Q&A Hero

Business Development

Q: A manager who twists facts to make change seem less disruptive is using the technique of coercion.
Q: Education is a good way to overcome resistance to change due to misinformation.
Q: Negotiation twists and distorts facts to reduce resistance to change.
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Q: One reason people resist change is that it goes against our habits.
Q: When a manager attempts to covertly influence others by distorting the facts he is using which of the following methods of reducing resistance to change?A) manipulationB) educationC) coercionD) negotiation
Q: Which method of reducing resistance to change is most likely to backfire on the manager who uses it?A) education and communicationB) negotiationC) participationD) manipulation
Q: When managers threaten to fire workers unless they agree to go along with new company policies, they are using which of the following?A) negotiationB) coercionC) manipulationD) education and communication
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Q: A technique that helps employees deal with change that includes them in the decision-making process is ________.A) education and communicationB) negotiationC) participationD) coercion
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Q: Which of the following is NOT a common reason that people resist change?A) habitB) uncertaintyC) concern over personal lossD) overconfidence
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Q: In a short essay, explain organization development (OD).
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Q: In a short essay, identify and discuss how internal forces can bring about the need for an organization to change.
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Q: One important reason why organization development efforts are needed is that even planned change can be very upsetting to members of an organization.
Q: Organization development (OD) consists of efforts to help organization members deal with unplanned changes.
Q: The number of managers who face "white-water rapids" metaphor conditions is getting smaller.
Q: In the "white-water rapids" metaphor of change, managers should expect change at any time, and it may last for unspecified lengths of time.
Q: The main idea of the "white-water rapids" metaphor is that change is always destructive.
Q: In Lewin's view, the only way to effect change is to increase the driving forces that direct change away from the status quo.
Q: Kurt Lewin sees the first step in change as the freezing of the status quo.
Q: The "calm waters" metaphor imagines the organization as a large ship crossing a calm sea.
Q: Consultants are less likely to be change agents than internal managers.
Q: In an organization, only a manager can be a change agent.
Q: The decision of an organization to bring in new equipment from the outside is an example of an external force that creates a need for organizational change.
Q: Labor markets are an internal force that creates a need for organizational change.
Q: New online advertising technology is an external force that creates a need for organizational change when it causes a company to change its advertising strategy.
Q: An aggressive new competitor in the marketplace is an external force that creates a need for organizational change that companies frequently face today.
Q: An example of changes in people would involve a manager widening her span of control.
Q: Ongoing changes like software updates are not considered changes in technology because they are changes that are planned and expected.
Q: A company changing its computer operating system would not be an example of a technology change because no new technological equipment was used.
Q: An example of a change in structure is an organization becoming more decentralized.
Q: Change is something that managers strive to eliminate completely.
Q: Organizational change can be any alteration in an organization's people, structure, or technology.
Q: The primary goal of the OD method called teambuilding is to ________. A) increase efficiency B) increase trust and openness C) identify troublemakers D) play games such as volleyball to build morale
Q: In process consultation, ________ observe and analyze an organization to find ways to improve interpersonal processes. A) outside consultants B) top-level managers C) ordinary employees D) company efficiency specialists
Q: Which of the following is NOT a common method of organization development (OD)? A) teambuilding B) process consultation C) positive feedback D) survey feedback
Q: The most popular OD efforts involve cooperation and these kinds of activities. A) individual interactions B) group interactions C) group assessment D) individual assessment
Q: Organization development can be viewed as an attempt to change an organization's ________. A) structure B) financial goals C) culture D) status
Q: Organization development (OD) helps employees ________. A) deal with planned change B) deal with unplanned change C) avoid unpleasant change D) avoid all types of change
Q: Signing up for a college course that varies in length from 2 to 30 weeks with classes that last from 20 minutes to 3 hours is an example of which metaphor of change? A) Three step model B) Calm-waters C) White-water rapids D) Force-field
Q: In terms of change, Lewin's force field analysis might see ________ as a driving force. A) fear of change B) inertia C) reward from change D) difficulty of change
Q: Lewin's force field analysis identified ________ forces that compete when people try to achieve a goal. A) physical push-and-pull B) driving and blocking C) enormous D) magnetic
Q: Kurt Lewin originated some of his most important group dynamics ideas by studying which of the following? A) family vacations during World War I B) force fields in physics C) how football has blocking and driving forces D) family food habits during World War II
Q: Writing laws to reward industries to reduce carbon emissions in an effort to combat global climate change can be best described as an example of which of the following? A) unfreezing the status quo B) freezing a change into place C) implementing change D) refreezing the status quo
Q: Which phenomenon in today's business climate has made the "white-water rapids" metaphor popular? A) reduced competition B) corporations that are too powerful C) organizations that resist change D) constant and chaotic change
Q: Today, Lewin's "calm waters" metaphor is increasingly thought to be ________. A) illogical B) an apt description of the current situation C) a blueprint for the future D) obsolete
Q: The goal in Lewin's "calm waters" metaphor is ________. A) to change the current equilibrium state B) to reach a state of constant change C) to eliminate the equilibrium state D) to establish a new equilibrium state
Q: According to Lewin, which of the following is the best way to unfreeze the status quo? A) increase restraining forces B) decrease restraining forces and increase driving forces C) decrease driving forces D) increase restraining forces and increase driving forces
Q: According to Lewin, which of the following is the objective of refreezing? A) to stabilize the new situation B) to promote movement away from existing equilibrium C) to eliminate the need for future change D) to direct behavior away from the status quo
Q: According to Lewin, which of the following is a force that might overcome inertia and unfreeze the status quo? A) increase restraining forces B) maintain restraining forces C) decrease driving forces D) increase driving forces
Q: The final step in Lewin's three-step description of the change process is ________. A) freezing the new state B) unfreezing the status quo C) changing to a new state D) unfreezing the new state
Q: The first step in Lewin's three-step description of the change process involves ________. A) freezing the new state B) changing to a new state C) unfreezing the status quo D) changing to a new status quo
Q: Kurt Lewin's "calm waters" metaphor sees change as ________. A) an unusual event B) an everyday event C) unfortunate D) avoidable
Q: The "white-water rapids" metaphor sees change as ________. A) an occasional occurrence B) the natural state of things C) an unpleasant interruption of the normal calm D) something that must be eliminated
Q: The "white-water rapids" metaphor envisions an organization as ________. A) a large ship on a roiling sea B) a large ship on a calm sea C) a small raft on a calm river D) a small raft on a raging river
Q: The "calm waters" metaphor envisions an organization as ________. A) a large ship on a roiling sea B) a large ship on a calm sea C) a small raft on a calm sea D) a small raft on a roiling sea
Q: Outside consultants generally try to initiate ________ changes than internal managers. A) more drastic B) less drastic C) more cautious D) fewer
Q: In organizations, people who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing the change process are called ________. A) managers B) change agents C) change managers D) nonmanagerial employees
Q: Labor strikes are an example of what change factor that may encourage a change in management thinking and practices? A) workforce composition B) equipment C) employee attitude D) strategy
Q: A company's workers asking to be able to celebrate Mexican holidays is an example of ________ force for change. A) an external workforce composition B) an internal workforce composition C) an external tactic D) an internal strategy
Q: After a thorough company-wide self-examination, company Y decides to set up work teams. This is an example of ________. A) an internal change causing an external change B) an internal change causing another internal change C) an external change causing another external change D) an external change causing an internal change
Q: To compete with rival company X, company Y changes its management structure. This is an example of ________. A) an internal change causing an external change B) an internal change causing another internal change C) an external change causing another external change D) an external change causing an internal change
Q: Which of the following is an external force that would cause a company to make an organizational change? A) an organization-wide restructuring B) the naming of a new CEO C) a widening span of control for managers D) a booming economy
Q: Which of the following is an internal force that can cause a company to make an organizational change? A) a new ad campaign B) new safety requirements C) a new rival company D) new pollution laws
Q: Falling interest rates are an example of what kind of external force that causes a company to need to make an organizational change? A) marketplace competition forces B) government laws and regulations C) labor market forces D) economic forces
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