Accounting
Anthropology
Archaeology
Art History
Banking
Biology & Life Science
Business
Business Communication
Business Development
Business Ethics
Business Law
Chemistry
Communication
Computer Science
Counseling
Criminal Law
Curriculum & Instruction
Design
Earth Science
Economic
Education
Engineering
Finance
History & Theory
Humanities
Human Resource
International Business
Investments & Securities
Journalism
Law
Management
Marketing
Medicine
Medicine & Health Science
Nursing
Philosophy
Physic
Psychology
Real Estate
Science
Social Science
Sociology
Special Education
Speech
Visual Arts
Business Development
Q:
A network structure increases the cost of production.
Q:
A network structure is a cluster of different organizations whose actions are coordinated by contracts and agreements, rather than by a formal hierarchy of authority.
Q:
Matrix structures are a principal form of organic structure.
Q:
One problem with the matrix structure is that employees must report to two different superiors.
Q:
Employee roles are clearly defined in a matrix structure.
Q:
A product team structure is a divisional structure in which divisions are organized according to the requirements of the different locations in which an organization operates.
Q:
A product division structure is more decentralized than a product team structure.
Q:
A product team structure is more decentralized than a functional structure.
Q:
The more centralized an organization, the more of a problem communication will be.
Q:
Multidivisional structures tend to be the tallest of all organizational structures.
Q:
Use of multidivisional structure avoids duplication of organizational activities.
Q:
In a multidivisional structure, corporate headquarters can identify the divisions in which an investment of capital will yield the highest returns.
Q:
What is management by objectives?
Q:
List the six bureaucratic principles developed by Max Weber.
Q:
Discuss the significance of decentralization.
Q:
Define span of control. What are the various factors that affect the span of control?
Q:
What is the principle of minimum chain of command?
Q:
Discuss the Parkinson's law problem.
Q:
What are the various problems with tall hierarchies?
Q:
What is the major difference between a tall organization and a flat organization?
Q:
Discuss the significance of direct supervision.
Q:
What are the two things that an organization can do to improve its ability to control?
Q:
________ teams are work groups consisting of people from different work areas who are empowered to direct and coordinate different projects.
A) Contingent
B) Transactional
C) Cross-functional
D) Transitory
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding contingent workers?
A) Contingent workers are highly useful in developing core competences.
B) Contingent workers receive indirect benefits such as health insurance or pensions.
C) Coordinating and motivating contingent workers is difficult.
D) Contingent workers increase operating costs.
Q:
________ is the process of giving employees throughout the organization the authority to make important decisions and to be responsible for their outcomes.
A) Empowerment
B) Value engineering
C) Operant conditioning
D) Reciprocal logrolling
Q:
________ teams are formal work groups consisting of people who are jointly responsible for ensuring that the team accomplishes its goals and who are empowered to lead themselves.
A) Transitory
B) Contingent
C) Self-managed
D) Transactional
Q:
Which of the following is one of the important trends that is accelerating as the result of advances in IT?
A) conducting classroom training for newly hired employees
B) using self-managed teams
C) using a highly centralized organizational structure
D) using a tall organizational hierarchy with several levels
Q:
In the case of a bureaucracy, if managers fail to control the development of the organizational hierarchy properly then the organization is most likely to become ________.
A) flexible
B) decentralized
C) unresponsive to the needs of customers
D) very flat
Q:
Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of a bureaucratic structure?
A) stagnation
B) role conflict
C) lack of standard operating procedures
D) role ambiguity
Q:
Bureaucracy ________.
A) hinders integration within the organization
B) increases transaction costs
C) separates the position from the person
D) hinders a companys ability to compete in the marketplace against other organizations for scarce resources
Q:
Weber's principles can help a CEO with his or her responsibility for ________.
A) selecting the top-management team
B) designing the organizational hierarchy
C) allocating resources to divisions
D) determining the goals of an organization
Q:
Which of the following types of organizations is most likely to be characterized by clearly defined roles, decision-making authority, rules, and standard operating procedures?
A) an organic organization
B) a bureaucratic organization
C) a flat organization
D) a vertically differentiated organization
Q:
Which of the following characteristics of an organization is recommended by Weber's principles of bureaucratic structure?
A) loosely defined roles
B) a small span of control
C) use of standard operating procedures
D) decentralization
Q:
Bob and Amy are simply instructed to attract new clients, but are not given specific guidelines regarding how to accomplish this goal. Because they work for a conservative company, they are afraid to take risks. Bob and Amy are experiencing a role ________.
A) ambiguity
B) conflict
C) divergence
D) contravention
Q:
Role ________ occurs when a person's tasks or authority are not clearly defined and the person becomes afraid to act on or take authority for anything.
A) conflict
B) ambiguity
C) struggle
D) divergence
Q:
Joe, an accountant, works for Jack and Judy. Jack told Joe to use the straight-line method for calculating depreciation, and Judy told Joe to use the double-declining-balance method to compute depreciation. Joe is experiencing a role ________.
A) divergence
B) ambiguity
C) conflict
D) contravention
Q:
Role ________ occurs when two or more people have different views of what another person should do, and as a result, make opposing demands on the person.
A) conflict
B) divergence
C) contravention
D) ambiguity
Q:
Which of the following statements is true according to Weber's principles of bureaucratic structure?
A) Classroom training should be given to all the employees to improve their theoretical knowledge.
B) In a stable environment, an organization should use a centralized organizational structure with narrow spans of control.
C) A role's task responsibility and decision-making authority should be clearly specified.
D) A 360 degrees appraisal should be conducted for all the employees at least twice a year.
Q:
According to Weber's principles of bureaucratic structure, the authority a person possesses results from ________.
A) the person's social status
B) the position of the person in the organization
C) the educational qualification of the person
D) the person's charisma
Q:
With reference to Weber's principles of bureaucratic structure, which of the following terms refers to the authority a person possesses because of his or her position in an organization?
A) rational-legal authority
B) transactional authority
C) charismatic authority
D) transformational authority
Q:
Which of the following is one of Weber's bureaucratic principles?
A) A tall organization should use a decentralized organizational structure and narrow span of control.
B) In order to decrease environmental complexity, an organization should centralize its operations.
C) Organizational roles are held on the basis of technical competence.
D) Employees should be allowed to participate in decision-making.
Q:
Weber's bureaucratic model is based on ________ authority.
A) traditional
B) elected
C) rational-legal
D) charismatic
Q:
________, a German sociologist, developed bureaucratic organizing principles that underlie effective organizational structure.
A) Frederick Herzberg
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Max Weber
D) Daniel Bell
Q:
Which of the following terms refers to a form of organizational structure in which people can be held accountable for their actions because they are required to act in accordance with well-specified and agreed-upon rules and standard operating procedures?
A) an organic organization
B) a bureaucracy
C) a matrix organization
D) an autocracy
Q:
Standardization ________.
A) enables a manager to increase his or her span of control
B) makes it necessary to increase the number of levels in the hierarchy
C) increases the need for direct supervision
D) can be used only in a highly centralized organization
Q:
Which of the following is most likely to be the effect of standardization?
A) The actions of the employees become predictable.
B) Managers span of control decreases.
C) The number of levels in the hierarchy increases.
D) The need for division of labor decreases.
Q:
Which of the following actions most likely enables even a relatively tall structure to be more flexible in its responses to changes in the external environment?
A) promoting downward communication and discouraging upward communication
B) increasing the specialization and division of labor
C) increasing vertical differentiation
D) decentralizing authority
Q:
Which of the following is the most direct effect of decentralization?
A) the time required to make decisions increases
B) the flexibility of the organization decreases
C) the specific environment of the organization gets stabilized
D) the monitoring burden on top managers is reduced
Q:
When authority is ________, the authority to make significant decisions is delegated to people throughout the hierarchy, not concentrated at the top.
A) standardized
B) formalized
C) decentralized
D) differentiated
Q:
As the hierarchy of an organization becomes taller, ________.
A) the number of managers decreases drastically
B) the process of coordination gets simplified
C) the complexity of the organization's specific environment increases
D) managers begin to spend more and more time monitoring and supervising their subordinates
Q:
Which of the following factors is most likely to increase vertical differentiation within an organization because it leads to the creation of many subunit hierarchies within the organization?
A) increasing level of formalization
B) increasing employee empowerment
C) increasing horizontal differentiation
D) increasing upward communication but decreasing downward communication
Q:
Usually, Sales has a relatively ________ hierarchy because supervisors use ________.
A) flat; centralization
B) flat; standardization
C) tall; centralization
D) tall; standardization
Q:
Which of the following functions will most likely have the tallest hierarchy?
A) Manufacturing
B) Sales
C) R&D
D) Accounting
Q:
When there are limits on the usefulness of direct, personal supervision by managers, organizations have to find other ways to control their activities. In such a situations, which of the following, typically, is the first step taken by the organizations?
A) decreasing the level of standardization
B) increasing the level of horizontal differentiation
C) increasing the division of labor
D) increasing the span of control
Q:
A manager associated with which of the following entities is most likely to have the widest span of control?
A) a plant that produces hammers
B) a science lab that does complex genetic research
C) a plant that manufactures airplanes
D) an R&D department in a drug manufacturing company
Q:
Under which of the following situations is it easier to increase the span of control?
A) The tasks are routine.
B) The tasks are complex.
C) The tasks are highly interrelated.
D) The tasks need to be performed by highly skilled professionals.
Q:
It is more difficult to increase the span of control when ________.
A) tasks are routine or similar
B) tasks are highly interrelated
C) the structure of the organization is highly decentralized
D) the organization operates in a stable environment
Q:
Which of the following is most likely to happen if the span of control is too wide?
A) The speed of decision-making will increase.
B) The number of managers at the higher levels in the hierarchy will be more than the number of managers at the lower levels in the hierarchy.
C) The division of labor will be too low.
D) Subordinates will shirk responsibility.
Q:
Which of the following is one of the ways in which an organization can avoid becoming too tall yet maintain effective control of its workforce?
A) encouraging upward communication but discouraging downward communication
B) conducting 360 degrees appraisal of the employees
C) increasing its managers' span of control
D) increasing the number of levels in the hierarchy
Q:
Which of the following terms refers to the number of subordinates a manager directly supervises?
A) span of control
B) chain of authority
C) degree of standardization
D) level of centralization
Q:
Rose supervises Iris, who in turn supervises Violet and Daisy. Violet has four subordinates and Daisy has six. Which of the following options represents the accurate spans of control for each of these supervisors?
A) Rose 13, Iris 2, Violet 4, Daisy 6
B) Rose 13, Iris 12, Violet 4, Daisy 6
C) Rose 1, Iris 2, Violet 4, Daisy 6
D) Rose 3, Iris 12, Violet 4, Daisy 6
Q:
As compared to a tall organization, an organization with a flat structure is most likely to experience ________.
A) more communication problems
B) fewer motivation problems
C) fewer benefits of economies of scope
D) higher bureaucratic costs
Q:
According to the principle of ________, an organization should choose the minimum number of hierarchical levels consistent with its goals and the environment in which it operates.
A) economies of scope
B) minimum chain of command
C) unity of direction
D) horizontal differentiation
Q:
According to the principle of minimum chain of command, ________.
A) managers seek to increase the number of their subordinates so as to improve their status in the organization
B) an organization should be kept as flat as possible
C) the use of functional organizational structure improves the speed of decision-making
D) an increase in the number of hierarchical levels leads to an increase in the bureaucratic costs
Q:
The ________ states that work expands to fill the time available.
A) Parkinson's law
B) principle of the minimum chain of command
C) Gissel doctrine
D) Bradford's law
Q:
Which of the following observations made by Parkinson led to the development of the Parkinson's law?
A) A division of labor increases efficiency.
B) As the number of levels in the hierarchy increases, the quality of the communication improves.
C) The use of flat organization structure improves the motivation of the employees.
D) Managers seek to increase the number of their subordinates.
Q:
Which of the following is most likely to increase the bureaucratic costs?
A) changing the organization structure from functional to divisional
B) decreasing the number of managers
C) increasing the number of hierarchical levels
D) decreasing the level of standardization
Q:
Adding more managers to a company is most likely to result in ________.
A) increase in the degree of centralization
B) flattening of the organizational structure
C) higher bureaucratic costs
D) decrease in the number of hierarchical levels
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding a flat organization?
A) A flat organization has more managers than a tall organization.
B) The flatter the organization, the less motivated are the employees.
C) Managers of a flat organization possess relatively more authority than those of a tall organization.
D) A flat organization has more hierarchical levels than a tall organization.
Q:
As ________, the relative difference in the authority possessed by managers at each level in the organizational hierarchy decreases.
A) the number of shareholders of an organization decreases
B) the number of levels in the hierarchy increases
C) the total number of employees in the organization decreases
D) the degree of centralization of the organizational structure increases
Q:
As the number of hierarchical levels increases, ________.
A) the degree of formalization decreases
B) the possibility that the information will be distorted decreases
C) the degree of decentralization increases
D) communication problems get progressively worse
Q:
Research evidence suggests that an organization with 3,000 employees is most likely to have ________ levels in its hierarchy.
A) five
B) six
C) seven
D) nine
Q:
An organization that has few levels in its hierarchy relative to its size is known as a ________ organization.
A) tall
B) flat
C) formalized
D) standardized
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding organizational structure?
A) As the number of levels in the hierarchy increases, the relative difference in the authority possessed by managers at each level increases.
B) Most organizations have the same number of managers at all levels in the organization.
C) As the number of hierarchical levels increases, the number of communication problems decreases.
D) Most organizations have a pyramid-like structure and fewer and fewer managers at each level up in the hierarchy.
Q:
As an organization grows, ________.
A) an increase in the number of managers is more than proportional to the increase in size
B) an increase in the number of managers is less than proportional to the increase in size
C) an increase in the number of managers is proportional to the increase in size
D) the number of managers remains constant
Q:
Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding a tall organization?
A) A tall organization has few levels in its hierarchy relative to its size.
B) Generally organizations with less than 1000 employees have tall structures.
C) A tall organization has more managers to direct and control employees' activities than does a flat organization with the same number of employees.
D) The taller an organization, the more decentralized are its operations.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding direct supervision?
A) Direct supervision allows managers to ensure that subordinate are not hiding any crucial information.
B) The method of direct supervision is more effective in flat rather than tall organizations.
C) Direct supervision is not suitable for on-the-job task learning.
D) The method of direct supervision is more effective in organic rather than in inorganic structure.
Q:
Which of the following is most likely to be done by an organization to improve its ability to control its members and influence their behavior?
A) increase the use of self-managed team
B) increase employee empowerment
C) increase the number of levels in its managerial hierarchy
D) increase the extent of decentralization
Q:
An organization in which the hierarchy has many levels relative to the size of the organization is a(n) ________ organization.
A) tall
B) flat
C) decentralized
D) organic
Q:
Contingent workers do not receive indirect benefits such as health insurance or pensions.