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Q:
Managers began to look at how systems theory related to organizations in this decade.
A) 1940s
B) 1950s
C) 1960s
D) 1980s
Q:
Which of the following is a key element of total quality management (TQM)?
A) responding to customer needs
B) responding to employee needs
C) anticipating moves of competitors
D) anticipating employee needs
Q:
One of the key components of total quality management (TQM) is a focus on ________ improvement.
A) gradual
B) dramatic
C) continual
D) meaningful
Q:
Which of the following is most closely associated with the work of W. Edwards Deming?
A) total quality management
B) the Hawthorne studies
C) the general administrative theory
D) the human relations movement
Q:
These organizations were the first to employ the ideas of quality experts such as W. Edwards Deming and Joseph M. Duran.
A) Japanese companies
B) Chinese companies
C) American companies
D) Canadian companies
Q:
The "Whiz Kids" applied statistical methods to management at ________.
A) the Western Electric Company
B) the Ford Motor Company
C) IBM
D) the Sony Corporation
Q:
Many techniques in the quantitative approach to management were borrowed from ________.
A) computer models
B) the physical sciences
C) the military
D) biological science
Q:
The quantitative approach to management was largely used to improve ________.
A) productivity
B) efficiency
C) decision making
D) planning
Q:
Which of the following is NOT included as part of the quantitative approach to management?
A) statistics
B) optimization models
C) organizational behavior
D) computer simulations
Q:
A problem with the theories of both Maslow and McGregor is that they ________.
A) made no intuitive sense
B) focused exclusively on fear as a motivating factor
C) were never questioned by researchers
D) were never supported by empirical research
Q:
Which person was best known for developing Theory X and Theory Y?
A) Douglas McGregor
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Robert Owen
D) Elton Mayo
Q:
Maslow felt that once a need was satisfied, it ________.
A) made people very happy
B) motivated people strongly to maintain the need
C) made people lazy
D) stopped being a motivating factor for people
Q:
Which person was best known for developing the hierarchy of needs theory?
A) Elton Mayo
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Hugo Munsterberg
D) Douglas McGregor
Q:
Which of the following is most closely associated with making the workplace more humane?
A) the classical approaches
B) the human relations movement
C) the Hawthorne studies
D) the general administrative theory
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a topic that is addressed by organizational behavior research?
A) motivation
B) managing conflict
C) demand forecasts
D) establishing trust
Q:
A manager might turn to organizational behavior research when he or she has problems ________.
A) controlling costs
B) with budgets
C) with scheduling
D) building employee trust
Q:
Organizational behavior (OB) uses ________ experiments to find out how and why people behave in certain ways.
A) nontheoretical
B) animal
C) laboratory
D) empirical
Q:
Prior to the Hawthorne studies, managers paid little attention to the role of ________ in making decisions.
A) productivity
B) human behavior
C) efficiency
D) cost control
Q:
A conclusion that engineers from the Hawthorne studies made was that people behave ________ when they are being observed.
A) differently
B) consistently
C) naturally
D) comfortably
Q:
From the Hawthorne studies' results, you might predict that the performance of a poor performing individual might ________ when he or she joins a high performing group.
A) increase
B) decrease
C) not change
D) become erratic
Q:
This was one of the conclusions of the Hawthorne studies engineers.
A) Group pressure can affect individual productivity.
B) Group pressure has no effect on individual productivity.
C) Light levels can affect individual productivity.
D) Noise levels can affect individual productivity.
Q:
The Hawthorne studies engineers found that brighter light levels in the factory ________ productivity.
A) dramatically increased
B) had no consistent effect on
C) decreased
D) slightly increased
Q:
The organizers of the Hawthorne studies expected worker productivity to be proportional to ________ in the factory.
A) light intensity levels
B) pay rates
C) temperature levels
D) noise levels
Q:
A good model for Mary Parker Follett's view of a successful organization might be ________.
A) a movie theater audience
B) a state legislature
C) a beehive
D) a college classroom
Q:
Mary Parker Follett felt that an organization functioned best when employees had a strong sense of this.
A) individual independence
B) group ethic
C) autonomy
D) self-confidence
Q:
Hugo Munsterberg suggested that psychological tests could be helpful in ________ for an organization.
A) finding customers
B) selecting employees
C) firing employees
D) selecting advertisements
Q:
Mary Parker Follett's work was devoted to identifying differences in the way individuals behaved when they were ________.
A) under stress
B) discriminated against
C) lacking in resources
D) in groups
Q:
________ felt that managers could learn how to motivate workers better by studying basic human behavior.
A) Mary Parker Follett
B) Hugo Munsterberg
C) Robert Owen
D) Douglas McGregor
Q:
Robert Owen, Mary Parker Follett, and Hugo Munsterberg wrote extensively about how important ________ to an organization's success.
A) people are
B) top-level managers are
C) resources are
D) financial backing is
Q:
What inspired Robert Owen to devote efforts into creating a safer workplace?
A) possible profit from factories
B) articles in the newspaper
C) deplorable factory conditions
D) greedy factory owners
Q:
Robert Owen tried to develop ________ to improve the workplace conditions in factories.
A) managerial scheduling methods
B) what he termed the idealistic workplace
C) general administrative theory
D) industrial psychology
Q:
Max Weber felt this was an ideal form of organization.
A) a democracy
B) a work group
C) a bureaucracy
D) a meritocracy
Q:
Fayol's principle of ________ refers to how to build harmony and unity in an organization.
A) centralization
B) equity
C) order
D) esprit de corps
Q:
Fayol's principle of ________ refers to how extensively employees participate in decision making.
A) discipline
B) remuneration
C) initiative
D) authority
Q:
Fayol's principle of ________ refers to how extensively employees participate in decision making in an organization.
A) division of labor
B) centralization
C) order
D) equity
Q:
Fayol's principle of ________ states that employees in an organization should be fairly compensated for their labor.
A) remuneration
B) discipline
C) authority
D) unity of command
Q:
Fayol's principle of ________ states that an employee in an organization should answer to only one superior.
A) authority
B) unity of command
C) equity
D) centralization
Q:
According to Henri Fayol, the principle of ________ requires employees to respect the rules of their organization.
A) equity
B) remuneration
C) discipline
D) order
Q:
According to Henri Fayol, the principle of ________ gives managers the right to give orders.
A) discipline
B) centralization
C) order
D) authority
Q:
Cheaper by the Dozen is a book about this topic.
A) efficiency in bulk buying
B) life in a large family
C) the rise of Japanese manufacturing
D) the theory of pricing
Q:
Henry Gantt developed graphical methods to help managers with ________ problems.
A) discipline
B) scheduling
C) leadership
D) decision-making
Q:
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were best known in management circles for ________.
A) time-and-motion studies
B) industrial psychology
C) the Fourteen Principles of Management
D) scientific management
Q:
________ is the originator of the Principles of Management.
A) Henri Fayol
B) Max Weber
C) Hugo Munsterberg
D) Henry Gantt
Q:
Max Weber helped ________.
A) develop the idea of the idealistic workplace
B) develop general administrative theory
C) develop scientific management
D) carry out time-and-motion studies
Q:
Frederick W. Taylor is most closely associated with which of the following?
A) general administrative theory
B) time-and-motion studies
C) idealistic workplace
D) scientific management
Q:
Job specialization entails breaking down a complex job into ________.
A) five key components
B) broad general categories
C) simple, narrow repetitive tasks
D) nonrepeating tasks
Q:
Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations was first published in the same ________ as the Declaration of Independence.
A) city
B) year
C) publishing house
D) country
Q:
Real world studies have shown that division of labor ________.
A) results in dramatic, permanent productivity increases
B) has drawbacks
C) has no drawbacks
D) works only in very small organizations
Q:
Early proponents of division of labor made claims that it could dramatically ________.
A) improve employee morale
B) increase sales
C) increase quality
D) increase productivity
Q:
________ was a strong proponent of division of labor.
A) Max Weber
B) Frederick W. Taylor
C) Adam Smith
D) Henry Gantt
Q:
What we call job specialization today was termed this in the eighteenth century.
A) hierarchy
B) job sharing
C) division of work
D) division of labor
Q:
The size and scope of Industrial Revolution factories made such things as ________ necessary for companies.
A) materials
B) hierarchical organization
C) supplies
D) revenues and costs
Q:
The most important pre-twentieth century development in management was the ________.
A) Industrial Revolution
B) personal computer
C) building of the Brooklyn Bridge
D) American Revolution
Q:
The Industrial Revolution made ________ necessary for manufacturing organization's success for the first time in history.
A) decentralization
B) customer satisfaction
C) product demand
D) management
Q:
Industrial Revolution factories needed accurate demand forecasts to avoid making ________ products.
A) too few
B) too many
C) too many or too few
D) too large or too small
Q:
In a short essay, describe how the contingency variable of environmental uncertainty might affect management style
Q:
The Industrial Revolution is largely credited with ushering in the birth of ________.
A) the corporation
B) fair pay for workers
C) craftsmanship
D) fair treatment for workers
Q:
Q:
Evidence that managers in the fifteenth-century Venetian shipbuilding facility were interested in keeping track of materials is best shown by which of the following?
A) an accounting system
B) an assembly line
C) an inventory system
D) wine breaks for employees
Q:
In a short essay, describe how the contingency variable of organization size might affect management style.
Q:
Evidence that managers in the fifteenth-century Venetian shipbuilding facility were interested in controlling costs is best shown by which of the following?
A) inventory systems
B) warehouses for materials
C) wine breaks for employees
D) an accounting system
Q:
Q:
Evidence that managers in the fifteenth-century Venetian shipbuilding facility were interested in job satisfaction is best shown by which of the following?
A) inventory systems
B) warehouses for materials
C) wine breaks for employees
D) an accounting system
Q:
Q:
The "floating assembly line" in Venice operated ________.
A) centuries before the Industrial Revolution
B) during the Industrial Revolution
C) shortly after the Industrial Revolution
D) long after the Industrial Revolution
Q:
In a short essay, describe the Hawthorne studies and how they were interpreted.
Q:
The shipbuilding facility in fifteenth-century Venice resembled ________.
A) an auto assembly line
B) how Silicon Valley workers design new software
C) how handmade sweaters are knitted
D) how a chef makes a superb pasta dish
Q:
In a short essay, identify the principles of management identified by Henri Fayol that are most important for efficiency and productivity of the entire organization.
Q:
Convincing the ministers who controlled money and resources in ancient Egypt that building a pyramid was worth the effort is evidence of which management function?
A) planning
B) organizing
C) monitoring
D) leading
Q:
In a short essay, identify the principles of management identified by Henri Fayol that are most important for the satisfaction and welfare of employees.
Q:
Making sure that a pyramid is built on time and according to plan is evidence of which management function?
A) planning
B) organizing
C) monitoring
D) leading
Q:
Q:
Successfully designing a 450-foot-tall pyramid is primarily evidence of which management function?
A) planning
B) organizing
C) monitoring
D) leading
Q:
Q:
Getting 100,000 workers to work together to build an enormous pyramid is evidence of which management function?
A) planning
B) organizing
C) monitoring
D) budgeting
Q:
Q:
Proof that the pyramids were well-managed projects can be seen in the fact that they ________.
A) are famous the world over
B) are unique
C) have lasted thousands of years
D) were built in a desert land
Q:
Q:
How many workers were involved in building a single Egyptian pyramid?
A) millions
B) tens of millions
C) about 50,000
D) about 100,000
Q: