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Q:
The ______________, which has more than 100 members, is now the leading emissions trading market in the world.
a) Chicago Climate Exchange
b) European Climate Exchange
c) Cap and Trade
d) Kyoto Protocol
e) none of the above
Q:
The program called the ________________, created in 2003 as a national market to manage a voluntary, yet legally binding program for greenhouse gas emissions, closed in 2010 when participants withdrew their support because Congress failed to pass anticipated regulation.
a) Cap and Trade
b) Chicago Climate Exchange
c) European Climate Exchange
d) Kyoto Protocol
e) none of the above
Q:
In 1990, Congress passed Clean Air Act amendments to address the problem of __________, associated with destruction caused by fossil fuels originating from coal-fired power plants.
a) acid rain
b) Cap and Trade
c) CFCs
d) carbon dioxide
e) none of the above
Q:
Emissions trading systems known as _______________ involve federal controls that limit the amount of pollution permitted combined with a market in which businesses can trade licenses to pollute.
a) Cap and Trade
b) Chicago Climate Exchange
c) Kyoto Protocol
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Q:
A landmark climate change conference, held in 1997, produced the _____________, which established a goal of reducing worldwide greenhouse gas emissions.
a) Clean Air Act
b) Endangered Species Act
c) Montreal Protocol
d) Kyoto Protocol
e) none of the above
Q:
In 1987, President Reagan signed the _____________, an international agreement to phase out chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) that erode the ozone.
a) Clean Air Act
b) Endangered Species Act
c) Montreal Protocol
d) Kyoto Protocol
e) none of the above
Q:
The 1980s, under the Reagan administration, was characterized by which of the following approaches to environmental management?
a) "proactive" regulation emphasizing innovation
b) "cooperative" regulation emphasizing free market solutions
c) "adversarial" regulation emphasizing consequences for noncompliance
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Q:
The federal agency charged with protecting human health and safeguarding the natural environment, which also offers compliance assistance websites for business, is known as the _______________.
a) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
b) Clean Air Act (CAA)
c) Triple Bottom Line (TBL)
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Q:
Which of the following regulations, passed during the Nixon era, did not address environmental concerns?
a) Clean Air Act
b) Environmental Protection Agency
c) Clean Water Act
d) Endangered Species Act
e) none of the above
Q:
On April 22, 1970, the first ___________ was held, designed to educate students and others about the need to preserve natural resources and unite environmental organizations around a common cause.
a) Transcendentalist Day
b) Earth Day
c) Walden Movement
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Q:
Rachel Carson's book ______________ is often given credit for being an early, accessible look at how insecticides and pesticides, particularly DDT, could cause long-term harm to fish, wildlife and humans.
a) Walden
b) A Sand County Almanac
c) Silent Spring
d) Americums
e) none of the above
Q:
The movement, identified with essayist Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, called ________________, emphasized the importance of individualism, and that an ideal spiritual state transcended physical existence.a) anthropologismb) transcendentalismc) environmentalismd) pacifisme) none of the above
Q:
Population growth can be considered in terms of _____________ units of analysis, or groups of 350 million people living an American lifestyle.
a) Americum
b) climate change
c) globalized
d) Americanized
e) none of the above
Q:
Greenhouse gas emission is clearly associated with the level of ______________ in a given country.
a) industrialization
b) population
c) solar energy
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Q:
The United States, with just 5 percent of the world's population, accounts for __________ of worldwide carbon dioxide emissions, the greatest contributor to greenhouse gas.
a) five
b) ten
c) fifteen
d) twenty
e) none of the above
Q:
The type of energy a nation uses to fuel its economy is primarily a ____________ decision.
a) cost-benefit analysis
b) political
c) thoughtful
d) impossible
e) uncontroversial
Q:
Rapidly industrializing ____________ has now surpassed the United States as the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases.
a) India
b) China
c) Russia
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Q:
Which of the following are among the competitive advantages of environmental management?
a) cost savings
b) reputational enhancement
c) attracting and retaining quality employees
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Q:
The approach known as the _______________ assesses organizational performance according to three factors: economic, social and environmental performance.
a) green scale
b) transparency index
c) triple bottom line
d) organizational index
e) none of the above
Q:
Discuss the factors research consistently finds as most important to employees when considering what they want out of their work.
Q:
Describe the categories included in Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and provide an example from the organizational context at each level.
Q:
Discuss the steps and advantages involved in the team problem-solving process.
Q:
Describe the different techniques for managing go-getters, fence sitters, and adversarials.
Q:
In successful organizations, profit sharing can replace base pay.
Q:
Daily performance reflections among empowered team members typically lead to redundancy and fatigue.
Q:
Harmony must be preserved for teams to function effectively, even if it is artificial.
Q:
Though employee empowerment is important, it is unwise to delegate any managerial responsibilities and accountabilities.
Q:
Adversarial employees have leadership skills, which if redirected away from the wrong ends, can allow them to become go-getters.
Q:
Empowering all types of employees, "go-getters," "fence-sitters," and "adversarials," is helpful to ensure employee engagement across the organization.
Q:
In the name of fairness, systems designed to control performance should be imposed in the same way throughout the organization.
Q:
The phenomenon Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi refers to as "flow" describes the idea that work can engage one's entire self " mind, body, emotion and spirit.
Q:
Employees are more willing to help coworkers who have heavy workloads or are struggling with work-related problems when they themselves have been treated unfairly and without integrity.
Q:
Correcting low wages is ethical and helps to eliminate job dissatisfaction.
Q:
Better wages motivate employees to work harder and smarter over an extended period of time.
Q:
Higher wages always lead to a more satisfied workplace.
Q:
Generally, employees with a high need for power are motivated by collegial work environments.
Q:
Generally, employees with a high need for achievement are motivated by challenging work.
Q:
Employers must first meet low-level, basic needs before they can address higher-level needs associated with employee engagement.
Q:
The relationship between job satisfaction is quite simple " happy employees always work hard in order to maintain their position.
Q:
Engaged employees are less likely to report ethical misconduct, because they have a strong sense of loyalty to their coworkers.
Q:
Research indicates that top-down, one-way communication and decision-making processes discourage employees from being passive and reactive, rather than proactive.
Q:
Producer, consumer, and employee _________ are an alternative communal way to govern a business and raise capital, and involve pooling capital and resources for mutual benefit.
a) profit sharings
b) ESOPs
c) cooperatives
d) pensions
e) none of the above
Q:
Employee _________ give employees the right to purchase a specific number of company shares at a fixed price by a particular future date, typically ten years.
a) profit sharings
b) stock options
c) pensions
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Q:
Profit sharing has been shown to be associated with all but which of the following?
a) employee cooperation
b) turnover
c) productivity
d) wage disparity
e) profits
Q:
Plans involving ____________, like the Scanlon-type plans, delegate institutional responsibility and accountability for improving operations to employee teams.
a) gainsharing
b) conflict resolution
c) team-building
d) salary caps
e) none of the above
Q:
The technique known as _________ is a particularly powerful team-based management method for aligning different types of employees and uncovering employee and organizational strengths.a) open book managementb) appreciative inquiryc) strategic planningd) problem-solvinge) none of the above
Q:
Open book management is a technique whereby managers share __________________:
a) pay levels for all employees to ensure transparency
b) conflict resolution to ensure effective teamwork
c) financial and operational information to allow employees to make better informed decisions
d) their office space to ensure they are approachable
e) none of the above
Q:
The team ___________ process described in the chapter helps access each member's unique knowledge and helps generate solutions with the highest likelihood of achieving superior performance.a) pinch theoryb) constructive conflictc) problem-solvingd) strategic planninge) none of the above
Q:
The __________ technique is a useful tool for preventing team conflicts from escalating, and involves a 10-step planned reconciliation process.
a) constructive conflict
b) pinch theory
c) solution theory
d) conflict resolution
e) none of the above
Q:
The factor that serves as the foundation for effective team performance is:
a) trust
b) fair pay
c) hierarchy
d) diversity
e) none of the above
Q:
Which of the following is/are not among the characteristics of members of effective teams?a) trust one anotherb) engage in constructive conflictc) always agreed) personally commit to goal accomplishment
Q:
Every work unit is a team or small ____________, which has implications for the way its members work together.
a) community
b) department
c) division
d) function
e) none of the above
Q:
Empowerment techniques include all but which of the following, along with providing employees the authority to make decisions?
a) delegating specific tasks
b) providing access to relevant information
c) consistently close supervision
d) allocating appropriate resources and funds
e) none of the above
Q:
The best way to manage adversarial employees includes ____________ supervision.a) hands-offb) closec) inconsistentd) harshe) none of the above
Q:
Which of the following is/are not among the strategies for managing "go-getter" employees?a) empowermentb) assigning independent work or work with other go-gettersc) close supervisiond) all of the abovee) none of the above
Q:
The type of worker known as an "adversarial" is characterized by which of the following traits?
a) task oriented
b) enjoy working
c) a job is a job
d) meet performance expectations
e) none of the above
Q:
The type of worker known as a "fence-sitter" is characterized by which of the following traits?a) can-do attitudeb) meets performance expectationsc) work is a nuisanced) managers are ignorante) none of the above
Q:
The type of worker known as a "go-getter" is characterized by which of the following traits?
a) task-oriented
b) a job is a job
c) meet performance expectations
d) managers are ignorant
e) none of the above
Q:
Employee _________ refers to giving employees decision-making authority, which can be further solidified with an ownership stake in the organization.
a) empowerment
b) engagement
c) virtue
d) flow
e) none of the above
Q:
Employee _________ refers to an emotional connection to the job task, work unit, or organization.
a) empowerment
b) engagement
c) virtue
d) flow
e) none of the above
Q:
Representing over 25 years of study, the Gallup Organization's data suggests that the single most important factor that talented employees want most from the workplace was:a) high salaryb) family balancec) an excellent managerd) nice colleaguese) none of the above
Q:
According to Lips-Wiersma and Morris, the four sources of meaningful work include serving others, unity with others, _____________, and expressing one's full potential.a) developing and becoming selfb) working independentlyc) working diligentlyd) all of the abovee) none of the above
Q:
____________ work is typically defined as spending time at work to achieve something that is personally desirable.
a) Autonomous
b) Meaningful
c) Just
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Q:
Workplace _________ is defined as repeated verbal abuse or abusive conduct that is threatening, humiliating and intimidating and interferes with work.
a) bullying
b) sexual harassment
c) injustice
d) badgering
e) none of the above
Q:
Which of the following behaviors is/are associated with employee perceptions of organizational injustice?a) deviant and retaliatory behaviors from employeesb) de-motivationc) disengagementd) all of the abovee) none of the above
Q:
___________ justice is associated with the way outcomes are allocated.a) proceduralb) informationalc) interactionald) distributivee) none of the above
Q:
___________ justice is associated with the way information is conveyed.a) proceduralb) informationalc) interactionald) distributivee) none of the above
Q:
___________ justice is associated with fair treatment of employees.a) proceduralb) informationalc) interactionald) distributivee) none of the above
Q:
___________ justice is associated with fair decision-making processes.a) proceduralb) informationalc) interactionald) distributivee) none of the above
Q:
Scholars distinguish among four forms of organizational justice: procedural, informational, interactional and ___________ justice.
a) fair
b) engaged
c) distributive
d) autonomous
e) none of the above
Q:
The most essential moral value, ____________, is positively associated with employee engagement and occurs when employees perceive fairness in decisions associated with organizational policies, procedures and outcomes.
a) honesty
b) justice
c) patience
d) compassion
e) none of the above
Q:
High levels of employee performance and satisfaction, according to Daniel Pink, result from employees driven to meet basic needs including ___________ (self-direction), mastery (continually learning and creating new things), and purpose (work is a personal cause or mission).
a) autonomy
b) hierarchy
c) authority
d) responsibility
e) none of the above
Q:
Many managers falsely continue to assume that the best way to motivate employees is through _____________ and the threat of disciplinary action.
a) job enrichment
b) recognition
c) achievement
d) financial rewards
e) none of the above
Q:
Which of the following is not among the factors impacting job dissatisfaction?a) quality of supervisionb) relationship with bossc) the work itselfd) relationship with peerse) none of the above
Q:
Which of the following is not among the factors impacting job satisfaction?a) achievementb) recognitionc) base wage or salaryd) growthe) none of the above
Q:
Job dissatisfaction factors, called _____________, are related to a bad working environment.
a) motivation factors
b) hygiene factors
c) Maslow's factors
d) Herzberg's factors
e) none of the above
Q:
Job satisfaction factors, called _____________, are related to what people do at work.
a) motivation factors
b) hygiene factors
c) Maslow's factors
d) Herzberg's factors
e) none of the above
Q:
Frederick Herzberg's work exploring employee motivation suggests that job satisfaction can be described in which of the following ways?
a) linear, in that the presence of some factors results in satisfaction and their lack results in dissatisfaction
b) factors contributing to satisfaction are separate and distinct from those contributing to dissatisfaction
c) motivation factors and hygiene factors contribute equally to good working environments
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Q:
The work of which theorist complements Maslow's hierarchy of needs, emphasizing the importance of employees experiencing a need for affiliation and achievement, and adds the element of a need for power or authority?
a) Jeffrey Skilling
b) David McClelland
c) Abraham Maslow
d) Frederick Herzberg
e) none of the above
Q:
Individuals typically prioritize __________ over self-actualization needs, according to Maslow's hierarchy.
a) physiological
b) self-esteem
c) safety
d) all of the above
e) none of the above