Q&A Hero

Q: (p. 5) The quality by which the pursuit of one value is a good way to reach another value is known as _____. A. intrinsic value B. extrinsic norm C. instrumental value D. traditional norm

Q: (p. 4) Riley was granted the title of Doctor of Medicine by a medical school in Ohio. His parents were extremely happy and content with his achievement. The worth attached to the feelings experienced by Riley's parents is an example of _____. A. an unconventional value B. an intrinsic value C. an instrumental value D. the Golden Rule

Q: (p. 4) _____ can be said to have intrinsic value. A. Money B. A package holiday C. A job offer D. Health

Q: (p. 4) The quality by which a value is a good thing in itself and is pursued for its own sake, whether anything comes from that pursuit or not is called a(n) _____. A. traditional norm B. instrumental value C. extrinsic norm D. intrinsic value

Q: (p. 4) _____ refers to a set of personal principles formalized into a code of behavior. A. Traditional norm B. Value system C. Extrinsic norm D. Utilitarianism

Q: (p. 4) Which of the following is true of morals and values? A. The terms morals and values define a society, and not an individual. B. The term morals is used to refer to an individual while the term values is used in the context of a society. C. The terms morals and values are often used to mean the same thing. D. Values refer to religious judgments while morals refer to coded behavior.

Q: (p. 4) Which of the following will most likely influence the moral standards of an individual? A. Change of government in the individual's home country B. A strict family upbringing C. Attitude of people in the neighboring country D. An opportunity to learn a foreign language

Q: (p. 4) Amanda and Ross have been chosen to go to Ethiopia for their university's International Student Exchange Program. They read about the beliefs, attitudes, practices, norms, traditions, cuisine, and music of Ethiopia to better adapt to the place. Amanda and Ross are reading about the _____ aspect of Ethiopia. A. cultural B. economical C. political D. philosophical

Q: (p. 4) Society refers to a(n): A. environment that does not mention acceptable standard of good and bad behavior. B. closed, confined unit in which people have to follow a distinct religion. C. group of individuals who share similar psychological order and community resources. D. structured community of people bound together by similar traditions and customs.

Q: (p. 4) The field of _____ is the study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard of "right" or "wrong" behavior. A. metaphilosophy B. ethics C. aesthetics D. epistemology

Q: (p. 12) Kohlberg stated that it would be impossible for a person to comprehend the moral issues and dilemmas at a level so far beyond his or her life experience and education.

Q: (p. 12) According to Kohlberg's framework, an individual can jump beyond the next stage of his or her six stages.

Q: (p. 11) The highest level of ethical reasoning is the postconventional level.

Q: (p. 11) In the third stage of Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning, a person is focused on meeting the expectations of friends and coworkers and how something will affect their life.

Q: (p. 11) The third stage of Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning is law-and-order orientation.

Q: (p. 10-11) The last stage of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning is conventional.

Q: (p. 10) At the lowest level of moral development, a person's response to a perception of right and wrong is initially directly linked to the expectation of punishment or reward.

Q: (p. 10) Preconventional is the lowest level of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning.

Q: (p. 10) The process of ethical reasoning involves looking at the available information and then drawing conclusions based on that information in relation to our own ethical standards.

Q: (p. 10) Arthur Dobrin identified 15 questions that one should consider when resolving an ethical dilemma.

Q: (p. 9) The final step in solving an ethical dilemma is to make a decision.

Q: (p. 9) Due to aggressive competition, Amanda feels pressured to copy an assignment from a friend and the Internet to get good grades. She feels the professor would not be able to figure out what she did. With this ethical dilemma, the first thing Amanda must do is analyze her actions without thinking about consequences.

Q: (p. 9) The first step in resolving an ethical dilemma is to analyze the actions.

Q: (p. 9) An ethical dilemma can be resolved with a satisfactory answer to the problem.

Q: (p. 8) The basic assumption of ethical theory is that you as an individual or community are in control of all the factors that influence the choices that you make.

Q: (p. 8) An ethical dilemma is a situation in which there is no obvious right or wrong decision, but rather a right or right answer.

Q: (p. 8) Ethical dilemmas are the study of how ethical theories are put into practice.

Q: (p. 8) Applied ethics is the study of theories related to the Golden Rule.

Q: (p. 7) Ethical relativism is where the traditions of one's society, one's personal opinions, and the circumstances of the present moment define their ethical principles.

Q: (p. 7) The problem with universal ethics is the idea that the ends justify the means.

Q: (p. 6-7) The concept of universal ethics argues that there are certain principles that should apply to a select few ethical judgments.

Q: (p. 6) The problem with utilitarianism is the focus on doing the most good for a select few, such as Adolf Hitler and his idea of launching a national genocide against Jews on the ethical grounds of restoring the Aryan race.

Q: (p. 6) The problem with ethics for the greater good is the idea that the ends justify the means.

Q: (p. 6) Ethics for the greater good is also referred to as utilitarianism.

Q: (p. 6) The problem with virtue ethics is that societies can place different emphasis on different virtues.

Q: (p. 6) Virtue ethics is the concept of living your life according to the similar virtues of different societies.

Q: (p. 6) Every religion in the world shares the Golden Rule.

Q: (p. 6) Do unto others as you would have them do unto you is the Golden Rule.

Q: (p. 5) Rules of appropriate individual behavior represents the idea that the moral standards we develop for ourselves impact our lives on a daily basis in our behavior and other types of decisions we make.

Q: (p. 5) Simple truth is one of the four basic categories of ethics and can be expressed simply as doing the right thing.

Q: (p. 5) Happiness and health are examples of instrumental values that are pursued to reach another value.

Q: (p. 4) An intrinsic value means that the pursuit of one value is a good way to reach another value.

Q: (p. 4) A set of personal principles formalized into a code of behavior refers to a value system.

Q: (p. 4) The terms morals is applied to a society while the term values is used when referring to an individual.

Q: (p. 4) Standards of ethical behavior are absorbed by osmosis as individuals observe the examples, both positive and negative, set by everyone around them.

Q: (p. 4) Individuals acquire their personal moral standards in the same way that they learn the alphabet.

Q: (p. 4) Jason is a high-school senior whose peers are into drugs. He also has a family history of substance abuse. This will have no impact his moral standards.

Q: (p. 4) Moral standards are independent of religious beliefs.

Q: (p. 4) A society is a closed, confined unit in which people have to follow a distinct religion.

Q: (p. 4) The field of ethics is the study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard of "right" or "wrong" behavior.