes immediately after the embryonic stage.
B) A product in the maturity stage has yet to gain widespread acceptance because the consumers are unsure about the value proposition offered by the product.
C) During the mature stage, demand for a product is typically replacement demand because incremental innovation has resulted in a new generation of the product.
D) In a product life cycle, the mature stage is followed by the embryonic stage.
Q:
An operational goal of total quality management is ensuring that the organization's systems will never produce a defective product or service.
Q:
Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding the growth stage of a product life cycle?
A) The growth stage of a product life cycle comes after the maturity stage.
B) During the growth stage, demand for a product is typically replacement demand because incremental innovation has resulted in a new generation of the product.
C) In a product life cycle, the growth stage is followed by the embryonic stage.
D) During the growth stage, many consumers buy the product for the first time.
Q:
An operational goal of total quality management is ensuring that the organization's systems can consistently produce the product or service as it is designed.
Q:
In the ________ stage of the life cycle of a product, many consumers enter the market and buy the product for the first time.
A) embryonic
B) growth
C) mature
D) decline
Q:
An operational goal of total quality management is the careful design of the product or service.
Q:
The ________ stage in a product life cycle begins when market demand peaks because most customers have already bought the product.
A) embryonic
B) growth
C) mature
D) decline
Q:
One SPC tool used in total quality management is the Pareto chart.
Q:
Mobile computing devices, such as smartphones and tablet computers, are currently in the ________ stage of the product life cycle.
A) embryonic
B) growth
C) mature
D) decline
Q:
One SPC tool used in total quality management is the run chart.
Q:
Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding the embryonic stage of a product life cycle?
A) During the embryonic stage, a product becomes technologically obsolete due to the introduction of an alternative superior product.
B) A product in an embryonic stage has yet to gain widespread acceptance.
C) A Walkman is an example of a product that is currently in the embryonic stage.
D) The embryonic stage comes after the growth stage in a product life cycle.
Q:
TQM is an acronym meaning "total quality measurement".
Q:
A ________ organization is one in which innovation is going on at all hierarchical levels and across all functions and divisions.
A) knowledge-creating
B) collateral
C) mechanistic
D) boundaryless
Q:
TQM was defined in the textbook as managing the entire organization so that it excels on all dimensions of products and services that are important to the customer.
Q:
________ are entrepreneurs inside an organization who are responsible for the success or failure of a project.
A) Free riders
B) Whistle-blowers
C) Boundary spanners
D) Intrapreneurs
Q:
Which of the following types of property rights is typically used to protect the name of a product and any symbols or logos associated with it?A) patentB) trademarkC) copyrightD) industrial design right
Q:
One of the most important aspects of any quality improvement program is clearly signaling to everyone in the organization that quality is important. How was that emphasized in the text?
Q:
What is benchmarking and why do companies do it?
Q:
What is the difference between the concepts of design quality and conformance quality?
Q:
________ are typically granted to people who create intellectual property, such as written or visual works such as books, videogames, poems, and songs.
A) Industrial design rights
B) Trademarks
C) Patents
D) Copyrights
Q:
Kaizen is another term for what activity?
Q:
A patent is valid for a period of ________ years from the date the patent is issued by the U.S. Patent Office.
A) 5
B) 10
C) 20
D) 50
Q:
Six-sigma programs believe that each step in a process is an opportunity to produce defects. These programs seek to reduce defects by working on processes to reduce what measure of output?
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding quantum innovation?
A) Quantum innovations result due to improvements that are continuously made to particular technologies over time.
B) Total quality management (TQM) is an example of a quantum innovation.
C) As compared to incremental innovations, quantum innovations are more likely to cause major changes in an environment.
D) According to Anderson and Tushman, as compared to quantum innovation, incremental innovations are more likely to cause technological discontinuities.
Q:
The Shingo system of quality control relies heavily on fail-safe procedures or devices called what?
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding an incremental innovation?
A) An incremental innovation results due to a fundamental shift in technology that revolutionizes products or the way in which they are produced.
B) As compared to quantum innovations, incremental innovations are more likely to cause major changes in an environment.
C) Total quality management (TQM) is an example of an incremental innovation.
D) According to Philip Anderson and Michael Tushman, technological discontinuities result due to incremental innovation.
Q:
The idea that statistical methods of quality control, including six-sigma, only reduce the likelihood of defects not prevent them is central to what alternative quality system?
Q:
Intel's Pentium chip is an example of a(n) ________ innovation.
A) mimetic
B) incremental
C) normative
D) quantum
Q:
Why were ISO-9000 standards developed?
Q:
What are expenditures related to achieving product or service quality including the costs of appraisal and prevention of defects called?
Q:
________ technological change refers to the improvements that are continuously made to particular technologies over time.
A) Quantum
B) Normative
C) Incremental
D) Mimetic
Q:
When a qualified national or international standards body or similar certifying agency audits and certifies that a company is ISO-9000 compliant, the form of certification is called what?
Q:
________ technological change refers to a fundamental shift in technology that revolutionizes products or the way in which they are produced.
A) Normative
B) Quantum
C) Mimetic
D) Incremental
Q:
The National Quality Award in the United States is named what?
Q:
According to Anderson and Tushman, a technological discontinuity is a(n) ________.
A) incremental innovation
B) unprofitable new product
C) quantum innovation
D) obsolete product
Q:
The introduction in 1971 of Intel's 4004 microprocessor, the first "computer on a chip" ever produced, is an example of a(n) ________ innovation.
A) normative
B) quantum
C) mimetic
D) incremental
Q:
Which of the following tools uses a graphical representation of the production process to suggest potential sources of process variation?
A. Process flow diagram
B. Check sheet
C. Pareto chart
D. Histogram
E. Run chart
Q:
What percentage of R&D projects result in products that get to market?
A) 1 to 9
B) 12 to 20
C) 24 to 32
D) 33 to 40